Iklabishi White: indlela yokutshala lesisinkwa wesithathu

Iklabishi ngokuthi isinkwa lwesithathu. It bubaluleke ngoba ukudla, wezokudla zokwelapha izakhiwo. Iklabishi akesabi frost, ikhule ngisho ezindaweni ezisenyakatho endle. I enkulu funa okungukuthi iklabishi. Indlela yokutshala indlovukazi izinkambu enyakatho, ulale; kuyakuthi, njengoba ongumlimi ethi, kwakuzwakala ezinsukwini ubudala ngesikhathi kokwehla, "puzastaya, esikhathini esingeside ezinemilenze"?

Izinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo

Lapho ukhetha ukuthi imbewu, kufanele unqume ne eshalofini impilo amakhanda bese unquma ukuthi zizosetshenziswa - I-fresh ukusetshenziswa noma pickling.

"Ukudluliswa F", "Dumas F", "Malachite F," "Dawn of the F", "Kazachok F", "Dawn", "I-June" - ekuqaleni nzalo ukukhula nezinhlobonhlobo. Yokuvuthwa isikhathi - emva kwezinsuku 40-60 zitshala. Iklabishi senzelwe ukusetshenziswa fresh. Phakathi nokuvuthwa, abazi inqamuke. Izitshalo amelana Amagciwane, "blackleg" futhi clubroot.

"Menza F", "weJubili F", "Meador F", "Udumo 1305", "Dobrovodskaya" - maphakathi-iklabishi, efanelekayo isitoreji kanye ukuvutshelwa. Kusukela zitshala ukuvuna izinsuku 90-120 sihamba.

"Kryumon F", "Kryumon", "Geneva F", "Aros F", "Tyurkiz", "Amager" - sekwephuzile-yokuvuthwa izinhlobo kanye nenzalo yabo. Yokuvuthwa isikhathi - kusukela ezinsukwini 120 140. Iklabishi zingagcinwa isikhathi eside, efanelekayo pickling.

Iklabishi: zokutshala nokunakekela

imbewu ezomile uthele amanzi imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu, sekuqala ukufudumala lokushisa 50 ^C. Khona umzuzu owodwa bona babekwa ngamanzi abandayo. Khona-ke, abakhwabanisi yayo, imbewu kuba manzi te amahora 12 in isixazululo yanoma yimuphi umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi: ingilazi yamanzi kuthathwe kwengxenye isipuni zikamanyolo. Imbewu siyakazwe abandayo amanzi nendawo kubo ngosuku phakathi eshalofini imbala. Lezi zinqubo kudingeka usheshise ukuhluma futhi ukwandisa ukumelana amakhaza. Ngemva eqeda imbewu omisiwe ukuhlwanyelwa uqale shkolku ngaphambilini walungisa ezigcwele enhlabathini ekhethekile. Inhlabathi Ukwakheka: amavolumu alinganayo humus, Peat nesihlabathi. On ibhakede inhlabathi elixutshwe eyodwa isipuni elimbudumbudu of superphosphate kanye ezintathu wezipuni izinkuni umlotha. Ukuze izithombo ezikhulayo akufanele bathathe umhlaba engadini noma humus - bangase babe Amagciwane, okuyinto besaba iklabishi.

