I-Cancer (isilwane): isakhiwo nendawo yokuhlala

I-Cancer yisilwane sekilasi le-crustacean. Kunzima ukucabanga indawo lapho kungekho khona umninimzi wezinsipho ezinamandla. Futhi yeka ukuthi igeyimu ingaba kanjani ukuzingela i-crayfish! Cha, akusiyo ngokudoba kwe-banal ngosizo lwe-"lololovok ", sikhuluma ngokulwa kwangempela, ngalunye. Uma uphishekela ama-beetle ephunyukayo avela kuwe (futhi inkulumo ephathelene nokuvilaphaza nokuvilaphaza kwama-crayfish avelaphi?), Futhi manje, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuyithatha, isheshe ilahleke emgodini ... Injabulo yokuxosha, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngengozi , Beka isandla sakho lapho, futhi nangu-umzuzu weqiniso! Ngifuna ukumemeza ebuhlungu, kodwa awukwazi ... kodwa umdlavuza unamathele ngokubamba imifino ngeminwe yecala. Umgomo utholakele - isisulu esigodini, kodwa obamba obani, kusadingeka ukuba akuthole. Nokho, sithathwe kancane, ngoba akudingeki uqale ngalokhu. Okokuqala ake sikhulume ukuthi ngubani umdlavuza, yiziphi izici zayo. Ngakho, kulesi sihloko sizobuka izingxenye zomzimba wamaCroatia, indlela yabo yokuphila, kahle, endleleni - imikhuba.

Masikhumbule izifundo zezilwane: isakhiwo se-arthropods

I-Cancer yi-invertebrate yezilwane, umzimba wayo uhlukaniswe ngokucacile waba yingxenye yangaphambili - i-cephalothorax ehlanganisiwe, ehlanganiswe igobolondo elihlaza-oluhlaza futhi eliqinile kakhulu; Futhi i-posterior-articulate esiswini, ukuphela nge-end. Ekhanda lakhe kukhona amabilidi ama-mustaches. Okwesibili sokuqala yizitho zephunga. Owesibini, amadevu amade, obhekene nomqondo wokuthinta. Amehlo omdlavuza, njengokungathi, atshalwe emahlumela-amahlumela, angadonselwa ngaphandle aphinde adonwe nge-musculature. Ngenhla, izitho zombono zihlanganiswa nezinqubo eziphambene nomgogodla, okwenza umkhawulo wangaphambili we-cephalothorax carapace. Umgqa womlomo ugoqwe ngamapayipi amaningana amajamo wezinhlayiya zesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ukudla kusemhlabathini ngaphambi kokungena emlonyeni. Ingxenye engezansi ye-cephalothorax inezinhlangothi ezimbili ezinamalungu. Eyokuqala yalezi zihluthulelo ezinkulu. Ngosizo lwabo, umdlavuza ugcina ukudla phambi kwakho, futhi uvikela ezitheni. Ama-claws awasetshenziswanga ukuhamba. Umdlavuza ushukunyiswa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi imilenze yokuhamba (eminye imibhangqwana emine). Imikhawulo yezimbili zokuqala nezibili ziqukethe izihluthulelo ezikhohlakeleyo, futhi isiphetho sesithathu nesine sinamahlumela.

Futhi yini abanayo ngaphakathi?

Ukwakhiwa kwangaphakathi kwama-crustaceans kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezilandelayo: ukugaya, ukujikeleza, ukuphefumula, ukuxuba. Owokuqala wabo ubonakala njengethubhu eliqondile futhi, njengamanye ama-arthropods, anesigca esingaphakathi, esaphakathi nesikhombandlela se-ectodermal. Uhlelo lwe-circulatory ku-crayfish luwuhlobo olungavaliwe, okungukuthi, i-hemolymph igeleza ngokusebenzisa izoni nezitsha ze-myxocel. Inhliziyo ikhona ngaphezu kwamathumbu, engxenyeni ye-dorsal. Uhlelo lokuphefumula kwama-crustaceans luboniswa yizigulane ezifakwe emgodini okhethekile ngaphansi kwe-carapace. Zihlelwe ngemigqa emithathu. Uhlelo lwe-excretory lumelelwa izinso, eziguqulwa ngokuhlanganyela kwe-sub-modules. I-Cancer yisilwane esino-musculature esiyisigqabha semisipha esithintekayo. Awunayo i-musculocutaneous sac, imisipha imelelwe izibopho ezinkulu ezihlukene.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngokocansi

Ama-Crustaceans abesilisa nabesilisa abancane ahlukene ngokuma komzimba. Isibonelo, abesilisa banezigqoko ezinkulu nezinamandla, isisu sabo ngobubanzi sifana ne-cephalothorax, imilenze yangasese yangaphakathi isathuthuka kahle. Izinsikazi zinamahlumela amancane, isisu sabo sincane kakhulu kune-cephalothorax, kanti imilenze yangaphambili ayinakuthuthukiswa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungezwani kubonakala kuphela emehlweni iso. Umuntu oqonda ama-crustaceans kuphela kusukela ekubukeni kwe-gastronomic, akunakwenzeka ukuthi akwazi ukuhlukanisa owesilisa ovela kumfazi.

