Gene - Iyini? Amazing kanye Amazing isayensi yezakhi zofuzo

Kungani indoda ubukeka ngaleyo ndlela hhayi omunye? Kungani izingane sifuze ababelethi babo, ogogo nomkhulu, abafowenu nodadewenu? Lo mbuzo abantu abanentshisekelo eside ngaphambi ukuvela isayensi yezakhi zofuzo. Yena esanda kutholakala. Umsunguli walesi isayensi ubhekwa Gregor Mendel, owaphila ekhulwini XIX futhi washayelwa imithetho eziningana, owawuthi kukhona ukuzuza ngefa izici ezithile.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, kule ndawo ine ososayensi nesithakazelo futhi uye wathola ukuthuthukiswa sina. Ngo-1909 liye washayelwa bafakwa ukusetshenziswa nomqondo isakhi sofuzo. Gene - kuyingxenye iketango DNA, zonke Helix ajwayelekile double, okuyinto itholakala njalo omkhulu ingqamuzana yomuntu futhi liqukethe yonke imininingwane ngakho. DNA liyatholakala nasemiBhalweni germ cells, futhi lapho ekubumbaneni inhlanganisela DNA eziphilayo ezimbili ukukhiqiza wesifunda omusha futhi eyingqayizivele ehlanganisa DNA hhayi kuphela eziphilayo umzali, kodwa futhi izingxenye amaketanga wawoyise. Gene - iyunithi ulwazi mayelana noma isiphi isici noma iqembu izici i umzimba. Ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezinenkinga kancane zenqane ukwaziswa okubhalwe kuyo, ngakho isidalwa ngasinye uvele nge ukuzala, kuba ngokuphelele eyingqayizivele. Kukholakala ukuthi yonke imininingwane mayelana i umzimba ufakwe okungenani eziyinkulungwane 30-50 ufuzo, kodwa kungaba okuningi. Okungukuthi, zonke izici zobuso, izinwele umbala, isikhumba, iso, nail ukuma, zonke izinqubo umzimba - zonke lezi amakhodi iqembu noma isakhi sofuzo ngabanye. Kuyamangaza ngakho bacele ukuba ahlole futhi wokufunda! Yilokhu ososayensi abahlangene.

Yamamolekhula zofuzo - omunye izingxenye isayensi jikelele - izimisele ukutadisha isakhiwo isakhi sofuzo. Ngokusho idatha yamuva, oyiyo nonlinear evamile siqukethe ukulandelana ezimbili: esephepheni futhi okungezona esephepheni, ababiziweyo, ngokulandelana, futhi exon nitrone. Lokhu kwatholakala ngemva kokutadisha DNA eukaryotes, okungukuthi ufuzo ka i umzimba ogama amaseli aqukethe i-nucleus. Empeleni, i-molecule ye-DNA sakhiwe nucleotide, okuyinto encode lonke ulwazi emzimbeni. Futhi kusukela umbono wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali zonke lokhu amaprotheni.

okutholakele Popular nokufeza zofuzo kwawuqhubekisela imithi, zizalela, biology, forensics kanye neminye imikhakha yesayensi. ukuqonda okunembile ukuthi uluphi ulwazi has isakhi esithile - kuyisihluthulelo ukwelapha izifo eziningi. Ungathola nomsuka walo noma lowo muntu ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika ubuhlobo nabantu abahlukene, nokunye okuningi. Esikhathini esizayo, lapho ososayensi bazokwazi belingisa futhi ulungise isakhi sofuzo zingenza izifo eziningi, ukuletha entsha zezitshalo nezilwane izinhlobo. Aint it esilingayo ungalindele?

Zofuzo, ngamangqamuzana kukhona ezithakazelisayo umqondo - isakhi sofuzo ukugeleza. Kusho ukubukeka labantu eyodwa inombolo enkulu yezakhi zofuzo umuntu azalwa nalo kwamanye
labantu ngenxa kufuduka notshwala. Okungukuthi, uma sisebenzisa leli gama abantu, ingxube izinhlanga ezimbili, nokwenziwa.

Ufuzo - isayensi emangalisayo futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kungase kube omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ethembisa. It hhayi kuphela ukuthi yini kuyoba, kodwa futhi ungathola ukuthi yini lena kwaba. Ngosizo lwawo, ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma akhona ukubukeka indoda.