Idlala Pharyngeal. Hypertrophy we idlala pharyngeal

Amalaka - okwakheke lymph elise ikakhulukazi emlonyeni. Ngokuqinisekile uke wezwa lezi zakhiwo, kodwa bangase bangakwazi imisebenzi ebalulekile eziyenzayo. Ngeshwa, njengazo zonke ezinye izitho, amalaka ukungenwa izifo nezinye izifo.

Ngokwemvelo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimpawu ahambisana izifo ezithize. Kusukela entweni enkulu kunazo zonke kuyinto pharyngeal amygdala (wabhekisela kwezokwelapha njengoba nasopharyngeal), kuyinto yokuqala ukucabangela ukugeleza izici pathologies ezehlukene ngokunembile kule isakhiwo.

idlala Pharyngeal: isakhiwo kanye nolwazi jikelele

Okokuqala, ake sithi ukuthi indandatho pharyngeal siqukethe alimondi eziyisithupha (baze babe izinombolo zabo). Izakhiwo ngokwabo amelela yinhlanganisela ye-lymph izicubu okweqanda. Abakwazi ukubhanqwa futhi ayibhangqiwe.

• amalaka LasePalatine (I neyesi-II) zitholakala kule okuthiwa niches tonsillar ezinhlangothini ithebhu elenga esibhakabhakeni. Ngesimo ziyafana nati alimondi. Kaningi kwezokwelapha, lezi zakhiwo avele ngaphansi kwegama "nezindlala". Yisishiso siyimbangela zonke emphinjeni owaziwa obukhulu kanye namathansela.
• idlala Pharyngeal (isithombe cm. Ngenhla), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-nasopharyngeal idlala izibhamu (III). Ukwakheka elise cishe ku ophahleni pharynx, futhi bangazihluphi i ingxenye engenhla udonga lwangemuva nasopharynx. Kubukeka sengathi ambalwa transversely ngokufanele ophumile emphethweni mucosal uphahlwe epithelium ciliated.
• I idlala lingual (IV), sise impande olimi, lapho inkatho uhlukanisa isakhiwo phakathi halves ezimbili. I amygdala has a ebusweni esingemnandi, crypts futhi engajulile ezansi lapho uvula Amapayipi salivary. Isakhiwo limbozwa multilayer epithelium flat.
• amygdala Tubular (V futhi VI) kukhona izakhiwo kulencane zitholakala eduze ukuvuleka pharyngeal tube Eustachian.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-izicubu amalaka kanye pharynx, kukhona zokwakheka ezincane ze-lymph. Zonke ngokuhlangana akha limfoepitelialnogo iyunithi, umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu ukuvikela umzimba kusuka umthelela izici ezingezinhle.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko amalaka

Amygdala - ingxenye izivikeli mzimba, kanye lymph node, ubende, neminye imakhiwo. Ngakho, imisebenzi eyisisekelo kuleli cala kukhona hematopoiesis nokuvikelwa umzimba.

egazi ukunikeza amasosha omzimba humoral - isb, ama-lymphocyte akhiqizwa lymph idlala izicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liqukethe inqwaba macrophage ukuthi unekhono ukuncela futhi iwukudambisa antigen ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise izinhlayiya viral noma amaseli virus.

Futhi amalaka lymphocyte amaseli liseduze kakhulu le epithelium ebusweni. Kwezinye amasayithi izicubu umncane ukuze amaseli ukuza kwamanzi futhi amalaka, ngokulandelana, baphinde baxhumane ejenti ezahlukene alien.

Ukuvuvukala amalaka: Izimbangela

Adenoids - ukuvuvukala idlala pharyngeal. Njengomthetho, ifomu acute lesi sifo eba khona nezinye izifo zemigudu yokuphefumula nesifo lapho ukutheleleka lingena e-lymphoid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo ngokuvamile eba uma ocushiwe flora kunemibandela pathogenic we nasopharynx. Njengoba yaziwa, liqukethe omningi nezilwanyana ezincane virus. Kodwa ngenkathi inani labo lilawulwa izivikeli mzimba, ama-bacterium ayikwazi umonakalo omkhulu. Nokho, ne kuyadamba noma ukungasebenzi in the nezilwanyana ezincane mzimba ziqala ukuba ngenkuthalo ziyanda, okuyinto ngenxa yalokho kuholela ukuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala.