Indlela yokutshala izithombo? Ngo amabhokisi engajulile, a inkatho engaphansi kweyodwa imbewu isentimitha ukujula ezihlwanyelwe esifundeni njengenye isentimitha ngaphandle. Ngaphambi kokufika ukuthathaumhlala ngoba izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine, ibhokisi lufakwa sill iwindi, lapho izinga lokushisa emoyeni - 18-20 ^o C. Ibhokisi samahlumela idluliselwe cooler (esingeqile 8 ° ^C) nendawo ukukhanya izithombo kungukuthi welulela. izithombo Ten ugxumele amabhodwe nge ububanzi kanye okungenani 8 cm ukujula enhlabathini efanayo, ethela a pre isixazululo potassium permanganate (e ibhakede lamanzi thatha 1 igremu ka zinhlayiya). Izithombo yokungcwaba amahlamvu cotyledon. kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu kuze izithombo kungukuthi ojwayele, kufanelekile lokushisa 17-18 ° ^C. Kancane kancane izinga lokushisa yehliselwa 3-4 ° ^C. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili kuya izithombo enempilo kufanele avele amaqabunga ezintathu. Ngezinye esifundeni njalo etshalwe izitshalo namahlamvu 4-5, ngaphandle cotyledon. Kuyadingeka ngenxa 15 izinsuku ngaphambi kokuqala kokwehla ukukhanya ukuqina futhi ongaphakeme lokushisa izithombo (5-6 ° ^C) - emoyeni yenziwa ukuze izithombo.

izinsuku Ukutshala: izinhlobo zakuqala - kusukela maphakathi Mashi ngoba srednepozdnih nezinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile --Ephreli 10.

ukuthambisa Proper (amanzi afudumele) umoya, isicelo foliar (at the stage of yisithombo - izikhathi 2) Umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi ne izakhi mkhondo (ukuniselwa leechki amaqabunga) - aluthandayo iklabishi kancane.

Indlela ukhule endaweni unomphela? ukuthambisa okuchichimayo ngamanzi afudumele (18 ° ^C) ekuseni noma kusihlwa njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu amasonto amabili ilandelana ngesigamu ibhakede lamanzi ngalinye imitha square zenhlabathi, bese - kanye ngeliviki ibhakede lamanzi ngalinye imitha square inhlabathi. Esivulekile wafafaza iklabishi lapho okuhlanganisa ngemfoloko. Ukunakekela kuhlanganisa ziba ngcono impoqo phakathi imigqa kanye ngesonto emva ukuchelela noma imvula, futhi ridging ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 emva betshala futhi zonke izinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva kwalokho. Kuyadingeka ukuba aphathe kusaladi iklabishi ngesikhathi yokukhula kane. I yokudla lokuqala - isixazululo mullein (0.5: 10), elithululelwa empandeni. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva, izitshalo ezidla nge ikhambi efanayo ne ukwengeza mullein eyodwa isipuni rastvorina noma crystalline. Ingxenye yesithathu sigqoka top iyadingeka ukuze iklabishi ngasekupheleni ngo-June, ababili wezipuni superphosphate namaminerali ithebhulethi ziyoncibilika 10 amalitha amanzi ngamunye imitha square inhlabathi. Ngo-August ngamunye imitha endaweni sikwele kusuka ngasekupheleni iklabishi nitrophosphate fed (owodwa isipuni ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi).

Indlela yokutshala iklabishi okunempilo mhlophe

Ngaphansi isiko ezidingekayo ukuthatha endaweni evulekile flat. Kufanele kukhunjulwe mayelana kuphenduka, lo kokumethemba engcono - imifino impande, garlic, u-anyanisi, ukhukhamba, ubhontshisi nokusanhlamvu. Iklabishi iklabishi etshalwe nje emihlanu edlule (hhayi clubroot - esiyingozi isifo). Izithombo abatshalwé sezulu esinamafu kanye ngesonto lokuqala ukuvikela izitshalo ukudala amahlamvu burdock, zikaphayini. Very ewusizo sishaye abasha iklabishi kusuka ukuthambisa ikani.

On the izinambuzane iklabishi nokulawula

izinambuzane eziningi bangase bahlupheke iklabishi. Indlela ikhule futhi ukuvikela izitshalo kusuka nezilokazane nezifo akunzima kakhulu. Kodwa uma lokhu akwenzelwa, isivuno lingonakala e ihlumela.

Ukuze kuliwe "umlenze black" - kule sifo izithombo abasha thinned umlenze ezingeni kwenhlabathi, futhi ukudla amnyama - kufanele kube isikhathi ayeke ukuthambisa, aphathe ne isixazululo of umonakalo manganese ufafaze nabo umlotha noma wokulinganisa.

