I kwezomnotho ukusetshenziswa Yelena River. emifuleni imikhumbi Russia: incazelo emfushane, isithombe

ERussia, iningi amanzi ageleza - emifuleni imikhumbi. Omunye wabo - ULena. Ezweni simo ezinhlwini 10 ubude futhi 8 - kwi acebile. Odabula esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, Yakutia, eKhabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk kanye Trans-iBaikal Territory, lase-Amur Isifunda kanye Buryatia. Cishe sekuyihora kakhulu emfuleni ezinkulu Russia; is lonke pool yakhe esisogwini Insimu Russian Federation. Ubude 4 th. Km. Kuvulwe kusukela engenhla sifinyelela ephansi, yiqhwa kule oda reverse. Powered ngokusebenzisa imvula amanzi kwancibilika.

Umthombo nomlomo

Izimpawu emfuleni Yelena iqala ngengxoxo kwayo futhi ekupheleni - umthombo nomlomo.

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke emfuleni eSiberia avela ixhaphozi encane, esisogwini iBaikal Mountains. It is ngokusemthethweni kubhekwe ukuba umthombo. Its obuphelele okungukuthi 300 km. Indawo encane ezindaweni zayo hlala emahlathini kaphayini, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kutholakala asemaqeleni, hlathi linobukhulu obuphindwe ethe xaxa. Woodlands kungabonwa endaweni engamamitha 1400 m. Lapha, emlanjeni lincane ngokwanele.

Esikhathini sifinyelela phakathi, etholakala kule ndawo phakathi Aldan futhi Vitim (nemingenela we Yelena), yandisa wamanzi, ukhula ube umfula ezijulile, okuyinto ifinyelela ka 20 m ukujula. Ngemva confluence ne Vilyuya sikhule size sibe ukusakaza enkulu ngokwanele. Lapha, ububanzi okungukuthi ezingaphezu kuka-10 km (kwezinye izindawo sibalo okungukuthi kathathu).

Esikhathini aphansi sifinyelela esilazayo ngokusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene amagquma emikhulu, ke notshwala zibe Laptev Sea, esemgwaqweni enyakatho eSiberia futhi ngokuthi behlonipha abazalwane Khariton futhi Dmitry Laptev. Isimo sezulu okungukuthi nokhahlo phezu kolwandle: ke okungukuthi njalo yizinga iqhwa (ngaphandle Agasti no Septhemba).

emfuleni geography

Ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho esisempumalanga yoMfula Yelena ngokwezinga elikhulu kuncike ezicini womhlaba. Flow Ubude ayizinkulungwane 4 amakhilomitha. Ngu esezansi uhlukaniswe ezizindeni ezintathu ezahlukene:

• Okokuqala, kusukela yomthombo kuya Vitim.
• Okwesibili, kusukela Vitim ukuze Aldan.
• Okwesithathu, kusukela Aldan kuya oLwandle Laptev.

Eduze umthombo Yelena River, okuyinto amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka echibini, indlwana encane, ukhange izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke izwe yakhiwa kuleli ngasekupheleni '90s.

Esigabeni sesibili ubude ukugeleza komfula kuyinto 1415 km. Konke itholakala e Yakutia. Joyina i-Vitim Yelena ekwandiseni insimu yalo. Lapha ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana eziningi eziqhingini ezincane, abanye amaminerali misela. Valley lakhuphuka lafika ku-25 km. Kwesobunxele eyehlelayo futhi kwesokudla - steeper nangaphezulu. Lapha emahlathini bangamaRoma coniferous, ukusakaza izimfunda. Kundawo Pokrovsk ngoba azinze, ijubane ingeqi 1.2 m / s.

River iba omkhulu esigabeni sesithathu. ububanzi engaphezu kwengu-20 km, ukujula -. 20 m Delta futhi iqala km 140 nje kusukela oLwandle Laptev.

Hydrology. Izimpawu emfuleni

ULena endaweni kuphela lapho kungenzeka kukhishwe namaminerali. Kube has izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele.

Isici yalesi ukusakaza aqueous ingashiwo ukuthi entwasahlobo izikhukhula ezadala umonakalo kwenzeka, ngokuvamile eside. It feeds emfuleni incibilikiswa nemvula amanzi, okungenani - phansi. On emfuleni, futhi zenzeka njalo nezikhukhula namanzi aphansi.

Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho lomfula Yelena kuncike ngokuqondile ku umbuso kwamanzi, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi ububonisa lapha akuwona isandla engcono.