Ngeshwa, ukuvuvukala amalaka ngokuvamile ahlale ngaphandle ukunakwa ukwelashwa okufanele. izifo njalo kungaholela yokuthi izakhiwo lymph ngokwabo abe umthombo ukutheleleka ukuthi sandile kwezinye izitho, okubangela sinusitis, otitis, tracheobronchitis, nezinye izifo.

By the way, isifo esifanayo ngokuvamile kutholakala izingane. Ukuvuvukala idlala pharyngeal e abadala - isimo esiyingozi, ngoba lokho kungase kubangele ifomu okunzima angina retronazalnoy.

Lwasemtholampilo isithombe ukuvuvukala

Lesi sifo amalaka pharyngeal emabangeni kokuqala ungathi komkhuhlane. Okokuqala, izinga lokushisa emzimbeni liyaphuma futhi kukhona izimpawu zokudakwa, kuhlanganise imfiva, ukukhathala, umzimba ukuqaqamba, ikhanda. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukukhwehlela futhi okwesabisayo.

Njengoba isifo siqhubeka kukhona ubuhlungu ekhaleni ukujula efinyelela ngemuva ngalo ingaphakathi acinene. Kaningi, iziguli esekhala ubuhlungu ngemuva ekhanda. Ukuvuvukala ulwelwesi lwamafinyila zivame isetshenziswa rozemyullerovye fovea, okuyinto kuhambisana ubuhlungu ezindlebeni, ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa, ukuphazamiseka acinene ukuphefumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli esekhala umuzwa tickling nobuhlungu emphinjeni.

On luhlolo, uzophawula ekuqongeleleni isikhwehlela kule ekhaleni nomphimbo. Futhi, ukwenyuka kwezinga idlala pharyngeal. Uma uyikha phezulu le, kungabonwa uqwembe fibrous futhi sulcus ke kuvame ukugcwala a exudate ubovu. Ukwenyuka le nasentanyeni, emhlane nasemahlombe submandibular zamanzi. Ngo izinsana isifo kungase kuhambisane ekuhlaseleni Ukuphelelwa, njengasezulwini laryngitis.

Ifomu acute lesi sifo ihlala cishe 5-7 izinsuku. Ngeshwa, amathuba ngiwela ogibeni lwezidakamizwa, ngisho amaningi, eliphezulu kakhulu, okungaba luholele amafomu njalo lesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva ukuvuvukala ezinganeni ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa yezinkinga ezifana otitis, sinusitis, ukuhlulwa lacrimal, abscesses retropharyngeal, bronchopneumonia, laringotraheobronhity nezinye izifo umgudu.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo adenoids?

Isimiso ukwelashwa nge leso sifo kuncike ngezimo zesiguli futhi massiveness we ukuvuvukala. Phambi izilonda kungadinga asike izidumbu zabantu, kulandele ngenkasa amalungiselelo isinqandakuvunda.

Uma imbangela ukuvuvukala kuyinto kwegciwane (avame ke kunjalo), khona-ke isiguli ezinqunyiwe antibiotic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-edonsa izidakamizwa antihistamine ( "Tavegil", "Suprastin" futhi t. D.), Yikuphi ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa komzimba nezinto imithi futhi unciphise edema of ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, ngaleyo ndlela lula ukuphefumula, ukugwinya. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukusetshenziswa vasoconstrictor acinene amathonsi. amavesi acinene, udonga acinene nisela izixazululo isinqandakuvunda (isib isixazululo esiliva Protargolum, esiliva Colloid). Uma reception kungenzeka imfiva antipyretic izidakamizwa, izidakamizwa nonsteroidal eqeda ukuvuvukala (isb, "Nurofen", "Ibufen" "paracetamol").

ngezinye izikhathi ezinqunyiwe seziguli ezithola immunomodulators Ukuze ukusheshisa le nqubo zokuphulukisa. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba Vitamin kunesidingo. By the way, edonsa amavithamini nemithi ukuthi ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba (isib, "Aflubin"), kunconywa kabili ngonyaka ukuvimbela Ukuphinda.

