Hereford izinkomo: ikakhulukazi zizalela, okuqukethwe, izintengo izilwane ezisencane kanye zizalela

Nazo zonke izinkomo yenkomo cishe okungcono emhlabeni kuyinto Hereford izinkomo zohlobo, okuyinto yesibili kuphela ezimbalwa Aberdeen Angus, futhi ngisho nangalesosikhathi hhayi kuwo wonke amazwe: kukhona uthi sebekubeke uthanda Hereford. Futhi idwala ngempela azinake.

Umlando yokuzalanisa

Ukukhethwa lwaluqala IsiZulu County Gerefordshir ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 futhi ethwele impumelelo by phakathi nele-18. Okhokho balezi Hereford ukuzalela izinkomo wayenezinkomo zendawo, mncane impela futhi isetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi: njengokungaphelele bese inyama yobisi. Inhloso Ukukhetha yayiwukuwenza isisindo abantu ukusheshisa nokuvuthwa yabo (kwenyuke earliness) kanye Ukushintsha ama okubhekwe kuphela inyama. zizalela Imiphumela aba yimpumelelo kangangokuba kusukela 1846 kukhona kwezinhlobo studbook, futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 sase sisakazekele cishe emhlabeni wonke. Esikhathini 30s kwekhulu lama-20 Hereford kwangena e-USSR.

yangaphandle Hereford

Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zohlobo kuyinto suit obomvu ne izinkomo ezimhlophe ekhanda. Futhi Bald ngocansi ngisho nalapho wawela kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Isisu, esifubeni ephansi, ibhulashi ezimhlophe kakhulu phezu umsila. I izimpawu zalesi umbala kukhona phezu nape kanye ehlombe. Uphondo ezimhlophe, kodwa amathiphu mnyama. Umthethosisekelo sinamandla, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho iluhlaza. buyabuna umugqa, emuva, lumbar futhi sacrum ngqo. Imilenze ebanzi ahluke futhi iDemo. Chest round, ezibanzi, nge dewlap evelele athuthukile. Abamele Hereford zohlobo izinkomo (isithombe ekhasini elilodwa) kukhona okukhulu futhi inkulu ngokwanele: kwesibeletho osukhulile unesisindo esingamathani angaba ngu-700 kg futhi iduna ngokuvamile ifinyelela isisindo tonne ngayinye.

Izinzuzo izici zohlobo

Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko lula zizalela izinkomo. Ziyakwazi undemanding ukondla, kusetshenziswa kakhulu khulula ziklabe emadlelweni, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho izinkomo bangidle wonke amakhambi, kuhlanganise ukhula, futhi lowo kubhekwa iluhlaza. Ngakho, Hereford izinkomo zohlobo ayidingi emadlelweni itshalwe ngokukhethekile.

Izinkomo zihlukaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu bempilo - engu-18, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka 15. Ukuze izinkomo impela eningi. Futhi ukuphila kwakhe konke, bona ukugcina ikhono nokuzala; izinga abasha angawi ezingadingekile esibelethweni yokuguga.

Hereford izinkomo libhekisela, amathole ezincane-fruited ie ozalwa elincane - mayelana 25 kg. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokuzala ngaphandle nobunzima futhi ngaphandle kosizo okwengeziwe kumuntu. Uma udoti legatsha otelochnom lishintshwa njalo futhi lomile, amathole cishe agule; iphile engamaphesenti acishe abe ngu-98. Nge isisindo kancane ekuqaleni impilo lamathole zikhula ngokushesha; ½ eminyakeni Dima sithole kuze kufinyelele 400 kg, futhi izinqamu zikagwayi - 430-450. Lokhu ngokunembile yokuvuthwa kuvusa zizalela izinkomo zohlobo.

Kufanele futhi uqaphele nezimo okusezingeni eliphezulu zohlobo, okuyinto ngokuphelele acclimated nanoma yisiphi isimo sezulu okuningi siyashisa noma siyabanda, kunokuba ngesiNgisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho amathole kalula ukubekezelela eqhubeka isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isisindo.