Against crucifer zigcwele mabhungane intando usizo komakhelwane iklabishi utamatisi, u-anyanisi, u-garlic. Lahla lokhu inkathazo kungenzeka, izitshalo aphathwe kukhona ugwayi akhiphe umlotha, garlic, utamatisi kanye amazambane Topper. A ibhakede lamanzi, ukufuthelana lokushisa 25 ° ^C, kubalulekile ukuthatha ingilazi kuskrolelwa endaweni garlic inyama grinder, isipikili nge ingilazi umlotha futhi ukubhema ugwayi, isiyaluyalu, ubunzima, uthele isipuni insipho liquid aqhubeke ngokushesha sishaye izitshalo.

Kusukela fly iklabishi kusiza ukuqeda le ukumnika ugwayi. 200 amagremu ugwayi kanye isipuni insipho kuthululwe ibhakede lamanzi ashisayo. Kulandele isixazululo cool bamphonsa inhlabathi emhlabeni izitshalo. phansi edangalisayo kungenziwa afafazwe nenye ugwayi uthuli nomlotha (100 amagremu izidakamizwa ngamunye) kulekelelwa ukushiswa phansi upelepele obomvu (1 isipuni). Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, kumelwe athambise umhlabathi.

Against iminenke kanye slugs - abathandi idili amaqabunga amnandi asetshenziswa ngezikhathi impova inhlabathi emhlabeni izitshalo ngokusebenzisa umlotha gauze isikhwama ukhuni lapho pepper kahle admixed (omnyama noma obomvu), lwesinaphi yomile, emihle ithebula usawoti. Ungcolise izitshalo kufanele sibe ukushisa, emva impova kuyadingeka ukuze ngokushesha Spud. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu, le nqubo kufanele liphindwe.

Ukuze balahle aphansi ohlangothini aphid kubalulekile akhiphe foliar ngothuli ugwayi ngomlotha, lwesinaphi wanezela eyodwa isipuni insipho ewuketshezi. Kodwa uma aphid ezifuywa izitshalo kusihlwa kufanele luphathwe "Malathion" (ezimbili wezipuni impahla phezu ibhakede lamanzi), futhi ngokushesha ukumboza embhedeni ifilimu amahora amabili.

Butterfly Dangerous - Iklabishi butterfly mhlophe futhi leli bhu iklabishi. Ngosuku lokuqala, ebusuku yesibili amaqanda ngemuva amaqabunga, zazo zikhona amacimbi oluhlaza. Idinga iqoqo nsuku zonke amaqanda kanti izibungu. Ngaleso sikhathi, amboze lutrasilom iklabishi patch. Ngempumelelo yokulwa amacimbi - isidakamizwa "Ukufutheka", okuyinto wafutha izitshalo.

Lapho lwamafinyila bacteriosis iklabishi babe okusaluketshezi futhi bola. Ukuvimbela isifo yisisombululo ukuthambisa potassium permanganate kanye impova umlotha phakathi ukukhula ukususa izinambuzane - zithwala putrefactive amagciwane.

Lapho ayakhala ngamanzi abandayo noma abampofu ukupholisa iklabishi izithombo ukushaywa isikhutha downy. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala yesifo (aphuzi amabala oily kusuka farinose) ukuthi fafaza izitshalo nge isixazululo of sulfate yethusi (ibhakede lamanzi azithathe isipuni sulfate kanye isipuni insipho liquid).

Sishaye izidakamizwa "itopazi" - ngokulandela imiyalelo. Ezifweni kanye izinambuzane ihlushwa amakhemikhali eminingi "Inta-sup," "fundazol", "oksihom" futhi biologicals "Barrier", "isithiyo", "Boom." Iklabishi Ukusiza ukuvikela izidakamizwa futhi "itopazi". Lapho usebenzisa lezi izinto kudingeka bathathe isinyathelo ngokusho iziqondiso elikulo.