Uma lesi sifo amalaka pharyngeal ukuthuthukisa ezinzima, ephelezelwa imfiva, ukwakheka ithumba, ezihlukahlukene yezinkinga ezidinga esibhedlela ingane. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukuqedwa ukuvuvukala futhi kulondolozwe amalaka. Nokho, kwezinye izimo kubalulekile ukuba kususwe kuhlinzwa.

Uyini hypertrophy we idlala pharyngeal? Ama ifotho, izimpawu komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane isifo

Ngaphezu ukuvuvukala, kunesinye isifo lalivamile. Ikakhulukazi, ezokwelapha zesimanje kaningi eqoshiwe pharyngeal idlala hypertrophy, okubonakala ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "adenoids".

Lesi sifo kuhambisana nokwanda okungamaphesenti (zokuzikhukhumeza) amalaka. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa kwezibalo, lesi sifo ngokuvamile kutholakala izingane ezineminyaka engu-3 kuya ku-14. Ngalesi sikhathi amygdala ivolumu incipha. Ngo abadala lesi sifo kuyaqabukela kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini.

Adenoids avele isakhiwo njengoba ezimise ngendlela engavamile, okuyinto kancane sifana cockscomb, njengoba ahlukaniswe zezinzwa izicubu septa ku iyizingxenye eziningana. Banezinhliziyo okhanyayo umbala pink futhi ukuthungwa esithambile. Ngokuvamile isifo ohlangothini ezindongeni pharynx phansi (lokhu hypertrophy futhi pharyngeal amalaka LasePalatine), futhi ngezinye izikhathi on kuvulwa tube sokuzwa.

Kukhona degrees ezintathu hypertrophy:

• Ngo lokuqala degree adenoid ihlanganisa cishe 1/3 ye-ngikwazi ukuqala.
• Hyperplasia amalaka pharyngeal 2 degrees uzwakalise - isakhiwo uvala cishe 2/3 of the ngikwazi ukuqala.
• Isigaba sesithathu lesi sifo libhekene Ukuvalwa ephelele nares posterior (ikhala yangaphakathi), okuyinto, ngokwemvelo, lugcwele izinkinga eziningi nge emishinini yokuphefumula.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu of hypertrophy

Empeleni, lo mshini izicubu Hyperplasia ka amalaka pharyngeal abaqondanga ngokuphelele. Izimbangela zezifo ezifana, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthola esimweni ngasinye. Noma kunjalo, ezokwelapha zesimanje wesiko ukuhlukanisa main ayeke ukunisa izici eziningana:

• Kukhona uhlobo yofuzo, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa izifo ezithile e isakhiwo nomsebenzi lymph kanye endocrine uhlelo.
• Kwandisa amathuba ukukhula adenoids sokukhulelwa eziyinkinga, nomshikashika zaphazamisa. Ngokwesibonelo, engcupheni kuchasiselwe ezimnandi hypoxia fetus, isifo viral, okuyinto wahlupheka nomama senyanga yokuqala sokukhulelwa, izidakamizwa ezinobuthi futhi imithi elwa namagciwane, lapho kwakufanele kuthathwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhuba wokuhlehlisa izinto yakha adenoids asphyxia kungadalwa ukuhlukumezeka nengane eziningana phakathi kwenqubo ebeletha.
• Ngokwemvelo, ukubaluleka kanye izici eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, isibonelo, ngabe ingane wayegula esewusana, futhi yini imithi ukuthatha, wawufana Ukudla, kungakhathaliseki Ukudla nezivimbelakuvunda womntwana, ukuthi wayesefile yini webele ezikhuluphalisiweyo, nokunye. D.
• imikhuhlane njalo nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane futhi kwandisa ingozi yokungenwa Hyperplasia.
• Pharyngeal idlala hypertrophy ngokuvamile ezinganeni abaphethwe komzimba (endleleni, ukuthambekela komzimba ngokwayo iyakufakazela ukuthi ukwehluleka wamasosha omzimba).

Ingabe kubaluleke kangakanani, nezinye izinto, kuhlanganise imvelo okungekuhle imvelo, ukudla okungenamsoco, yokuphila umzimba, nokunye. D. Ngokuvamile ukukhula adenoids is zishukunyiswa ezicini eziningana.

