Echocardiography Transesophageal: kuyini?

Pathology kohlelo senhliziyo ingenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukufa. Leli qembu izifo luvame ikakhulukazi kwabantu asebekhulile. Ukuxilongwa isifo senhliziyo kusaqalwa kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga kanye nokushona. Omunye izindlela Uphenyo echocardiography. Le ndlela zokuxilonga kuyadingeka ukuhlola okwenzeka enhliziyweni. Ngokuvamile, echocardiography wenziwa esebenzisa i inzwa ultrasonic, okuyinto ibekwe phezu kodonga esifubeni. Kwezinye izimo, le cwaningo wenziwa phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Khona-ke kwenziwa echocardiography transesophageal. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ngeso lengqondo inhliziyo kabanzi.

Transesophageal echocardiography - kuyini?

Echocardiography - ingenye yezindlela eziyinhloko ukuxilonga izifo yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kungaba kwenziwe ngasiphi yobudala, njengoba hhayi kuhambisane umthwalo osabalalayo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yophenyo wezinsimbi ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo ubukhulu kanye ukushuba emakamelweni inhliziyo, ukuhlola isimo valve. echocardiography Transesophageal (ChPEhoKG) ungachazwa ukuthi wenziwa kusuka ngaphakathi, kunokuba ngaphandle (esifubeni udonga). Nalokhu izinga imaging buyathuthuka. Ucwaningo akusho linqume zonke, kodwa kuphela izinkomba ekhethekile. Lokho okwenza echocardiography ngokusebenzisa ingaphakathi emphinjeni, kuzomele uqale afeze transthoracic yayo. Le ndlela zokuxilonga Kwenziwa Uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe esibhedlela.

It ngokusekelwe kulokho indlela echocardiography transesophageal?

echocardiography Transesophageal wenhliziyo - leli su imaging, ogxile ultrasound. Ultrasound wenziwa usebenzisa inzwa akhethekile gel. Idivayisi kudala ephezulu imvamisa amaza omsindo. Kwangezikhathi "wemfanelo 'ngoba lezi zimpawu ukuze amaza omsindo hlobo. Sikhishwe kutsi lowo nalowo mtimba lunesibalo ezithile futhi isakhiwo, basuke ehlukile ukuboniswa qapha ixhunywe unit. Ucwaningo lwenziwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ka ukuhlola obusebenzayo ungakwazi ukuhlola isimo kwamakamelo inhliziyo, kuyilapho inzwa wela kanye ebusweni nomzimba. Ngokuphambene transthoracic echocardiography, cwaningo transesophageal inikeza ngisho ukubona kuncane kakhulu ukuphazamiseka okube isakhiwo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngesikhathi ultrasound odongeni esifubeni, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukufeza ezanele imaging inhliziyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshini "ngamapiki" nge Echoes of nezinye izindikimba: izimbambo, izicubu adipose, imisipha izicubu. Lapho kuyehla kokwenza 'iwindi ultrasound' ChPEhoKG kakhulu, ngakho le ndlela kuyinto ngaphezulu ulwazi.

Izinkomba sesifundo somuntu

I izinkomba main isifundo uthola kunzima lokwenza ukuxilongwa esekelwe idatha echocardiography transthoracic. Ngokuvamile, lokhu nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo wenziwa ezigulini eziye esolwa kwezinso sina inhliziyo. ke kuyadingeka futhi ekuhloleni izimbotshana umzimba. Njengoba sazi ukuthi ultrasound ngokusebenzisa ebusweni odongeni esifubeni Kulezimo uninformative, wenziwa transesophageal echocardiography. Izinkomba isifundo:

1. Izinkinga ongowenhliziyo valve esikhundleni. Kwezinye izimo, nolwelwesi eside uyasinda, kanjalo okubangela ukuvuvukala, abscesses.
2. Babhekane nezinga elikhulu wenhliziyo noma useshonile le-aorta.
3. ukusebenza Ukungalwazi valve zokufakelwa.
4. Izifo of imisipha yenhliziyo - endo-, pericarditis myo-.
5. I-aorta ithumba.
6. Thrombosis ventricle.
7. Nesidingo sokutadisha ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa.

Ngaphezu kwalezi izinkomba, echocardiography transesophageal Kuphoqelekile phambi valve zokufakelwa. Futhi, ucwaningo Kwenziwa at ukuphakama ngisahlose wamaphaphu (emphysema), ukukhuluphala.

Izimo echocardiography transesophageal

Naphezu kokuba ChPEhoKG, le ndlela ucwaningo alisetshenziswa kabanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuba koda, hhayi zonke iziguli uyavumelana inqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezinye contraindications echocardiography transesophageal. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Izifo ukuvuvukala we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo kanye pharynx.
2. Anomalies yentuthuko ejensi (emphinjeni esifushane, diverticulum).
3. Nezibazi, stricture. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva ushevu nama-asidi noma alkalis.
4. esophagitis Erosive.
5. Ukopha kusukela izilonda cardia isisu.
6. dilatation ngomphimbo isifo sokusha hepatic.
7. Umdlavuza ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo kanye pharynx.
8. Umdlavuza emphinjeni noma cardia isisu.

