Fontanelle wengane: ubukhulu, isikhathi lokuvala. Isakhiwo Yekhanda ngayo lapho usana

Ekuzalweni kwakhe, umntwana has a nezimo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ithambo eqinile cranial lebhokisi fontanelle ezinkulu nezincane kanye sutures, nabo ukwenza njenge yemvelo ukushaqeka ezidayiswayo. Ngokusho isimo sabo unganquma khona ICP noma ubunjalo Yiqiniso zomsebenzi. Lapho edlula emgudwini wokuzala of skull usana sika appreciably sikhubazekile ngenxa superposition lamathambo ngokumelene nomunye. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kokubili usana kanye nonina. abazali Young kungaba ngake okwesabisayo ukuma okungajwayelekile ikhanda, kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngoba ngemva kwesikhashana liyoba ifomu evamile.

Kungani ngidinga fontanelle

Fontanelle wengane inikeza ukuthuthukiswa bushelelezi zobuchopho. Futhi ekukhuleni kwayo ezimatasa kuyadingeka, njengoba sazi, onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila, ngesikhathi uze ugebhezi ndawo imbozwe ulwelwesi.

Ngenxa fontanel kungenzeka ukuqhuba ucwaningo zobuchopho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ukuqaleka okungenani umntwana. Neurosonography lembula imiphumela lwesigemegeme esibuhlungu, ukopha, izimila ahlukahlukene, izinguquko izakhiwo ingqondo ngendlela efanele usaqala. Phakathi kwezinye izici uzinake ukuhlinzekwa thermoregulation. Fontanelle wengane, ikakhulukazi sokuvalwa diaphragm yayo, epholisa umzimba uma ifinyelela izinga lokushisa komzimba degrees 38. Engeziwe thermoregulatory indlela iyehlisa okuvela edema-cerebral palsy, futhi nokuquleka engase kubangelwe lokushisa eliphezulu. Iphinde uba uhlobo ukushaqeka mfutho ngesikhathi ukuwa, ngaphandle okuyinto ngeke benze izinyathelo zokuqala.

Isikhathi ukuvala fontanelle elikhulu ezinganeni

Ubukhulu okulinganiselwa ku 2x2 cm, fontanelle uba phezulu futhi has simise idayimane. Njengoba bekhula, amathambo skull kukhule ndawonye futhi, uyanyamalala. Kodwa zonke izingane abe ukuthuthukiswa ezahlukene, ngakho-ke lokhu kungathatha izinyanga 18-20. Lokhu akufanele kusenze ukukhathazeka ngesimo nemingcele elihambisana evamile.

skull kuzalwa elinesimo fontanel encane emuva, ephethe usayizi ezincane kakhulu. Cishe zonke izingane ivalwe ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa, ke kungatholakala ezinsaneni azalelwa ekuseni. Kulokhu, lumakwe Fusion okuphelele amasonto 4-8.

Ripple kanye nosayizi fontanelle zibaluleke ngokukhethekile, futhi ivumela odokotela ukuba bahlole isimo somntwana. Ngenxa komthwalo wayo obusebenzayo kamuva noma okuphambene nalokho ngaphambi overgrowth kwezinye izimo kungase kube uphawu sokugembula cranial bone ukukhula.

ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Ukudla abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa inomthelela calcium ne phosphorus umzimba wengane, okuyinto ngenxa yalokho kuthinta isikhathi fontanelle yene. Fontanelle, ingane ingase ibe obukhulu, ube usayizi amancane umkhuba ezahlukene lokuvala okusheshayo, uma umama okhulelwe udla imikhiqizo eminingi kakhulu yobisi ngenkathi ngokuthatha amavithamini. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu izizathu isidingo mkhosi okuqinile kwezinkambiso esungulwe wakhothoza wezifo zabesifazane, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi yokukhulelwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-overabundance-calcium kunomthelela ekuseni ukuguga umzanyana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa umkhawukho wesikhathi ukukhula kwengqondo ephawulwe nomthelela ekukhuleni yayo.

Calcium-phosphorus umzimba

calcium amaningi iningi amacala, ikhona yini imbangela ekuseni fontanel overgrowth ngu ukuntula kwalo uvala kungakadluli umnqamulajuqu. Bobabili bavule amacala ziyimbangela ukuze ihlolwe ezengeziwe, kusukela ezingeni eliphansi calcium kubangelwa anenombolo enganele uvithamini D, kanye ukuntula yayo nakho kunomthelela izifo ezifana yamathambo. Ngenxa kuye, izicubu ithambo kugucula, ekubeni imilenze kancane bushelelezi futhi Gait kahle. Ezinye izimpawu waphawula impandla ngemuva ekhanda, ukujuluka ngokweqile libhekene nephunga omuncu, ngihlaselwe iphupho elibi. Kokulinganisa-calcium-phosphorus exchange izakhi kuvimbela nisebancane coalescence fontanel emaphethelweni.

ingcindezi

Uma esikhulu fontanelle ezinsaneni uvala ekuseni kakhulu, lokho kungase kubonise ukuthi ematfuba khona microcephaly, craniostenosis futhi kuncike umehluko emva Ukuvalwa kuyadingeka ukuze unake okukhethekile kungenzeka anda ingcindezi cranial.