"Izikhali ziqinile futhi amathangi ethu ashesha"

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umdlavuza uyisilwane esingenayo imvelo, kodwa sinomuthi oqinile we-tissinous exoskeleton. Igobolondo layo elihlala isikhathi eside linikeza ukuvikeleka okunokwethenjelwa ngokumelene nezitha, kodwa kuvimbela umdlavuza ekuthuthukiseni nasekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwawo. Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-crustaceans alahla ikhava enzima (le nqubo ingafaniswa nokukhipha). Ngenkathazo enkulu, isilwane siyadonsa imilenze yaso bese igxuma ngaphandle kwegobolondo, kuvele kwenzeke ukuthi ivela, kepha izitho ezilahlekile zikhula futhi. Iqiniso, ngenkathi ihluke ngobukhulu nokubukeka. Ukukhishwa kwegobolondo kuvela emaminithini ambalwa kuya osukwini olugcwele. Ngemuva kwalokho, umdlavuza uba ongenasici futhi ufihla izitha eziningi. Ngesikhathi umzimba wakhe ugcwele isikhumba esithambile, isilwane sikhula ngokujulile. Ukuphulukiswa kwegobolondo kuqhutshwa phakathi nenyanga nengxenye. Ukuxuba emdlavuza omusha kwenzeka kaningi kunabantu abadala.

Izimo zokuhlala

Ama-Crustaceans ahlala ikakhulukazi endaweni engasogwini, lapho ekwazi khona ukujula kwamamitha amathathu kuya kwamatshumi amahlanu. Awakhiwe izindawo zokuhlala eziqhubekayo, zigxila ezindaweni eziseduze namabhange anesimo esiphezulu, ezinamatshe acwebezelayo, ama-silty, i-peaty noma enhlabathi, lapho kulula khona ukumba imishayo. Amanqamu azwela kakhulu izinga lemanzi, kanye nenani le-oksijini eliqedwa kuyo. Uma echibini lingcolile ngemifucumfucu yezimboni kanye nezimboni zezinambuzane zezolimo (ukubulala udoti, izinambuzane, njll), ama-crustaceans ayanyamalala emanzini anjalo.

Izinhlobo zama-crustaceans

Ezweni lakithi kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-crayfish egcwele isikhumba, esinezinwele ezikhuni futhi ezinamanzi. Njengoba amagama abo abonisa, zonke ziyahlukahluka kuphela esakhiweni sensimbi. Okuvame kakhulu yi-crustaceans ende. Abantu balesi silwane emzimbeni wamanzi ahlukene bangase bahluke kancane kwi-biology noma ngesakhiwo somzimba. Ngokuvamile endaweni eyodwa yamanzi kuphela abameleli bezinhlobo ezifanayo abahlala kuzo, kodwa kungenzeka kube khona. Ama-crayfish asakazeke kakhulu atholakala emanzini amasha emifudlana kanye nemifudlana, kanye namachibi ahlanzekile. Lezi zinhlobo ze-decapod crustaceans ihlela amakoloni-izindawo zokuhlala emabhange amancane nezintaba. I-Tolstopalye i-crayfish, ngokuphambene nalokho, cishe ayihlali emzimbeni wamanzi ahlanzekile, bakhetha amanzi okukhwabanisa ama-estuaries nezindawo ezingasetshenziselwa izilwandle. Ama-Crustaceans ahlala isikhathi eside abahlali bezimbili zomzimba ezinama-brackish namanzi ahlanzekile, azidingi kakhulu imvelo, ngakho zivame kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ngisho nasemanzini aphelile futhi aqukethe oksijeni ephansi kakhulu. Njengezindawo zokukhosela, laba abameleli be-arthropods basebenzisa ukuthungatha phakathi kwamatshe, ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezishisiwe, phakathi kwezimpande neziqu zezitshalo zamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukungena emdakeni, ngaleyo ndlela zihluke kubafowabo abanzi behlombe.