Humerus

Amathambo kwebhande ehlombe - isisekelo esiqinile imisipha eminingi, imisipha kanye nemisipha. Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi esitho yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi - ukunyakaza abantu, ikhono ukwenza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomsebenzi. Ukuze kwakulwiwa eziphambili kakhulu futhi zisebenza kahle, udinga ngempela olunzulu ithambo base nezihlanganiso eqinile.

Nature uye walungiselela konke indoda, ngakho-elingenhla ibhande ehlombe siqukethe scapula, clavicle, humerus, ulna kanye engaba, kanye amathambo elincane umshanelo. Ngenxa yalokho, bonke ngalokhu okungu ithambo imisipha benzelwe, kanjalo ukuthi isandla uyakwazi ukuhamba.

Humerus - omunye ithambo elikhulu futhi enkulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu. Siqukethe diaphysis noma ijabulise amathambo omzimba ezimbili epiphysis, okuyizinto evele ngokuhlanganyela.

Uma ubhekene elakheke ezinjalo imfundo, singabona kanjani ezisebenza wacabanga ngale ithambo.

Njenganoma iyiphi indawo, kusukela humerus has endaweni ababuthakathaka - entanyeni kuhlinzwa, lokhu lapho ithambo ahlahlele kaningi. Nokho, Uhlaka kwemisipha yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi uma usebenzisa lokhu lapho ephansi kakhulu yemisipha inyuka, kanjalo ukuvikela ithambo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, humerus has ziboya eziningana, noma uhlevane, ukuze zazo unamathisele imisipha elikhulu ehlombe. Kusukela projection ukunweba emikhulu noma iphakama, phakathi lapho inkatho intertubercular - kule ndawo kukhona okunamathiselwe we umsipha we biceps.

Esikhathini epiphysis aphansi ezimbili condyle, nangaphezulu kubo ababili epicondyle - kubuye uhlobo lamachubu bony, eziyingxenye joint indololwane. Lapha kukhona imigodi emibili - ulnar kanye umqhele, zingabantu ezidingekile ayazika yangokwesiko izinqubo we ulna kanye engaba.

Humerus - isakhiwo kunalokho eyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezu umsebenzi ukwesekwa bazocula futhi eziningi kwabanye. Ngokwesibonelo, hematopoietic. Njengoba wazi, wonke amathambo eside kukhona izitho zomzimba ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Ithambo cancellous kuyinto obomvu umnkantsha, owenza lo msebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithambo cancellous uyakwazi ukukhiqiza izinto ezithinta namasosha omzimba futhi igazi ekunqandeni.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubukhulu futhi ubukhulu wethambo ngesikhathi umuntu ngamunye eyedwa. Lokhu kuncike ukuphakama, inani angenayo nezakhi nezici ezithile sitholwa njengefa. Ngokuvamile ubhekene nesimo lapho iziguli fragility anda brittleness lamathambo ngenxa calcium ukuntula nezinye micronutrients. Le nqubo zingase zimiswe ngisho utero.

Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu ehlombe ngokuvamile zenzeka abasha izingane zesikole kanye nabantu asebekhulile. Lokhu kungenxa indlela yokuphila ezweni elalikade futhi ukwehla amandla bokuphila esimweni sesibili.

Humerus ukwa ehlala endaweni umpofu - emkhakheni entanyeni kuhlinzwa, kodwa kukhona nezinye izinketho for waphuka. Izingane - ukwa subperiosteal yohlobo "amagatsha oluhlaza", kanye nabantu abadala dengwane waphuka.

Ngo ukulesi simo, isiguli akudingeki anakekele.

izindlela eziningana engenziwa osteosynthesis we humerus. Kukhona ekhethekile apharathasi Ilizarov, elenza kukwazeke bonyana batshidze izingcezwana ekhona. Ukwethulwa kwe spokes kungaba kwenziwe ngokuphelele kunoma yiliphi izinga eduze namalunga. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi iyisingeniso we spokes ngowesithathu eliphezulu ehlombe phezu kwangaphakathi (esifundeni axillary) njengoba iletha kabi ngokuphazamisa isiguli, ngakho izinaliti zifakwa emkhakheni X okwenyanga.

Ukuze sihlanganise kakhulu ngokunembile izingcezwana, kungenzeka ukuba asebenzise indlela traction lwamathambo phambi ukuqondisa idivayisi.

Trauma ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amapuleti ekhethekile nezikulufi for nenkanuko edlulele we humerus, uma lesion akuyona likhulu kakhulu futhi nenombolo imvuthuluka akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 3-4 izicucu.