Imithetho yokuphepha. Ukushiya kusukela amakhemikhali muntu kuzona kufanele ihlelwe kahle futhi

Minyaka yonke ezingasho Sijwayele ukuzwa mayelana nokuhluleka sina futhi izingozi emsebenzini. Lokhu kuyingozi enkulu hhayi kuphela imvelo kodwa futhi nempilo yabantu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nalabo kufanele ushiye endaweni ukungcoliswa amakhemikhali. Kuyadingeka ukuba sihlole ngokuningiliziwe izingozi ezingaba khona futhi ukwazi imithetho yokuziphatha ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Okufanele ukwazi ngamunye

Area of amakhemikhali angcolise ndawo ngaphakathi lapho amakhemikhali ezivamile anobuthi, ngokudala ingozi ukuze ukuphila kwabantu, izilwane zasendle kanye ipulazi izilwane nezitshalo.

Bona zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana:

• ukungakhululeki zone (izimpawu zokuqala ukudakwa zingavela therein yashubisa esingamahlalakhona);
• ukungcoliswa ngokulinganisela (lapho okuqukethwe isisi esinobuthi ifinyelela Inkomba ethile, kusho ukuthi cishe amahlanu abangaba amaphesenti angu-uzobe amakhemikhali hit);
• Ukweqiwa ezibulalayo (OM lokuhlushwa uphakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi ukufa kungenzeka).

Izenzo ngokuya ukungcoliswa amakhemikhali

Abantu Abadala Abavuthiwe ngokusazisa bendawo uma kwenzeka esiphuthumayo ngowamagunya Civil Defense. Umphakathi kufanele kube ngokushesha ngaphandle kwemibandela ukuhambisana nayo yonke iziyalezo ezinikeziwe. The main indlela izakhamuzi isixwayiso ingozi kuyinto emsakazweni noma kuthelevishini. Okukhethekile ezinjalo ngokuvamile iqala ngamazwi athi: "LALELA BONKE!". Sivela amakhemikhali zone kufanele igcinwe esitshalweni emsakazweni.

Ngokuvamile lokhu kwaziswa kuhambisana emfushane umsindo alamu kwakhala nezinye elikhulu isignali izindlela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuba enze ngokushesha. Ukulalelwa amasignali ngenhla, kubalulekile kuqala kuzo zonke ukubeka ukuvikeleka kwezitho zokuphefumula, uvale zonke izimbobo, amafasitela, cisha igesi, izinto zikagesi kanye nezinye zikagesi zasendlini. By izindlela zokuvikeleka zihlanganisa buso igesi. Uma ishoda, kufanele usebenzise gauze amabhandeshi noma eminye imikhiqizo izicubu ngokurhaba, ofakwe amanzi.

Ngaphandle kwendawo ingozi yokungcoliswa chemical kufanele kube supply wezinsuku ezintathu ukudla namanzi. Kuyadingeka ukuba baphathe izincwadi ezibalulekile zosizo lokuqala (kumelwe zihlanganisa izidakamizwa ukuthi umuntu othatha njalo ngoba izifo, uma ikhona).

iziqondiso ezengeziwe

Udinga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuxwayisa omakhelwane ngaphandle ukwethuka ukuba akahambe, ezihambayo bebheke egqumeni eliseduze. Njengoba sekushiwo, ekhishwa amakhemikhali esishintshashintshayo kufanele kube ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuthuthela kwelinye icala omoya. Lapho ufika isikhundla ephakeme kufanele kube ukuthola iziqondiso ezengeziwe. Kuthiwani uma kungekho kungenzeka ukuba akahambe, etholakala kule ndawo onegciwane? Kulokhu, udinga aphephele, futhi esiphezulu sama yakhe kokuba esethole. Iwindi amafasitela, izicabha, amafasitela nokusasamba esikhulu kufanele uphawu.

Lapho okuxhunyanwa uphawu lokucindezeleka umsakazo kufanele unake okukhethekile iyiphi igesi noma amakhemikhali uyingozi. Uma ngabe le ammonia (ikhemikhali ngiyiphi elula khulu ukwedlula emoyeni), ke uyogcwalisa izitezi zezakhiwo, futhi uma kwakukhona ukukhishwa chlorine noma kuyi-hydrogen sulfide (ngoyisiwula kusinda kunakho emoyeni), khona-ke kufanele silindele ukuthi ngeke ahambe phansi futhi ukungena ezindlini. Kuye lezi zici, kubalulekile ukwenza.

izinyathelo kokugwema izifo

Ngesikhathi sibaleka aphume amakhemikhali esishintshashintshayo kufanele kube okusheshayo, kodwa ngeke sisaphuma, ukuze singathwesi ukukhulisa uthuli anobuthi. Contraindicated lincikiswe odongeni, ukuxhumana nabanye izinto kungangcoli. Ngisho ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo kufanele ususe imishini wabo obavikelayo. Caught endaweni ephephile ukungcola, kubalulekile kuqala kuzo zonke ukushintsha izingubo ngokuphelele, ushawa futhi ngokuphelele uxubha umlomo.

On nokuqedwa ingozi noma eminye izenzo ezilungile sabantu bayokwaziswa izidumbu ogunyaziwe le njongo noma amaphoyisa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi aphume amakhemikhali esishintshashintshayo kufanele kube kahle, ngokuhambisana iziqondiso zokuphepha.