Yiziphi izithako kasimende?

Usimende - omunye zokwakha eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa kule ndawo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ukwakheka usimende kuhlanganisa eziningi izinto wezinto okuyinto nabo amanzi yakha isixazululo okuthiwa. Nge uhla izimfanelo ezithile emzimbeni, uma sezomile ikhambi Uqinisa.

Usimende ikhiqizwa ngezindlela eziningana, kodwa iningi lawo ukusetshenziswa ezimbili eziyinhloko: nesasehlobo. ukukhiqizwa Ezazimzungezile - inqubo ngempela eqolo namandla kakhulu. Sludge okuthiwa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni selulayisheke ibe kuhhavini ekhethekile, bese sintering le clinker. Phakathi senqubo yokukhiqiza somlilo njalo ezijikisiwe, ukuze clinker kuba nombala okuxubile. Lokhu kuvumela ingxube eyohlobo ngaphezulu futhi ngokulinganayo kwancibilika.

Ukwakheka usimende kuhlanganisiwe yensimbi oxide. It inomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ku-nekhwalithi isiyonke okuholela usimende ingxube. Kuqinise eliphezulu kakhulu - nensimbi oxide okuqukethwe mayelana 10%. Ngalesi isilinganiso oxides ibe nomphumela omuhle kakhulu namaminerali kumiswa. Nokho, bonke nesilinganiso esifanele, ngakho ukwandisa inani yensimbi oxide e usimende sinciphile izinga yayo jikelele.
Umkhawulo izinga ovumelekile kubhekwa 25% yensimbi oxide. Njengoba wazi, usimende liyasetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe noma ukwakheka izakhiwo ukushisa ukumelana futhi izakhiwo. Kulokhu, khona yensimbi oxides akwamukeleki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani yensimbi kunomthelela oqonde ngqo ku umbala usimende: le esithe ukuba lula ngayo, kuyancipha iphesenti izithasiselo. usimende Gray, ngokuphambene, has e oyiyo okuqukethwe eliphakeme yensimbi oxides.

Uma okunye ukuqaqa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali usimende, kungenzeka ukuthola futhi alumina. Inani elikhulu alumina eziqukethwe Ukwakheka usimende, ulunika izakhiwo ukushisa ukumelana. Qualitatively, okuqukethwe usimende efana imayelana 60%.

Ngaphezu kwalezi oxides, laqanjwa usimende kuhlanganisa calcium oxides, i-silicon magnesium. abakhiqizi Usimende ukukhuthalele elwa ukuze imikhiqizo yabo musa aqukethe oxide chromium, esiwumfanekiso metal asebenzayo futhi uzoqala engathandeki zamakhemikhali.

Kuye ukubunjwa usimende, ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo kokuba ezahlukene Izakhiwo: gipsoshlakovy, kulungiselelwa okusheshayo, umlotha, alumina, gipsoglinozemisty futhi amanzi.

Ukwakheka usimende ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zalo engeza izithasiselo ehlukahlukene asebenzayo amaminerali. Ziyakwazi umsuka bokuzenzela noma ezingokwemvelo. Izithasiselo in usimende ulunika izakhiwo ezahlukene: ngcono workability futhi ukwanda inzuzo, ngcono scalability, ukunciphisa ukuncipha, plasticity futhi siguqula kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo kwalokho lezi izinto kunomthelela ukuqina kanye namandla kasimende slurries.

Izithasiselo in usimende kungukuthi kuphela esetshenziswa ukuze sithuthukise ezinye izindawo zayo ezithile emzimbeni, kodwa futhi ukushintsha, isibonelo, umbala. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, ungasebenzisa upende njalo.