In the ukungabikho izifo emathunjini kungase kwenziwe ChPEhoKG iziguli zanoma iyiphi iminyaka. Futhi, ucwaningo akusilo contraindicated kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abaphethwe pathologies ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. It is hhayi ephelezelwa ezithela kakhulu ngokuzishisa ngemisebe umzimba.

Ukulungiselela echocardiography transesophageal

Ngaphambi kokunika echocardiography transesophageal, isiguli kumele sithunyelwe ibhekane uchungechunge ukuhlolwa laboratory. Lezi zihlanganisa: igazi-chemistry, i-kla futhi OAM, coagulation. Lokhu kungenzeka izinguquko ezifana nokwanda kokungabi leukocyte, izinhlayiya zegazi yashesha ESR. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi inhlolovo, ngokuvamile kwenziwa transthoracic ultrasound uphethwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni okusolakala isifo senhliziyo kuyadingeka ukususa ECG.

echocardiography Transesophageal yinqubo ephephile, ngakho-ke, akudingi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Uma isiguli kuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi, bese khansela phambi test akudingekile. Isimo ezidingekile kunemidanti ukwehluleka ukuthatha ukudla amahora 6 esandulele ChPEhoKG. Uma isiguli amazinyo okufakelwa, kufanele zisuswe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphambi ekuhlolweni olwenziwa premedication. Ukuze wehlise amathe, izidakamizwa "atropine" iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi. Uma isiguli esimweni ejabule, linqume zinhlungu (imithi "Diazepam").

Technique transesophageal echocardiography

Ukuze ugweme ukungakhululeki, emlonyeni nasemphinjeni ubuhlungu yokunciphisa. Kuze kube yimanje ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni "Lidocaine" noma "Dikain". Isiguli ibekwe ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Ukuvimbela ukulimala probe futhi lula yethula ku emphinjeni, sebenzisa isetshenziswa ekhethekile. Ukuphela yomculo kumele ziphathwe gel ekhethekile, okuyinto esetshenziswa ultrasound izivivinyo. Ngemva kwalokho, i-probe endoscope ufakwa inesikhala ngomphimbo. Ukuze lula inqubo, isiguli kufanele enze ukugwinya. Phakathi 5-10 imizuzu lo mshini e gullet ingaphakathi. Isibani endoscope buqondene inhliziyo. Ogangeni zedivayisi emphinjeni kuthola Echoes. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi real zibekwa phezu qapha namazwi aqoshiwe eyayiphathelene ifilimu.

Lokho bungabonakala echocardiography transesophageal

Ngenxa echocardiography, kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ingaphakathi emphinjeni, ungakwazi ukuhlola isimo senhliziyo esilimele, endocarditis futhi valvular kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Lolu cwaningo kubalulekile ngoba uyayazi imbangela. Banikezwe Imininingwane wokuqukethwe lelisetulu indlela, kungenzeka ukuthola umonakalo ngisho okuncane ngaphakathi komgodi inhliziyo. ChPEhoKG wembula khona amahlule, izinguquko ukuvuvukala, asike izidumbu zabantu yomthambo i-aorta. Special ulwazi ezahlukene cwaningo ngakuthathu. Ngenxa cardiography 3D-ultrasound okungagcini nje ukuhlola isimo imisipha yenhliziyo, kodwa futhi ukulungiselela nesiguli ukusebenza kwe-sokwenziwa valve. Le ndlela isebenza ucwaningo zobuchwepheshe kanye Kwenziwa emitholampilo ezikhethekile.

yezinkinga olungenzeka echocardiography transesophageal

Enye indlela uphethwe kubhekwa echocardiography transesophageal zenhliziyo. Ivelaphi le nqubo? Lolu cwaningo lwenziwa imitholampilo kanye umnyango nezenhliziyo, kanye emitholampilo yangasese, ifakwe imishini yezokwelapha zesimanje. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi, naphezu ukuphepha, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile angagcina ukuxakeka. Lezi zihlanganisa arrhythmias inhliziyo, kanye komzimba nezinto imithi (imithi yokubulala izinzwa, zinhlungu). Ukuze ugweme nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo, kubalulekile ukuba abe nesethi elungele yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule.

echocardiography Transesophageal wenhliziyo: Izibuyekezo iziguli nodokotela

Lolu cwaningo iphephile futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu, ukuze iziguli ikubekezelele kahle. Ukuxilonga zokugula sina wenziwa echocardiography transesophageal. Odokotela ngalokhu indlela ucwaningo omuhle. Odokotela bathi kakhulu bakhe ulwazi nokuphepha.