Erik Satie: ubuhlakani noma uhlanya?

Omunye bomculo okurarako futhi impikiswano of umlando umculo ubhekwa Erik Satie. Biography of umqambi ugcwele amaqiniso, kuyilapho ayengenza ukwethusa abangane bakhe kanye abayithandayo, kuqala ngolaka sivikele isitatimende esisodwa, bese bephika emsebenzini wabo theory. Eminyakeni 90 yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, Erik Satie wahlangana Karlom Debyussi waphika kulandela zokudala yokusebenza isikhathi uRichard Wagner - wakhuthaza asekela kuphela impressionism achamusela umculo, ngoba kwaba ukuqala ukuphindukuzalwa art wonyaka wonke wezwe laseFrance. Kamuva, umqambi Erik Satie kwaba impikiswano asebenzayo nge abalingisi Impressionism isitayela. Ngo prtivoves ephemerality nangobuciko waphakamisa ukucaciseleka, focus bese eqondile ukuze notation.

Satie kwadingeka kunethonya elikhulu endleleni bomculo ababengamalungu okuthiwa 'nesithupha'. Wayengumuntu ihlongandlebe ukubuyisa ababezama siphikise amaphethini izingqondo zabantu. Wayehola isixuku abalandeli esasithanda impi Satie nge philistinism, izitatimende kwakhe ngesibindi mayelana art nomculo ngokukhethekile.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Erik Satie wazalwa ngo-1866. Uyise wasebenza njengoba port nomdayisi. Ngisho kusukela zisencane lo Eric abasha yasinamathela umculo yabonisa ngamakhono amangalisayo, kodwa ngoba akekho eduze engakathenjiswa umshado e umculo, le mizamo abazibiwe. Kuphela engu-12, lapho lo mndeni wanquma ukushintsha indawo yokuhlala e Paris, Eric ahlonishwe izifundo umculo avamile. Ngezinye nesishiyagalombili, Erik Satie wangena somculo e-Paris. Watadisha izifundo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-theory, phakathi owawungumnyaka ngokuvumelana. Wabuye wafunda upiyano. WezeMfundo somculo akazange ukwanelisa wayeyisazi esizayo. Untshinga isifundo futhi uya empini njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela.

Ngemva konyaka, u-Eric wabuyela Paris. Yena usebenza itoho endaweni cafe encane njengoba wopiyano. Kwelinye izikhungo ezifana e Montmartre, futhi kwakukhona umhlangano kwesibhamu nge Karlom Debyussi, ngubani umxhwele futhi wayithanda le ukukhetha elingavamile evumelanayo elula, ezibonakala aqamba umculi abasha. Debussy ngisho wanquma ukwenza i-okhestra for upiyano umjikelezo Satie - "Gymnopédies". Abaculi sebengabangane. umbono wabo kwakusho lukhulu nomunye, okungase kuholele Debussy Satie kusukela intshiseko yakhe abasha umculo of Wagner.

Ukudlulela Arkay

Ekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye SATI eshiya Paris ku Emaphethelweni Arcueil. Wathatha ezishibhile owawuholela kwelinye ikamelo elincane ngenhla cafe encane futhi wayeka umuntu ukuqala. Ngisho nabangane abaseduze ayikwazanga ubuye. Ngenxa yalokhu, SATI wethiwa "unkom 'idlayodwa Arkeysky." Wayehlala yedwa, akasibonanga isidingo emihlanganweni abamemezeli, akalithabathanga oda esikhulu inzuzo kusukela ebhayisikobho. Ngezikhathi wabonakala emibuthanweni imfashini Paris, abaletha umsebenzi fresh zomculo. Futhi emva wonke umuzi baxoxisana ngale, SATI okuphindaphindiwe amahlaya, amazwi akhe, futhi kobukhulu osaziwayo zomculo we isikhathi, futhi cishe art bebonke.

Ikhulu Lama Satie ihlangabezana yokufunda. Kusukela ngo-1905 kuya ku-1908, lapho eneminyaka engu-39 ubudala, u-Erik Satie wafunda Schola cantorum. Watadisha ukwakheka kanye counterpoint nge A. Roussel futhi O. Sere. umculo Sakudala Erik Satie kuhlehlela emuva ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, lo 80-90-yalolucwaningo. Lona "Mass abampofu" ngoba choir nogwali, upiyano umjikelezo "-Google Play Cold" kanye "Gymnopédies" abadumile.

Ngokubambisana Cocteau. Ballet "Parade"

Kakade 20s SATI ishicilela lakhetsiwe upiyano izingcezu ukuthi akheke eziyinqaba igama engavamile: "Isikhumba zehhashi", "Pieces ezintathu ngesimo ipheya," "omisiwe Imibungu", "incazelo okuzenzakalelayo". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wabhala eziningana bayaxoxa, iculo izingoma kakhulu e-waltz, okwenzeka engqondweni yomphakathi. Ngo-1915 Satie elindelwe umhlangano ebalulekile Jean Cocteau, wemidlalo, imbongi kanye umculo umhlaziyi. Kusukela Kwathi nesicelo sokusungula, kanye ballet Picasso sika idume qembu Diaghilev sika. Ngo-1917, inzalo yabo - umdanso we-ballet "Parade" - yanyatheliswa.

Nezenzakalo, futhi asiqokomisa ngamabomu primitivism nokwedelela euphony umculo, okwenezela alien isikolo kuzwakala umshini wokubhala, kwakhala nezinye imoto ombangela ukulahlwa okukhulu ukuhlasela zomphakathi kanye baxgeki Nokho, okuyinto, akuzange kuwumise umqambi kanye nebangani bakhe. Umculo ballet "Parade" kwaba Asabela kanjani ihholo umculo, kanye motifs okusikhumbuza imiculo ukuthi bavuma ingoma ezitaladini.

Drama "USocrates"

Ngo-1918 Satie wabhala umsebenzi ngokuphelele ezahlukene. idrama Symphonic ngokuhlabelela, "uSocrates", umbhalo ngasebenza njengombonisi eMnyangweni mpendulwano yokuqala ubuqambi kaPlato, izibambe, crystal ecacile, ngisho isicefe. It has no frills nemidlalo umphakathi. Kuyinto bokungafani ka "Parade", nakuba phakathi kwawo Kwakulotshiwe nje isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Ekupheleni "uSocrates" Erik Satie baqala khona ukukhuthaza umbono we nempahla, ephelezelwa umculo, okuyinto yayizosetshenziselwa okwasemuva ezindabeni zansuku zonke.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Qeda ekuphileni kwakho okumatasa Satie wahlangana ngesikhathi besahlala Emaphethelweni efanayo Paris. Akazange ukuhlangana yakhe nabangani bakhe abadala, kuhlanganise nalezo ne "eziyisithupha". Erik Satie kubuthana kuye umbuthano bomculo entsha. Manje bebizwa ngokwabo "esikoleni Arkeyskoy." Kwakukhona Cliquet-Pleyel, Corey, uJakobe, kanye umqhubi Dezormer. Abaculi okuxoxwe art entsha uhlamvu yeningi. On kokufa SATI cishe akekho owayazi. Lokhu engamboziwe, alikhulumi ke. Genius kunakwe. Kuphela phakathi nekhulu le-lamashumi amabili yaphinde yaba nesithakazelo ubuciko bakhe, umculo wakhe nefilosofi.