Ibhajethi Yokunqoba. Egorov naseKantaria. Ibhajethi Yokunqoba phezu kweReichstag

Kuze kube manje, wonke umuntu unethuba lokubheka ukuthi i-Banner of Victory ibheke kanjani i-Reichstag. Izithombe ezenziwe ngemuva kokufakwa, zisatshalaliswa kwinani elikhulu kakhulu. Nokho, ukuthi leli qembu lenziwa kanjani futhi ngaphansi kobuholi balo, bambalwa abawaziyo ezweni lanamuhla. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcizelela lolu daba ngokuningiliziwe, izingxabano ezithatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi okwamanje akukho mqondo ongacabangi mayelana nokuthi ubani ofake kahle uphawu lweNqobe.

Ukubhekisela emlandweni ekuhlaselweni kwenhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane

Amasosha ethu aphumelele kathathu ukuthola indawo ensimini yaseBerlin. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni Yempi Yezinsuku Eziyisikhombisa. Ngaleso sikhathi, amabutho ahlasela inhloko-dolobha yasePrussia ayeyalwe nguMajener General Totleben. Okwesibili uBerlin wathathwa ngenkathi elwa neNapoleon, okungukuthi ngo-1813. Futhi ngo-1945 inhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane yathathwa okwesibili yi-Red Army.

Kwadingeka nini ukuqala ukuhlaselwa?

Kwakukhona ukungabaza okuningi. Emuva ngoFebhuwari, ngokusho kukaMarshal Chuikov, bekukhona ithuba lokuthola inzuzo enhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkulungwane zempilo zingasindiswa. Nokho, uMarshal Zhukov wabheka ngokuhlukile futhi wakhansela ukuhlaselwa. Kulokhu wayeqondiswa iqiniso lokuthi amasosha ayekhathele. Futhi ngemuva kwakungekho isikhathi sokubamba kuze kube manje. AbaseMelika, kanye nabaseBrithani, banquma ukushiya ukuhlaselwa eBerlin, bakholelwa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kuyoba kuhle kakhulu.

Kwabulawa abantu abangaba ngu-352 000 futhi balimala ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwaseBerlin. Amabutho asePoland ayengabalandeli abangaba ngu-2892.

Ukuhlaselwa ngezindlela ezimbili nokungahambisani kwabalawuli

Ngokwemvelo, kwacaca ukuthi iBerlin cishe ayinakho ithuba. Kodwa abaphathi bamabutho aseSoviet banquma ukuqala ukuhlaselwa. Kunqunywe ukuhlasela ngokushesha kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili. UMarshal Zhukov, owayala i-First Byelorussian Front, wahlasela kusukela enyakatho-mpumalanga. UMarshal Konev, owahola i-First Ukrainian Front, waqala ukuhlasela okuvela eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Uhlelo lokuzungeza umuzi lwenqatshelwe. Amashasha amabili kuwo wonke umuntu wazama ukuya phambili. Okuyinhloko yelungiselelo lokuqala kwakuwukuthi uKonev wahlasela ingxenye eyodwa yenhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane, noZhukov - omunye.

Ngo-Ephreli 16, ukuhlaselwa kweBelarusian Front kwaqala. Ngesikhathi e-Seelow Gate, kwabulawa amasosha angaba ngu-80 000. I-Ukrainian Front Front yawela i-Spree River ngo-Ephreli 18. UMarshal Konev ucele ukuhlasela eBerlin ngo-Ephreli 20. Ngokuqondile iqembu elifanayo lanika uZhukov ngo-Ephreli 21, egcizelela ukuthi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe nganoma yikuphi ukubiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, impumelelo yokusebenza kwakudingeka ibikwe ngokushesha kuCrade Stalin ngokwakhe.

Ngokuphathelene nokungahambisani kwezenzo zamabutho amabili, amasosha amaningi afa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi "ukuncintisana" okunjalo kwaqedwa ngokusiza uMarshal Zhukov.

Izikhumbuzo ezenziwe kusengaphambili

Kwanqunywa kusengaphambili ukwenza ibhanna yempi. Kodwa, ngemva kokucatshangwa okuncane, zenziwe ngenani layisishiyagalolunye ngenani lezigaba ezahlasela iReichstag. Omunye walezi zibhanki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wadluliselwa ngaphansi komyalo kaMajja-General Shatilov kuze kube yi-150th division, eyasondela eduze neReichstag. Kwakuyi-Banner of Victory futhi yachithwa phezu kwesakhiwo se-German Bundestag.

Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli 30 cishe ngehora lesihlanu ntambama uShatilov wanikezwa umyalelo ovela kuZhukov. Wayengumfihlo ngokuphelele. Kulo, i-marshal yamemezela ukubonga emaqenjini aphelisa iBanner of Victory. Lokhu kwenziwa kusengaphambili. Kodwa ngemva kwakho konke, iRevichstag kwakudingeka idlule cishe ngamamitha angaba ngu-300. Futhi impi kwakufanele ibe ngokoqobo kuwo wonke amamitha.

Beat the Banner nganoma iyiphi imali!

Emzamweni wokuqala, ukuhlasela kuhlulekile. Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uMarshal Zhukov ngokulandelana kwakhe wabhala usuku oluqondile. Ngokusho kwephepha elisemthethweni, lokhu kwakudingeka kwenziwe ngo-Ephreli 30 ngo-14.25.

Ngokwemvelo, lo myalelo awukwazanga ukwephulwa. Ngakho-ke, uShatilov wanikeza umyalelo wokukhipha iBanner of Victory phezu kweReichstag nganoma yiliphi izindleko, ukuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi uma ifulege ngokwalo lingakwazi ukuqhutshwa, okungenani liphakamise ifulegi elincane ngaphezu komnyango wesakhiwo. Mhlawumbe u-Shatilov wesaba ukuthi uzoshaywa ngumlawuli we-171nd division yaseNigoda. Ngakho-ke, eBerlin umncintiswano wenziwa phakathi kwamashasha, kanye neReichstag - phakathi kwabaphathi bezinhlaka.

Ukuzama ukuhambisana nomyalelo, izisebenzi zokuzithandela, ezithatha amafulegi abomvu abanjwe ekhaya, zagijimela esakhiweni esikhulu saseJalimane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi emisebenzini yokulwa evamile, okokuqala kudingekile ukuba uqaphele iphuzu eliyinhloko, futhi kuphela ukuphakamisa iBanner of Victory. Kodwa kule mpi konke kwenzeka ngokuphambene kakhulu.

IQembu lika-674, ngaphansi komyalo kaLieutenant-Colonel Plekhodanov, lathola umsebenzi ofanele ukuphakamisa ifulegi. Phakathi nalolu hlelo, uLieutenant Koshkarbaev wazihlukanisa. Ukuze abhekane nalo msebenzi, ngaphansi komyalo wakhe wanikezwa amasosha okubonga, eholwa nguLieutenant Sorokin.

Ukubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala zokunqoba esakhiweni saseJalimane

Futhi manje, emva kwamahora angu-7, iBanner of Victory ebomvu (okungukuthi ikhophi yakhe encane) yayigcinwe odongeni lweReichstag. Akudingeki ukuthi uthi, yibuphi ubunzima amasosha aye anqobe amamitha wokugcina eRoyal Square! Ukuhambela kwakuhambisana nokuqhuma komlilo okuqhubekayo. Nokho, babhekana nomsebenzi wabo. Ngendlela, ifulegi eludongeni lalihlanganiswe elinye lamasosha - i-Bulatov. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wema emahlombe kaLieutenant Koshkarbaev ngokwakhe.

Ngakho-ke, abakwaFighters Koshkarbaev noButatov baqala ukufika esakhiweni esikhulu saseJalimane. Kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli 30 ngo-18.30.

Isimo sengqondo sokungabaza komyalo wokubambisana kukaKoshkarbaev no-Bulatov

Uhlaselwa yiReichstag ne-battali ngaphansi komyalo kaNeustroev, owayeyilungu leGoli lika-756 le-150th Division efanayo. Ukuhlaselwa kathathu kwadlula. Futhi ngomzamo wesine kuphela amasosha akwazi ukufinyelela esakhiweni. Amasosha amathathu alwela indlela eya emnyango: Major Sokolovsky kanye namabhilidi amabili. Kodwa lapho babelindele kakade uKoshkarbaev noButatov.

Kunolwazi olunjalo, okuyisisekelo sokuthi ifulegi elincane lokunqoba lihlelwe kukholomu yasePytovr Shcherbina. Uwuthathe esandleni salo muntu owabulawa ezinyathelweni zikaPyotr Pyatnitsky, owayengumphathi webutho leNetroev. Nokho, aziwa ukuthi waba ngowokuqala.