Yini iziyaluyalu kubangele adenoids? izimpawu

Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu zokugula kuhambisana eziningi ezinye izimpawu. Ukuthola umntwana (noma) ezinye zezimpawu, kungcono uye kudokotela uyofuna icebiso. Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo ingelapheka ngendlela olandelanayo ngaphezulu. Ngakho kubonakala sengathi isithombe emtholampilo?

• Esokuqala futhi isici kunazo uphawu - kufushane acinene ukuphefumula. Ingane uphefumula ngokuvamile kakhulu, nomlomo.
• Ngokuvamile, ubuthongo kuhambisana kwesifuba futhi snoring, ngezinye izikhathi ebusuku isiguli evuka ekuhlaseleni Ukuphelelwa.
• Isiguli njalo ekhathaza amakhala yisisu, futhi uketshezi acinene kukhona uhlamvu serous.
• Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhethwa njalo ligeleza ngemuva ekhaleni nomphimbo, ingane uhlushwa ukukhwehlela njalo.
• Njengoba lesi sifo kuqashelwe izinguquko izwi, hoarseness, Twang.
• Isiguli nge amalaka hypertrophic ekuthanda khona izifo ezihlukahlukene imigudu yokuphefumula, kuhlanganise umphimbo obuhlungu, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, inyumoniya, sinusitis.
• Ngokuvamile phakathi lezi zingane sezikhulile nezinkinga ukuzwa, njalo indlebe izifo, indlebe ukuminyana umuzwa.
• Ukuphazamiseka ukuphefumula kuholela ukuthuthukiswa hypoxia okungamahlalakhona, lapho ingqondo ongawamukeli-mpilo ngokwanele. Kukholakala ukuthi adenoids esikoleni kungaba imbangela ukwehlisa ukusebenza.
• Mayelana ukuhlukumeza ka acinene ukuphefumula zokugula ebonwe ingxenye ebusweni babo ukuthuthukiswa (in the case of ingane egulayo). Kwakheka malocclusion, umlomo njalo kancane evulekile, umhlathi ongezansi is yinde futhi ayisesemikhulu.
• Kungaphindze kube netikhatsi a ukusonteka kwesifuba (nge isikhathi eside lesi sifo). Ngenxa ezibonisa ukuthi uhogele thorax ukujula ongaphakeme isicaba ngisho zingase zithole ukuma lushone.
• Kwezinye izimo, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni futhi abanye iziyaluyalu ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, ezifana izinkinga ngesitulo, kwehle iphango.

izindlela zesimanje ekwelapheni adenoids

Uma odokotela luhlolo wathola ukuthi pharyngeal idlala kuyinto hypertrophied, imishanguzo inikezwa. Ngokwemvelo, kufanele ngangokunokwenzeka azame ukugcina isakhiwo lymph. Nokho, ukwelashwa ngoludala kungenzeka kuphela esigabeni sokuqala ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.

Ngokuvamile, iziguli kuyabekwa ethola antihistamine, ukusiza ukuqeda edema. Idinga ukusetshenziswa amathonsi acinene, kanye ngenkasa amavesi acinene futhi kususwa udonga lwangemuva izixazululo nasopharynx isinqandakuvunda. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala kancane amalaka kungase kudingeke ejenti eqeda ukuvuvukala futhi elwa namagciwane. Futhi nomthelela omuhle on isimo kanye ebusweni ukubhucungwa lesiguli for collar zone (ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile lwamathambo), ukuphefumula izivivinyo, ukubhucunga nokunyakazisa umzimba. Imiphumela emihle etholakale climatotherapy, okuyinto kuyehla kube iholidi njalo ezintabeni noma ogwini, kanye nokuvakasha izikhungo zezempilo ezikhethekile.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi khona adenoids zidinga ebhekiwe ngudokotela - ukuyohlolwa njalo kunesidingo, njengoba kunikeza ithuba ukwandisa isikhathi ukunquma usayizi amalaka.