Ngo-1986 yena waba esiphezulu namuhla ukugeleza komfula: 402 km ^3. Okwamanje, leli nani liye lehla ngamaphesenti izikhathi eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo kuyahlukahluka ngaphansi kwethonya umsebenzi solar, ikakhulukazi, nemijikelezo yawo.

izimo Ice kuphazamise ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho lomfula. Kube ngokuvamile kuphakama ice sezimoto, futhi unamandla ngokwanele futhi obukhulu. Ikakhulukazi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, entwasahlobo ncibilika Ugcwalise enkulu ezindaweni.

ingqalasizinda

Yelena River Map zonke izindawo imikhumbi, ngoba - amanzi umfula oyinhloko Yakutia. Lokho ngentambo oluhlanganisa esifundeni yezwe nomakhelwane balo. Northern ukulethwa Kwenziwa ncamashi ngokuvumelana ULena.

Kachug - engxenyeni yokuqala imikhumbi, kodwa abe ngaphezu kwesigqila nje-ke phezu komfula kukhona izitsha ezincane kuphela. Ngenxa nje kwamanzi angajulile aleli futhi yingozi iphendula amanzi agelezayo ensimini ka Ust-Kut ukuze Vitim inflow isetshenziswa kancane. Kuyinto ngezindlela eziningi ukusetshenziswa ezinzima zomnotho esisempumalanga yoMfula ULena. Njalo ngonyaka kuthiwa Dredging.

Ngaphandle nezimbobo eziningana esisogwini amabhuloho ukugeleza. It is futhi ehlela ukwakhiwa kojantshi yokuwela ekhethekile lula ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho komfula

Yelena unika amanzi ezindaweni zayo elisoGwini wachichima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yakhelwe lokudoba. Ngenxa yokuthi azikho amadamu, inhlanzi eveza esihle. Sturgeon iyona edume kunayo izilwane ezingavamile zasolwandle lapha. Ngasekuqaleni kwaleli izinhlanzi ukudla ekhula 2 amamitha, kodwa komyanga isimo kwemvelo labantu nepepper. Ngaphezu Sturgeon Yelena bukhoma nezinye, ingabi yigugu zilwane.

Ukudoba - kuphela ukusetshenziswa labantu emfuleni. Isimo akuyona eyakha phezu kwalo, emifula amadamu, ngakho main injongo yawo emva kwebanga angabizwa ngokuthi kuphela ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla.

emifuleni imikhumbi yezwe

Imephu River uLena, yebo, umxhwele. Its usayizi intando ikhefu akekho ngabandayo. Nokho, lokhu akukhona amanzi ukugeleza kuphela Russian Federation, okuvumela izinkantolo ukuhambisa.

Futhi ngenkathi lonke izwe okungukuthi ngezinye izikhathi wawungathi ebukhali ukuntuleka kwamanzi ezokuthutha, ke okungukuthi olungisiwe 146.000 amakhilomitha kwemigwaqo.

emifuleni Russian imikhumbi ayahlakazeka kulo lonkhe live letfu enkulukazi. Chief phakathi kwalezi umcengezi iVolga-Kama. Lapha, amanzi zithutha izinto okusanhlamvu, amafutha ukwakhiwa.

I obaluleke kakhulu imithambo yilezi:

• IVolga. Umfula elikhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu. It has mayelana 200 nemingenela. It esetshenziswa okubala ekwakha igezi.

• Kama. The enhle kakhulu Russian River. Uvame wahlabelela evesini izimbongi, lidlule ke, futhi imidwebo abaculi ezifana izikhwama, Shishkin nabanye.

• Oka. It liqala Central Russian upland kanye notshwala zibe iVolga. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke owumthelela yayo.

• Don. Ekuqaleni, kwaba umthombo Ivan Lake, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yashintshwa ukuze Urvanku, ngenxa lemali elincane lamanzi. Okwamanje, umthombo wokuqala Don alikho, endaweni yayo bakha ichibi.

Inkinga eyinhloko ULena isimo salo semvelo. It siya siba sibi kakhulu njalo ngonyaka, okuyinto ebambezela ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho elilungile. Ngokwezinga elikhulu ngokwezinga ukungcola kuthinta isimo sezulu, imfucuza amanzi ukuxoshwa kanye ukunyakaza ahlukahlukene ezokuthutha. Uma uhulumeni waseRussia ngeke ukuxazulula inkinga ke emva kweminyaka embalwa abantu ziyolahlekelwa umthombo amanzi okuphuza.