Harmonic oscillator: izinhlobo nokusetshenziswa

intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe Kwenziwa ngokutadisha imihlola ngokomzimba, okutholakele ensimini quantum kanye nakweminye imikhakha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuziqambela amadivayisi amasha nezinye izinsimbi, lapho kungenzeka ukuba afeze izifundo ezihlukahlukene nokuchaza imihlola we microworld. Omunye indlela esinjalo oscillator harmonic, isimiso of senzo njengoba abamele yamandulo ezaziwayo.

Idivayisi nezinhlobo zayo

Oscillator Harmonic - uhlelo mechanical ukuthi siyahamba, elichazwa by i equation we lwento umehluko okuza nge value njalo. Izibonelo elula amadivayisi ezinjalo - umthwalo entwasahlobo, pendulum uhlelo Acoustic, ukunyakaza zilwane yamangqamuzana nabanye.

Ngokwemibandela ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo amadivayisi:

• A oscillator elula harmonic - lapha ohlelweni lapho asuswe esikhundleni lonke ngaphansi isenzo amabutho F, okungase esashiwo ifomula F = -kx, lapho k - entwasahlobo njalo kohlelo, x - offset. Kulokhu F iyona ingxenye esithinta oscillations.
• Ukuthuthukiswa oscillator harmonic - lapha ezinyakazayo ungaphakathi indiza kanye SOBALA DLELA. Futhi, lesi simiso ibizwa ngokuthi oscillations eyodwa-ntathu kuzothathwa isenzo athi nokunwebeka nemvelo.
• Ezibolile imodeli - lapha ohlelweni sithinta ibutho friction, okuyinto sibhekiswe tenhlangano isenzo ngokulingana ijubane kunyakaza. Kule nqubo Damping ngokuvamile elinesimo ipharamitha abangenalo ezinobukhulu ngokuthi Q isici. Lokhu inani impahla ohlelweni ukuthi inquma ratio amandla agcinwe ukuze ukulahlekelwa kwayo kwelinye isikhathi oscillation.

Ukusebenzisa idivayisi

Le divayisi isetshenziselwa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ikakhulu sokutadisha ubunjalo oscillatory izinhlelo. I quantum oscillator harmonic elisetshenziswa ekutadisheni ukuziphatha izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya izakhi. Imiphumela zokuhlolwa ingasetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ngakho, izazi sesayensi yemvelo kusukela American Institute yathola ukuthi ama-athomu beryllium elitholakala kude kahle esikhulu komunye nomunye, bangahlanganyela kuzinga quantum. Ukuziphatha elandayo lalezi zinhlobo like emizimbeni (zazifakwa amabhola) ku Macro, ezihambayo ngendlela fanekiso oscillator okuqhubekayo-okubuyisekayo harmonic. Beryllium ion, nakuba amabanga ezinkulu emzimbeni, ephansi amandla exchange amayunithi (Quanta). Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso ivumela ukukhuthaza IT-ubuchwepheshe, futhi inikeza ikhambi elisha emsebenzini wokukhiqiza imishini computer nangezinto zobuchwepheshe.

I oscillator harmonic isetshenziswa ahlola izingoma zomculo. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi izifundo spectroscopic. Kwatholakala ukuthi uhlelo esitebeleni kunazo laqanjwa abaculi amane (q). Futhi imisebenzi wesimanje lingama anharmonicity.