Ngokwemvelo, umyalo awufuni ukukholelwa ekuqhutshweni kobuqhawe bukaKoshkarbayev no-Bulatov. Ngo-19: 00, bonke abanye abaqaphi be-150th Division bahamba baya eReichstag. Umnyango wangaphambili wawunqanyuliwe. Ngemuva kokukhwabanisa, lesi sakhiwo sidlula ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwamabutho aseSoviet.

Izimpi zeReichstag zahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu

Ukulwa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kwahlala izinsuku ezimbili. Amasosha amakhulu e-SS akhishwe ngaphambi komhlaka-1 Meyi. Kodwa-ke, amanye amasosha, ayehlala ezindlini zokuhlala, aphikisa kuze kube ngu- Meyi 2. Phakathi nalezi zinsuku, nje kuphela lapho kuqhubeka khona amabutho, amasosha angamakhulu amabili nesigamu ayizitha abulawe futhi ahlaselwa. Ukuthunjwa kwehlulekile ukuthatha okuningi. Ukuhlukana kwemijondolo kwakwazi ukusiza ekuhlaselweni. Noma kunjalo, ngaphezu kwezimpi ezakhiweni ngokwazo, impi yaqhubeka iseduze kwakhe. Amasosha aseSoviet ayeqeda amaqembu aseBerlin, okwabavimbela ukuba bathathe inhloko-dolobha.

Ukubonakala kwesibonakaliso sokunqoba

Umkhankaso weBanner of Victory phezu kweReichstag waqala ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwesakhiwo ngokwaso. Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uColonel Zinchenko, owahola i-Regiment 756, wabonga ngamasosha ekusebenzeni okuphumelelayo. Nguye owanikeze umyalelo wokulethwa kweBanner kusuka endlunkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ulwazi ukuthi nguye owanikeze umyalo wokukhetha amaqhawe amabili ayezophakamisa ifulegi leNqobe. Yaba Yegorov neKantaria.

Endaweni ethile ku-21.30 bayakwazi ukwenza indlela yabo ophahleni lweReichstag. Emva kwalokho okokuqala bahlela ibhanna emgodini, otholakale ngenhla emnyango omkhulu. Ngemva kokuthola umyalo ofanelekile, ngaphansi kokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu njalo futhi engozini yokuphulukisa u-Egorov noKantaria bakhuphukela phezulu kakhulu kwedome futhi baphakamisa uphawu lokunqoba kulo. Futhi kwenzeka kakade ngakunye ekuseni, ngokulandelana, ngoMeyi 1. Le nguqulo ivumelekile.

Ngakho ngubani owokuqala?

Kodwa, ngokwesazi-mlando uSychev, le nguqulo ayilungile. Ukuphenya izinto zokugcina izincwadi kanye nokuqhuba imihlangano yomuntu siqu namasosha owahlasela isakhiwo esiyinhloko saseJalimane, wasungula ukuthi kwakukhona elinye uphawu lokuNqoba lokuzenzela elaseqembu likaSorokin. Ngakho-ke, ngokubona kwakhe, iBanner of Victory phezu kweReichstag yatshala iBulatov ne-Provators, ekhonza ku-674th intelligence military. Kwaba ngehora lesikhombisa kusihlwa. Leli qiniso laqinisekiswa ngokugcwele ngamadokhumenti okugcinwa komqulu we-674th Regiment.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezimpikiswano ezithile emibhalweni yeGoli le-756, elibhekisela ekuqhumeni kweReichstag kanye nebhanna elinikezwe yi-Egorov neKantaria. Isibonelo, usuku lokufakwa alubonisi njalo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-scouts, ayala uSorokin, ngokushesha ngemva kokuthunjwa kweReichstag, athola isihloko seHero of the Soviet Union. I-albhamu yeqembu ihlanganiswe ngemininingwane eyanele kumashidi athola umklomelo. Nokho, abazange bathole ama-Heroes 'Stars. Futhi konke ngenxa yokuthi u-Egorov kwadingeka abe yiqhawe laseCantaria. Akekho omunye okwakudingeka ukuphakamisa ibhanna.

Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ibhansela yokuqala yayibekwe phezu kwesakhiwo se-Provatorov ne-Bulatov. Ukusebenza ukukhishwa kweBanner emkhatsini weReichstag kwakuholwa u-Alexei Berest. U-Egorov, uKantaria, ngokulandelana, wenza imiyalo yakhe. Ifulegi, elibekwe odongeni likaKoshkarbayev noButatov, ladubula ngamasosha. Iziqephu ezivela kuso zahlukaniswa phakathi kwabo ngenkumbulo.

Inombolo enkulu yezimpawu zokunqoba phezu kweReichstag

Kunombono wokuthi iBanner yokuqala yayiqhutshwa yi-Kazantsev ovamile. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sonke sokuhlaselwa kuReichstag kwafakwa izindwangu ezingaba ngu-40, phakathi kwazo zombili izimbongolo ezinkulu kanye namaflegi amancane. Babengabonwa cishe yonke indawo. Ama-Windows, izivalo, uphahla, izindonga namakholomu - konke kwakusezimpawu ezibomvu zokuNqoba.

Ukudideka kule ndaba kwavela masinyane ngezizathu eziningana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulwa kweReichstag kwaphela okungaphezu kosuku. Izikhali zaseJalimane zazikwazi ukwenza konke okuphindwe kaningi ukuze zibhubhise amabhanela ngenxa yemicibisholo ethunyelwe kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaqembu amaningana atshelwa ngokushesha ukuba aphakamise ifulege ngaphezu kwesakhiwo. Futhi wonke amasosha enza, engazi ukuthi, ngaphandle kwabo, abanye benza lo myalelo. Ukuze ungabheki lelo qembu elilodwa elibhekana nomgomo wokuqala, umyalo wanquma ukuphakamisa ibhansela elilodwa elizofingqa zonke ezinye izikhukhula zokulwa.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uKazantsev wadabula yonke impi. Ngokuvamile, wayevame ukuya esibhedlela. Kodwa, ngokushesha elulame, waphindela emuva emgqeni wokuhlaselwa. Kodwa-ke, ukugxekwa kwengozi ukuthi ngosuku olulandelayo emva kokufakwa kweBanner Kazantsev wabulala kabi futhi wafa ngoMeyi 13.

I-Banner ku-Red Square ayizange iphathwe

Ukuzisola kwami okukhulu, akekho owake wabona uphawu lokuNqoba emgodini owehla emlandweni. Iqembu eliphawulekayo lisusiwe ngemuva kokuthi igqoke ukugqoka. Ukulungiselela i-parade kubanjwe inyanga. Kodwa-ke, amaqhawe ngokwawo ayengakwazi ukuhamba kuye ngesikhathi ayekhona izinsuku ezimbili kuphela. Lo mdlalo wawuqhutshwa ngaphansi komyalo kaRokossovsky. UMarshal Zhukov wamamukela.

U-Neustroev, owayephethe i-Banner, i-Egorov ne-Kantaria, kwakuzoqala uhlaka. Ngesikhathi umkhonto uzwakala, uNeustroyev wayenzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yesilonda, wayekhubazekile. Ngesinye isikhathi waphupha unyawo lwakhe futhi wathandwa kakhulu. Kwakungenxa yalesi sikhashana futhi kunqunywe yiZhukov ukuthi abathwali abajwayelekile abakufanelekile.

Indima enkulu yabo bonke abahlanganyeli bempi

Ngokuphelele, abantu abangaba ngu-100 bathole umklomelo wokuthunjwa kweReichstag, kanye nokufakwa kwesimboli sokunqoba. Singasho ukuthi isibonakaliso sokunqoba sasiqhutshwa yisosha ngalinye. Abalindi abasemngceleni abasha ababulawe ekuqaleni kwempi e-Brest Fortress, nokuvimbela ama-Leningraders, ngisho nama-evacuees. Wonke umuntu owasinda, nabo bonke ababengaboni iParade ye-Victory, nakanjani wonke umuntu wabamba iqhaza kuphela kwiNqobe, kodwa futhi ekufakweni uphawu lwayo ekwakheni iBundestag yesiJalimane.

Kuze kube manje, iBanner of Victory eyenziwe ngokwakho, isithombe umuntu wonke angabona, igcinwa unomphela eMyuziyamu Wezinqola. Futhi njalo ngonyaka ngoSuku Lokwahlukana kuthathwa ngeRed Square Square.