Nokho, izinga lesibili nelesithathu kuyinkomba lokungenela kuhlinzwa. Resection we adenoids - inqubo lilula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ebuntwaneni ukususwa ingxenye izivikeli mzimba angase buthaka lo umzimba ozivikela ngayo. Futhi ngakho emva inqubo isikhathi esithile kudingeka eduze nokuqapha impilo yengane nokuziphatha zokwelapha njengoba kudingeka.

Okunye yezifo amalaka

Ukuvuvukala futhi Hyperplasia ka amalaka pharyngeal - izifo ezivame kakhulu, kodwa neze yibo kuphela. Kukhona futhi isifo esiyingozi futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, iziguli asebeqinile nasebekhulile (ebuntwaneni kuyinto ezingavamile ezifana) Ngezinye izikhathi kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini ithumba. Ukuvuvukala idlala pharyngeal e abadala ngezinye izikhathi zihambisana ukubukeka ithumba ne igobolondo. isifo okunjalo kwenzeka sasivumela kanzima. It libhekene ngumkhuhlane ezingavamile (ngezinye izikhathi afinyelela ku-40 °), ukukhathala, umzimba ukuqaqamba, isiyezi, ubuhlungu obuhlabayo emphinjeni, okuyinto ingamaKristu ngesikhathi ukugwinya noma ukukhuluma.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka izimila, kokubili ingozi nesibulalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-inqubo yokwelapha yesimanje kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini papillomas, lipomas, neuromas, fibroids, fibroma, angioma. Njengoba isifo pharyngeal idlala zibukeke kwandisa. Njengoba isifo siqhubeka, weziguli wabika nobunzima ukugwinya, ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi socingo, unomphela nomzimba angaphandle ukuzwa emphinjeni. izimila Benign ngokuvamile zikhule. Indlela eyinhloko yokwelashwa - ukususwa kuhlinzwa. Kodwa ukukhula izimila abulalayo singaba sikhulu okusheshayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amangqamuzana omdlavuza Zingase zande zisakazekele nakwezinye kwezinye izitho (kumiswa metastases). Ezimweni ezinjalo, kokungenela kuhlinzwa liyadingeka ngaphezu nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, imishanguzo ngemisebe, noma iyiphi enye indlela kuye ukwahlulelwa onguchwepheshe ekwelapheni.

Simila - pharyngeal idlala kunomonakalo kuhambisana kumiswa emgodleni kungavamile ukuba ingozi, ngaphakathi okuyinto amanga okuqukethwe ketshezi. Izinhlumba kungaba esikhulu olulodwa futhi ezincane, amaningi. Neoplasms ahlelwe noma phezu noma ngqo nezicubu amalaka. Izimbangela zesifo ingase ibe khona ehlukile, kuhlanganise ukwehluleka hormone, namathansela okungamahlalakhona, lymph izicubu ukutheleleka nokunye. D. isethulo Clinical incike ubukhulu izinhlumba. Uma imfundo incane, kungase zibangele noma iyiphi kabi. Njengoba ukukhula izinhlumba kungenzeka nezinkinga singagwinyi nezinye izimpawu ejwayelekile. Futhi khona izimila uvame ukuhambisana umoya edabukisayo. simila ukudabuka kungabangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukwelashwa kulokhu nje kunesidingo.

Ukuvuvukala idlala pharyngeal engase ivukele sofuba. Kaningi lokhu isifo lifihliwe futhi wazifihla njengendlela namathansela ezingamahlalakhona. Sifo kungenziwa kuphela ngemva uphethwe olunzulu futhi izifundo bacteriological.

idlala lesion lingaphathelaniswa ne ugcunsula, lapho ukuvuvukala kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi nesigaba lesi sifo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, iziguli ziba okuthiwa angina syphilitic, okuyinto eyenzeka ngoyisiwula kusinda kakhulu kunamanye amafomu ukuvuvukala.

Kunoma ikuphi, le idlala pharyngeal - isakhiwo ezibalulekile, isimo okuyinto akufanele ishalazelwe. Yingakho ukubukeka ukungakhululeki, udinga isikhathi nokufuna usizo lochwepheshe. Ukwelapha lesi sifo ngendlela efanele usaqala, kuba lula kakhulu kunokuba balahle, isibonelo, kusukela amafomu njalo isifo esithile.