Imikhiqizo Medical: uhlu. imikhiqizo Medical, imithi, okudlekayo

Kubantu yezokwelapha njalo liphathwe njengokuthile ezingafinyeleleki engcwele, engaqondakali nabantu abavamile. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Kunzima, igama ezisebenzayo e izidakamizwa - konke lokhu kungase kalula ajabhise ukungazi komuntu. Ngokuvamile ezitholakala Pharmacy kanye namagama athi "uhlu" imikhiqizo Imithi ", ogama incazelo akuyona kucaca. Ngakho, yini kulolu hla, futhi yini ulwazi lwakhe kungabasiza ikhasimende abavamile?

Kuyini lokhu?

Ake uqale nge yokuthi uhlu kwemithi kanye nemikhiqizo yezokwelapha kuhlanganisa imikhiqizo ezenziwe ngengilazi, polymers, iraba, Amatjhila ezinye izinto, lokhu kuhlanganisa reagents ethize kanye test izinto kubo, kanye nezinye okudlekayo kusho ukuthi kusetshenziswa imithi.

Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kanye izinto angadingi yesondlo ekhethekile. Ezimakethe imikhiqizo kwemithi kufakwe ohlwini "imikhiqizo Imithi", emelela 20% inani kwezimpahla. Ngeshwa, kuphela okwesihlanu mikhiqizo kungukuthi ekhiqizwa phesheya.

Reagents, ukuhlolwa emapheshana kanye nezinye izindlela zangaphambi uphethwe

Ake udlulela izibonelo ezishaya emhloleni zendlela azisebenzisa. uhlu Kuvunyiwe iqala kusukela reagents ezihlukahlukene phakathi engatholwa emapheshana sokulinganisa namazinga kashukela egazini egazini futhi ukuthola izidakamizwa amadivayisi nokuvivinywa okuhlukahlukene laboratory (ezinye izinhlobo acid, alkalis nezinye reagents). Leli qembu akunakubangelwa, kanye nezinkomba ezisiza ukuhlola hhayi kuphela nesineke, kodwa futhi imishini kwezokwelapha (isib, inzalo inkomba).

Ngokuvamile, imikhiqizo yaleli qembu anibona abantu kufinyeleleke kakhulu ezivamile, ngenxa ukusetshenziswa yabo ekhaya kuyinkinga kakhulu. Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi 'ezisetshenziswa umphakathi "emapheshana ukusetshenziswa test ukuthi asetshenziswe imitha. Nokho Ungakwazi ukuthenga kubo ngaphandle kadokotela, kudingeka wazi model of the imitha ethize.

Ukuthola izifo eziyingozi

Iqembu elilandelayo ngobukhulu, equkethe uhlu imikhiqizo yezokwelapha sivunyiwe, - a serum, ukuxilonga izifo eziyingozi. Lezi zihlanganisa nemithi ekutholweni shigellosis, salmonellosis. Kukhona iqoqo kwamaphilisi eziyisisekelo, elinganisa nozwela nezilwanyana ezincane abangela izifo izidakamizwa ezithile. isilinganiso esinjalo kungaba kakhulu ukunciphisa amathuba iphutha uya khona imithi okungalungile.

Amagilavu, iphenya futhi urinal - uhlu okudlekayo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlu imikhiqizo yezokwelapha ngo-2016, futhi eminyakeni edlule, iqukethe eziningi izinto ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo okudlekayo. Lapha futhi amagilavu (ekungalayishweni oyinyumba, okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi kuhlolwa, ikakhulukazi ukuze amagilavu mncane ezisetshenziswa neurosurgeons - uhlu kuhlanganisa amagama abambalwa ezahlukene asetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukene imithi).

Lokhu kubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukene iphenya (esiswini, indlebe, izingane ukusuthisa), urinal, oilcloth, elisetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene manipulations. wathi kulula ukuthi iqembu izimpahla, mhlawumbe omunye enkulu kulolu hlu.

