Imidiyeni e izibalo: umqondo, properties kanye ukubala

Ukuze unombono ngalokhu noma lowo mkhuba, kaningi sibeka amagugu isilinganiso. Zisetshenziswa ukuqhathanisa ezingeni inkokhelo kule mikhakha eyehlukene yomnotho, lokushisa kanye imvula phezu nsimu efanayo phezu engaqhathaniswa ngezikhathi, isivuno izitshalo ezindaweni ezahlukene womhlaba, nokunye. D. Nokho, isilinganiso akuyona inkomba jikelele kuphela - kwezinye izimo ekuhloleni esinembile osondela ezifana inani lemidiyeni. Ngo izibalo, futhi kunenkolelo eyaziwayo sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka asizayo achazayo ukusatshalaliswa izici isici labantu inikezwe. Ake sibone ukuthi lihluke kanjani asho, nokuthi lokho kwabangelwa yini isidingo ukusetshenziswa kwaso.

Median e Izibalo: definition kanye izakhiwo

Cabanga isimo elandelayo: ngokuqinile, kanye nomqondisi abantu abangu-10. abasebenzi Ordinary ukuthola 1,000 USD, futhi umholi wawo owayethe Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnikazi, -. 10,000 USD. Uma sibona arithmetic kusho kuvela ukuthi komholo ngesikhathi isitshalo ilingana 1900 UAH. Ingabe lokhu okushiwo ngenhla kuyiqiniso? Noma, ukuthatha isibonelo, e iward isibhedlela abayisishiyagalolunye 36,6 ° C lokushisa futhi oyedwa ngalo 41 ° C. Isilinganiso izibalo kulokhu (36,6 * 9 + 41) / 10 = 37,04 ° C. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi yonke leyo samanje iyagula. Konke lokhu kusikisela umqondo wokuthi aphakathi ngokuvamile akwanele, yingakho, ngaphezu ukusetshenziswa kwalo lesemkhatsini. Ngo izibalo, le nkomba ibizwa ngokuthi ukhetho, esemgwaqweni ncamashi phakathi i uchungechunge ngaphambilini yokwahlukahluka. Uma sibona yona yizibonelo zethu, sithola ngokulandelana 1000 UAH. futhi 36,6 ° C. Ngamanye amazwi, a lesemkhatsini e izibalo kuyinto ukubaluleka ehlukanisa inombolo nengxenye ukuze nhlangothi zombili ke (phezulu noma phansi) kuhlelwe inani elifanayo amayunithi isede enikelweko. Ngenxa yalokhu impahla, le nkomba unamagama amaningana: i iphesenti 50th noma quantile 0.5.

Indlela yokuthola imidiyeni e izibalo

Indlela ekubalweni lesi silinganiso kuxhomeke kulokho uhlobo uchungechunge variational esinalo: a ngokuqhubekayo noma isikhawu. Esimweni sokuqala, abezindaba izibalo ulula. Odinga ukukwenza nje ukuthola isamba amaza, ulwahlukanise by 2 bese wengeza ukuba umphumela ½. Kungcono ukuchaza isimiso kokubala yilesi sibonelo esilandelayo. Ake sithi siye babeqoqana idatha lokuzalwa futhi kuyadingeka ukuze uthole ukuthi yini imidiyeni.

Ukuba ezinye izibalo ezilula thina, ukuthola ukuthi ingxenye efiswayo ingumuthi: 195/2 + ½ = 98, ngamanye amazwi, 98th version. Ukuze uthole ukuthi lisho ukuthini, imvamisa kufanele njalo buthelela, uthome ongakhetha okungenani. Ngakho, isamba imigqa emibili yokuqala usinika 30. Kusobala ukuthi kukhona 98 ongakhetha akhona. Kodwa uma sinezela umphumela ukuvama ukhetho lwesithathu (70), sithola isamba elilingana 100 Kuyinto nje 98-mina okufana, ngakho imidiyeni umndeni ukuthi unezingane ezimbili. Ngokuqondene nenani nalesikhathi, ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa lapho le ndlela elandelayo:

M _e = X + i _{Me Me} * (Σf / 2 - S _Me-1) / f _Me, lapho:

• X _Me - Inani imidiyeni isikhawu lokuqala;
• Σf - inombolo yochungechunge (isamba amaza);
• i _Me - lesemkhatsini kunani lobubanzi;
• f _Me - lesemkhatsini imvamisa ububanzi;
• _{Me-S 1} - isamba amaza ezuziwe e imichilo esandulele imidiyeni.

Nalapha futhi, ngaphandle isibonelo esisetshenziswe lapha kunzima ngempela ukuqonda. Ake sithi ube idatha ukubaluleka inkokhelo.

Ukuze usebenzise i-formula ngenhla, kudingeka siqale sithole isikhawu lesemkhatsini. Njengoba ibanga elinjalo ekhethiwe, imvamisa ezuziwe ingaphezu kwe isigamu isamba imvamisa noma ilingane. Ngakho, uhlukanisa 510 by 2, sibona ukuthi lokhu umbandela sifana isikhawu kusuka ukubaluleka iholo ruble 250,000. kuze ruble 300,000. Manje kungenzeka ukuba angene esikhundleni yonke idatha ku-formula:

M _e = X + i _{Me Me} * (Σf / 2 - S _Me-1) / f _Me = 250 + 50 * (510/2 - 170) / 115 = 286,96 ayizinkulungwane deda..

Sithemba athikili yethu iye yaba usizo, futhi manje abe nomqondo ocacile walokho imidiyeni e izibalo nokuthi kufanele ibalwe.