Igciwane lesandulela ngculazi

Igciwane lesandulela ngculazi liyingcosana yesayizi encane kunazozonke, okungaqondwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa i-microscope enamandla. Emzimbeni womuntu, uhlala ngaphakathi kwamaseli omzimba omzimba futhi ekugcineni uyabhubhisa. Emva kokufa kwamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba, igciwane lihamba ngokukhululekile endaweni ye-intercellular, lapho iphinda futhi ingene kumaseli omzimba omzimba lapho inqubo ye-pathological kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Ngenxa yokujikeleza okuqhubekayo emzimbeni, i-agent causative iyakwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele uhlelo lokuvikela abantu. Lokhu kuchaza igama lesibili lesi sifo - isifo se-immunodeficiency.

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ligcwele ingozi enkulu, equkethe ukunqotshwa kwamaseli-T-abasizi, abaphoqelekile ukuba "bahlanganise" ukuvikeleka kwethu kwamagciwane. Enye yezinto ezithinta umthelela wegciwane yi-lysis enkulu yabasizi be-T, eyenzeka ngokukhululeka okukhulu kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kusuka ku-lymphocytes. Ubuqotho be-membrane esitokisini ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze alulame ngokuphelele asinaso isikhathi, okwenza abasizi be-T bashaye. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphulwa okujulile kwesistimu yomzimba yesintu kuthuthukisa .

Ngenhlanhla, igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lisuke lisuka kumuntu oyedwa kuya kwesinye isikhathi kunamanye ama-pathogens, futhi kuphela uma kwenzeka izimo ezithile. Ukwelashwa kungenzeka kuphela uma igazi elilwelwe noma ezinye iziphuzo eziphilayo zingena emzimbeni womuntu onempilo. Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka, kuncane ngokwanele ukugcina izinyathelo zokuqala zokuphepha, ukuhlanzeka nokuvikelwa ngesikhathi sokuxhumana kocansi okungavamile. Kubasebenzi bezikhungo zezokwelapha, kunikezwa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile ezingafaki ukutheleleka uma uxhumane nabantu abagulayo noma i-biomaterial ye-laboratory diagnostic.

Kuze kube manje, kunenqwaba yezivivinyo ezikhethekile nezivivinyo eziqaphela ukuthi kukhona yini igciwane le-AIDS egazini lomuntu. Ukubikezela ngokuqondile lokho okuzokwenzeka kumuntu onesandulela ngculaza, kunzima, ngoba wonke umuntu uyathinta ngokuhlukile.

Ukuthola i-AIDS futhi une-HIV emzimbeni wakho akuyona into efanayo. Abantu abaningi abane-HIV bangaphila impilo evamile iminyaka eminingi. Noma kunjalo, kunengozi enkulu ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bangase babe nenkinga eyodwa noma ngisho neziningana ezingabangela ukufa. Kungenxa yezimo ezinjalo ukuthi udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi i-AIDS. Ososayensi abakakaqedi ngokugcwele ukuthi ngabe i-HIV ihlale iholela ekuthuthukiseni i-AIDS noma cha.

Ngeshwa, imithi engasiza ekuphulukeleni abantu abanegciwane ayitholakali. Usizo kubantu abanjalo luhlanganisa ukulungiswa komsebenzi wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokuvuselela kanye nokuqokwa kwe-symptomatic therapy. Kulezi ziguli, kunenye inkinga ebalulekile.

Njengomthetho, abantu, sebezi ukuthi banegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, bazizwa badinga kakhulu ukwabelana nabo ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, kodwa izisekelo zomphakathi wethu, ngeshwa, azikwazi njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuzwana. Umuntu kulokhu akesabi nje kuphela ukugula, kodwa futhi uyedwa, ongayilandela, uma abanye bebazi ngakho. Muva nje, ngezinhloso ezinjalo, kunenombolo yocingo yokusekelwa kokuziphatha, lapho noma nini ungashayela futhi wabelane nakho okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho.

I-HIV, i- AIDS, izimpawu zihluke kakhulu, futhi azikwazi ukuhunyushwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yalesi sifo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Uma kukhona ubuthakathaka obucacile, ukukhathala, nemifudlana evamile, umuntu kufanele ahlolwe ngesikhathi esifanele esikhungweni eselulekayo esikhethekile, esisezindlini ezinkulu. Ezikoleni ezinjalo, ungaphumelela ekuhloleni okudingekayo futhi uthole izincomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezinjalo, izinhlelo zokusiza kanye namaqembu asekelayo asebenza.

Izimpawu zingabonakaliswa ngokweqile kangangokuba umuntu akathinti ukubaluleka kubo. Kule ndaba, uma kunikezwe umkhuba wokusabalala kwalesi sifo, ezibhedlela eziningi, ukuhlolwa kwengculazi kwenziwa yizo zonke iziguli ngaphandle kokunye.