Fontanelle ezinsaneni kumele babe Ubukhulu ku ezahlukene 1-3 cm. Okwedlulele lokhu ipharamitha kungase kubonise khona i nature esithathelanayo izifo, kokulimala ngesikhathi sokubeletha, hypoxia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi outflow kahle uketshezi kule ventricles palsy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nalabo kwasekuzalweni, endocrine iziyaluyalu futhi umzimba normal, lungase futhi ludinge fontanelle ezinkulu.

Lapho ukubona udokotela

Esimeni sokungalandeli umthetho kudinga ukuzithoba ukuhlolwa ukuthola ezingeni calcium umchamo futhi igazi, futhi ukudlula ngihlolwa ezengeziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yamathambo, okuyimbangela ezivamile okungalungile usayizi fontanelle, kuholela ithambo sengozini, ukunciphisa jikelele imisipha iphimbo kanye izinguquko isimiso sezinzwa. Kulokhu ukuqunjelwa kungenzeka ngenxa yobuthakathaka jikelele imisipha. Ingane wezinzwa kuyadingeka ukuze ubonise, uma ukuthuthukiswa lengqondo fontanelle akazange sihambisana ubudala, ngokuvamile isizathu lena nomfutho wegazi ophezulu intracranial, okuyinto aqedwa amalungiselelo akhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazali kufanele iqaphe ukukhula komntwana futhi uma kukhona ukungabaza, uthintane wabantwana. Udokotela kufanele kube kahle konke izimpawu ze-non-ukuhambisana nesikhathi nokukhathazeka. Ngokwesibonelo, ezivame ukukhala ngesikhathi sokulala nokuvuka Screams elikhulu kungase kubonise ikhanda, imbangela okuyinto ophezulu intracranial. Fontanelle ezinsaneni lapho ukukhala iba esishubile ngaphansi kwakhe wazizwa okusizwa ukushaya kwemithambo yegazi.

ngihlolwa edingekayo kanye evele sihlehliswe, likhuluma amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa ukuhlanza njalo noma isifo sohudo.

Yini besaba umama

Ngokuvamile abazali okusha bayesaba ngisho ngephutha uthinte 'soft' umqhele futhi ucele udokotela ngesidingo ukunakekelwa ethize. Fontanel ezinsaneni, ikakhulukazi ulwelwesi, Ngeke kabana ecwaninga izinwele noma kuwukuziphulula ikhanda, ngoba kunamanje kubonakala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwezinye izimo engathandeki ingane diving, ngisho ngaphansi kokuqondisa ochwepheshe abafanelekayo, kusukela ubuchopho echayeke umehluko ingcindezi.

Lapho sigcina ukuthuthukiswa imvuthuluka yezwakala nase fontanelle akufanele kusenze imizwa ku abazali. Abantu abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi ungakwazi ukuwagijimisa ngokwandisa overgrowth ekudleni umthamo zonke izinsuku we-vitamin D ne-calcium. Kodwa izenzo ezinjalo ngeke ibe nanoma imuphi umthelela uma kukhona yofuzo.

isiphetho

Lapho ephetha ngenhla kuyafaneleka sezizathu esiyinhloko-non-ukuhambisana esungulwe kwezinkambiso fontanelle:

• Yamathambo has ukusatshalaliswa enkulu. Kodwa musa ukucinga izimpawu zesifo kuphela uma isikhathi eside engakhuli amnyama. Uphawu oyinhloko uwukwenza ukusonteka ezengeziwe skeleton, e izinguquko esithile ngabanye kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, ngokwesibonelo, umlenze noma esifubeni.
• Fontanelle wengane Ingase futhi kubangelwe hypothyroidism. Kodwa ukuhlukumeza okunjalo imisebenzi yegilo kubonakala phambi kweminyaka eyi 1.5-2 awavamile.
• Isici Ukubambezeleka. Kulokhu, isikhathi accretion kunalokho ezingacacile futhi angase afinyelele kuze kufinyelele eminyakeni 2.5. Ukuba khona kwawo angakhuluma ngokungabi bikho nezinye izimpawu nokuthuthukiswa kanyekanye ngokuhambisana ubudala.