Catheters, izinaliti nezipetu kulabo bonke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ayilingani

Kulandelwe catheters, izinaliti nezipetu - izinto ezingemnandi kakhulu, kodwa akudingekile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uhlu "imikhiqizo Imithi" iqukethe nedlanzana ezimbalwa izinhlobo catheters, okuyinto azigcini nje ngokuhluka ubukhulu kodwa futhi umsebenzi wabo: lapha kukhona futhi catheters urological kanye supply, futhi esicutshini, ngamanye amazwi, ngenxa yanoma yisiphi operation. Kepha inaliti, kukhona ezihlukahlukene omkhulu ofanayo: ngaphandle evamile zonke izinaliti ukuthi afakwa imijovo ngoba imijovo, kukhona wokubhoboza inaliti ukutshopa nokuhlinzwa - lapha uhlu izimpahla njengoba ebanzi. Imijovo kwehluke, kanye catheters, kumsebenzi kanye nosayizi, kusukela komncane kuya insulini metal okhethekile isipetu thela amalaka, ngaphezu okuyinto isede enikelweko amashubhu ezahlukene.

Leli qembu akunakubangelwa uhlelo ngaphandle kokumpontshelwa igazi, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kwenzeke ukuze asindise abantu abaningi.

Kusaladi, ezihlukahlukene amabhandeshi

Akufanele sibakhohlwe mayelana izesekeli ahlukahlukene kusaladi, umbuzo ukuthi libhekisela amadivaysi ezokwelapha. Uhlu kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izinto, ezisukela izinhlobo ezahlukene uboya plasters ukuze ekhethekile usimende amabhandeshi, okwenza ukuphila kube lula ukuze traumatology. Lihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene kwezicubu: a imithi oyinyumba ofakwe like eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye analgesic. Yiqiniso, umuntu akufanele siqambe amabhandeshi, ezingasetshenziswa futhi zifakwe kuleli qembu. Ohlwini kukhona futhi isilonda ukuphulukisa kusaladi, futhi labo nje uvale emanceba abo kanye ukusha.

Ukuze zokukhwabanisa kanye ukuhlolwa

Uhlu "imikhiqizo Imithi" ngeke ibe ephelele ngaphandle ezihlukahlukene Amadivayisi esetshenziswa odokotela phakathi izivivinyo kanye phakathi manipulations ahlukahlukene. Lezi zihlanganisa buso, kokubili kuhlinzwa nomoya-mpilo, noma ngaphandle analgesics. Eqenjini efanayo amagogolo kuhlinzwa, izibuko ezivikela amehlo emisebeni ultraviolet. Iqembu elikhulu, efakwe ohlwini njenge- "Okunye" kuhlanganisa kokubili ngentambo kuhlinzwa, futhi iphepha ngokuthatha i electrocardiogram nezibuko yezokwelapha, ngakho ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa odokotela bamazinyo kanye otolaryngologists.

ngezinto ezibonakala zingelutho Ngisho onjalo afana ngazo si ngoba ultrasound, ifakiwe kuleli qembu. Vele uthi, lapha cishe zonke okudlekayo futhi amathuluzi yezokwelapha.

Isetshenziselwa nezinqubo ezidingekayo kanye ngokujulile izifundo

Uhlu bemishini yezokwelapha ezibalulekile equkethe amasethi lonke zomculo kanye okudlekayo elisetshenziswa labo noma ezinye izinto. Lokhu kungafaka izinqubo ezifana hemodialysis futhi zelashwe peritoneal, izifundo usebenzisa igesi-Flury futhi hromatogrofa immunoanalizatora (lapho khona wokuzimisela izidakamizwa nezidakamizwa e isiguli). Zonke izinto ezidingekayo, kusukela izinaliti ukuba reagents atholakala kulolu hlu leqembu.

amathuluzi ezikhethekile kanye ezidingekayo

Ngokulandelayo, uhlu izidakamizwa, amadivaysi ezokwelapha uqala wahlukanise lunye. Izinto kukhona okhona ukuba anakekele inhliziyo (lokhu kufaka electrode, grafts semithambo, intradyusery - konke kungase kudingeke esimweni eziphuthumayo). Elinye iqembu elikhulu - izinzwa kanye imithi ukunakekelwa ezibucayi: lapha kukhona izinzwa ngoba senhliziyo, futhi amahhanisi ukuze kunqandwe ukopha, futhi yokufakelwa zinesimiso sokudla. lekubukana nemfundzi ngamunye, amathuluzi nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ekuhlinzeni: sutures, staplers, omfisha, izibopho - konke kuyadingeka sokufeza ngisho imisebenzi elula.

