Ettli Klement - sezombangazwe esivelele kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Attlee klemenet: izinqubomgomo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle

Ettli Klement ubhekwa izikhonzi enkulu njengondunankulu leminyaka elidlule. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yena wayevela Labor Party, ayenakho nobuhlobo obuhle Churchill (umholi okulondoloza). Futhi oyedwa omele ngaphezulu emthethweni, uMargaret Thatcher, bekulokhu fan yakhe ngaso sonke isikhathi.

kweminyaka engu

Ettli Klement wazalwa ngo 03/01/1883 eLondon. Ubaba kwenqubomgomo wasebenza umsebenzi wezomthetho. Ngo-1904, undunankulu esizayo iziqu University of Oxford ku lunye "Contemporary Umlando". Kamuva, wathola iziqu Faculty of Law.

Attlee waqala ukusebenza nezingane. Yashintsha kakhulu umbono wakhe. Washintsha imibono yakhe, babesuka emthethweni e-Socialist. Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu, waba ilungu Independent Labour Party.

Imisebenzi Attlee:

• UNobhala Beatrice Webb;
• afundiswe School of Economics (London);
• Walwa impi (World);
• imeya wesifunda kamasipala.

umsebenzi wezepolitiki

Ngokwe imiphumela yokhetho lwezindawo esenzeka ngo-1922, Ettli Klement waba ilungu House of Commons. MP kwaba umsekeli Macdonald. WAKHE OMFUSHANE Wakhonza njengombonisi uNobhala ePhalamende naye. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, lapho engena yokwakheka uhulumeni njengoba nePhini likaNgqongqoshe neMpi.

Attlee wayengekho phakathi kwalabo abasekela kutelekwa, eyaqala ngo-1926. Kodwa akazange azamukele ukuze usebenzise inqubomgomo isiteleka. Ngo-1927, undunankulu esizayo wasebenza Commission, okuyinto uhlola isimo e-India sinombono uhulumeni kungenzeka yezwe.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, wabuyela izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni. Umphathintambo waqokwa Shansela (Lancaster). Ngalesi sikhathi, Clement udumazeke emisebenzini Macdonald. Ngemva kokwehluleka kwe-ukhetho, waba phakathi ambalwa ayesale iPhalamende kusukela Labour Party. Attlee baba iPhini George Lansbury - umholi wabo.

Ngalesi sikhathi sina unkosikazi kabi iphini, ngakho kukhona umbuzo mayelana nendlela ukuba ubalekele ezombusazwe. Attlee ukugcina futhi sithuthukise esimweni sayo sezimali, iholo olwengeziwe wabelwa kuye.

umholi weqembu

Ngisho kule minyaka 1933-1934 Ettli Klement isikhashana wakhonza yinhloko Labour Party lapho Lansbury esesesibhedlela ukulimala. Waba umholi agcwele ngo-1935. Iposi bekatsatsa kuze 1955 th.

Ngokokuqala ngqá, umholi Labor akazange abone ukungathí sina nokwesatshiswa kusukela eJalimane nolaka. Yena wayephikisa ukuchitha imali ukuthuthukisa izwe. Ngu-1937, isikhundla ngalolu daba ngesikhathi Labour Party ishintshile. Baqala ukuba baphikise inqubomgomo zikhuthazwe UNdunankulu Chamberlain itholakala appeasement.

Ngo-1940, waba ingxenye kahulumeni umfelandawonye Churchill. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva Attlee ithole sephini undunankulu. Churchill asekelwe izinqubomgomo mayelana United Kingdom baqhubeka simelane nakho, naphezu Zinikeleni yeFrance.

Umholi Labor wafuna ukulondoloza sokusebenzisana kuze elaseJapane lacela umaluju futhi empini ngeke iphele. Kodwa abaningi amalungu iqembu lakhe nazo baqala ukuba zitshele lo ukhetho. Churchill, esikhundleni salokho, wayeqiniseka ukuthandwa kwakhe phakathi kwabantu, + ngakho ngokuthi ukhetho ngoba ihlobo lango-1945.

Emthethweni yayifisa ukuba ukusekela abantu nondunankulu wayo. Nakuba Labor kwenziwe uhlelo pre-ukhetho lapho isimo wathembisa ukwakha umphakathi sezenhlalo. Ukhetho owawuse ngonyaka 07/05/1945. Attlee party okokuqala emlandweni, azuzwe eningini elingaphezu kukahhafu. Bakwazi ukuthatha e -House of Commons 393 izihlalo. Ngenxa yalokhu kunqoba sezombusazwe ukuthusa kuphumelele Churchill wathatha okuthunyelwe sokuba undunankulu.

ngasekhanda

Premiership Attlee senzeke yokutakula nzima, kanye ekuqaleni okuthiwa neMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Isiphi isikhundla wathatha Klement Ettli? Inqubomgomo angaphandle Great Britain kulezi iminyaka iye igxile US.

Izenzo eyinhloko isimo enkundleni emhlabeni:

• ukuqaliswa kwe "LukaMarshall";
• ukudalwa NATO;
• ukuqhuba impi Malaya;
• iqhaza ukuvusa izingxabano phakathi amaNdiya kanye abadabuka ePakistani, ama-Arabhu kanye Israyeli;
• ukunikeza ukuzimela neNdiya.

Ngo Inqubomgomo yasekhaya, undunankulu ukwenza ngcono izinga lokuphila isigaba sabasebenzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izwe waziphatha kwekuhlela kabusha komphakathi, abantu zinikezwa imisebenzi. Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe izimboni uhulumeni, ezifana Bank of England, ujantshi, abanye izimboni, zezindiza.

Klement Ettli, inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle okuxoxwe okwakubekelwa, kwaba ungqongqoshe lokuqala prime Labour Party, wangena indlela ukuze umsebenzi isikhathi sakhe ngokugcwele.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ngemuva kokhetho 1951 Labor Party kwadingeka ayeke post yakhe ukuze Churchill. Ngo-1955, inqubomgomo wanikezwa peerage sitholwa njengefa.

Abafile Klement Ettli, ogama nqubomgomo okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ngcono ukuvikelwa komphakathi isigaba sabasebenzi, 10.8.1967, e-London.