Ukuhoxa inyama phakathi ekuhlatshweni ezomhlaba 65%. Ngenxa yalokho okuqukethwe okuhle futhi iphesenti evamile Inkomba fattening ifinyelela 70. Plus inyama Hereford kukhona zemabula okuthiwa, okuyinto ephakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kungenxa zonke izinzuzo ukuthi Hereford inkomo, intengo yayo iphakeme kakhulu kunanoma kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.

Nokho, it has ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukuthi kungenzeka nemibi kubhekwe. Hereford izinkomo liyisici esibalulekile okufanele kunakwe lapho sinquma ku zizalela yayo. kwesibeletho Malomolochny ukuze ayikwazi milked. Ngakho-ke, amathole agcinwa ku osancela izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili.

Ukwakhiwa izinqolobane kwabesifazane kanye namathole

Kungcono ukwenza kokubili okuxekethile izindlu ingobo ezindaweni khulula ebanga. Ngokwakhe waletha ahlome ipherimitha insiza ehlukile nabesifazane nge amathole, ezibekwe maphakathi abaphuza nge esebenza ngogesi. Kuyadingeka izonikezwa ezibaya, okuzokwenza ukondla amathole etshalwa. Esikhathini kude ukuphela itheku esibayeni ahlelwe womama lesigceme lapho suckler izinkomo zidluliselwa ku izinsukwana ngaphambi ngokuzala amankonyane. Lapho bayohlabela khona ukuchitha ngesonto lokuqala emva kwalo. Imibandela esiyinhloko esibayeni imishini ngokugcina nabesifazane nge amathole: nokuhlanzeka, ukungabi okuvezwayo udoti yomile. Amalahle ngisho ebusika nokhahlo akufanele kube ngokweqile: abadala ngempela eziqinile, namathole, lapho umnkantsha, wangcwatshwa hay.

Umehluko abakhiqizi Ukudla, "Ubuhlengikazi" nelamathole

Manje siphawula ukuthi ekuhlatshweni Izinkomo zidla utshani obomisiwe ezivamile exutshwe usawoti nebhali izinhlayiya zeqhwa. Ukuze lactating izinkomo Ukudla kufanele kube acebile kakhulu futhi ihlukahluke: roughage - akukho kuka 45% of the silage - mayelana 25, futhi okungenani u-20% ugxilisa. Kunezelwa ukuze ondle futhi yokudla: bone kokudla ne phosphate (diammonium, tricalcium njll). Bulls-abakhiqizi ukubeka wokudla ezinhle futhi hay imidumba, ukudla ocebile futhi sigxile. Amathole ukufika ezinyangeni ezintathu ayinhloko ubisi izindleko webele, kodwa amasonto 2-3 ungakwazi ukunikeza hay. Inkonyane, safinyelela ku-200 kg (isilinganiso uyahamba kuya kwezingu-8 ubudala, kodwa kukhona izimo lapho inkonyane okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, ikhula ngesisindo kangaka) isehlane ezingadingekile esibelethweni - ngakho-ke kuyoba ngokushesha ukuvuthwa, futhi umthamo wayo zokuzala kuyoba ephakeme.

Singasho ukuthi ngenxa ukutshalwa ayadingeka ukuze yokuzalanisa Hereford inkomo, intengo salo ephansi kakhulu kunalokho kungaba.

Ukuthenga Hereford

It uhlala ukubalula ukuthi kubiza malini Hereford izinkomo zohlobo. Intengo lamathole ezingakalayishelwa zaqhamuka ziphuma kule age nosancela, ngempela ongaphakeme - ruble 130 kilogram of lozalo izinkomo 115 ngalinye - senzelwe lokuhlaba. Ngokuzalanisa izinkomo, kokulunyulwa, lihunyushelwe jikelele amandla uhlelo futhi alungele imisebenzi zokuzala, kungadla ruble ikhilogremu ngayinye 300. Inkomo, kuletha okungenani kabili inzalo high quality, kulinganiselwa kudala njengoba ruble 500. amakhilogramu esisindo ngayinye.