Isigaba mithandazo futhi ihlukaniswe yaba subgroups eziningana: neurosurgery, ukusebenza ubuchopho (lapho kunesidingo yamanzi, for nenkanuko edlulele ka waphuka, catheters), ukuhlinzwa thoracic, onguchwepheshe izitho kwesifuba (inqwaba omfisha, izidakamizwa ukwesekwa zokuphefumula, isifutho, umoya-mpilo amathangi) nabanye abaningana. Traumatology kanye amathambo kungadinga izikhonkwane ezahlukene nezikulufi, izingcwecwe zensimbi ezilula for nenkanuko edlulele nemilenze ezilimele, kanye usimende amabhandeshi.

UTJHAPHISA futhi onjiniyela, kanye tube

Uhlu "imikhiqizo Imithi" kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene amashubhu, ukuchamisela kanye amanzi, kufuneka uveze ukukhungatheka nokushaya komoya imishini. Ngu okudlekayo kungabuye chasiselwe reactants igabha ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Futhi yayihlanganisa kukhona amafilimu elisetshenziswa-X-ray izifundo nezithombe fluorography, kanye lobunjiniyela fixer, ukulungisa isithombe ngalezi amafilimu.

Consumables - ukucasha, kodwa kuyadingeka

Iqembu lokugcina futhi yakhula kakhulu - unikeza. Lokhu kuhlanganisa wonke amathuluzi nezinto ezisetshenziswa kanye kuphela, bese noma ubhujiswe noma ukwelashwa ezimbi kakhulu. Le mikhiqizo spittoon, flasks, ukuhlolwa amashubhu, cuvettes, pipettes, amasilinda wokulinganisa, laboratory ingilazi - ngaphandle siqhuba ukuhlolwa ngokwelashwa, nokwelashwa kweziguli kwakungenakwenzeka. Lezi ngezinye izikhathi ezicashile, kodwa kusadingeka - isigaba sokugcina, okubandakanya uhlu imikhiqizo yezokwelapha nezimpahla ezidingekayo.

Inqubo yokubhalisa

Nokho, abakhiqizi ezintsha akuzona kulula ukuthola kunombolo abanikezeli bemikhiqizo ezifana amadivaysi ezokwelapha. Uhlu, kuvunyelwa izitifiketi zokubhalisa ezikhishwa ogunyaziwe isigungu. Lezi izitifiketi kudingeka ukuba yonke imishini, izidakamizwa kanye izinto. Zonke izidingo ukubhaliswa imikhiqizo emisha eziqukethwe "Umthetho ekunakekelweni kwezempilo eziyisisekelo." Umuthi, okuyinto adedelwe emakethe, siyadingeka ukuze ibhekane eminingi yokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kanye izinga, imiphumela zazo zigcwele inqwaba imibhalo.

Yingakho izinkampani zemithi kaningi ukushaja yokubhalisa izinkampani ezigunyaziwe ukuthi usunolwazi oluhle kakade esebenzelana izidumbu esiphezulu, futhi uzokwazi ukufeza hhayi kuphela ucwaningo oludingekayo, kodwa futhi ukulungiselela yonke imibhalo. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zonke izidakamizwa njalo ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu ngizodabula uhlolisise, okuyinto uyaphinda uba izinga nokuphepha kwabo. Ngakho qiniseka ukuthi reagents, amathuluzi, amathuluzi, kanye namanye amadivaysi okwelapha kanye okudlekayo ohlwini, evunywe zikahulumeni ephakeme, ngokuphelele ephephile ezempilo.