Imithombo endleleni futhi imishini eyinhloko ukudluliswa

Yazi mayelana nendlela kukhona ukubhebhetheka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kuyoba usizo hhayi kuphela ngezinhloso self-imfundo, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma kwenzeka ingozi yokutheleleka ukuze bazivikele nabathandekayo babo yizifo.

I ukuhamba ukutheleleka: izigaba futhi imithombo

ukudluliswa indlela - kuyindlela lapho i-ejenti causative ingena ivela emthonjeni onegciwane umninikhaya singangena. Le nqubo, yebo, akwenzeki ngokuphazima kweso. Okokuqala, lwegciwane kumelwe ngandlela-thile ivelele umthombo elinegciwane ke phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi ihlala imvelo noma umlamuleli isilwane futhi kuphela emva kwalokho ngendlela ethile iwela ezifweni umzimba.

Konke kuqala nge umthombo. Ngo Epidemiology, kucatshangwa ukuthi umthombo ukutheleleka kungenzeka kuphela labo izinto, okungenzeka HABITAT, zizalela, bese ukukhululwa kwamagciwane ngokusebenzisa izinqubo bokuphila. abantu elinegciwane noma izilwane - lawa imithombo okutheleleka. ukudluliswa indlela Okunqumayo indlela lesi sifo wadluliselwa ku.

Izindlela netindlela ukutheleleka

Izindlela yokudlulisela abizwa ngokuthi izinto bemvelo ezingaphili, okuyizinto olwenzeka endaweni yemvelo lezi zilwane ezincane akuzona, kodwa bahileleke ukudluliswa yabo. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu umoya namanzi, izinto zasekhaya, ukudla, nomhlabathi - ngezinye izikhathi ngephutha sikholelwe imithombo yabo yokutheleleka. Ngokuvamile, kuncike exciter lapho ekuqaleni kanzulu lapho isidoda yayo kwenzeka, abelwe izindlela eziyisisekelo ukudluliswa: isifutho, contact, alimentary, ukudluliswa.

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza ukutheleleka

Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamagciwane kanye umzimba womuntu awuwona ngempela njalo todvwa futhi inhlanganisela nezici ezithile. Akuzona kuphela izindlela ezibalulekile futhi izindlela yokudlulisela, kodwa futhi isimo ngesikhathi ukutheleleka kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, nemingcele lwegciwane umthamo imvelo futhi indlela lapho kwamagciwane abangela izifo ukungena emzimbeni.

Uhlobo ngalunye Amagciwane ukhetha indawo efaneleka kakhulu yokwenza ngokwaso umzimba aphethe - yokuthi izonikeza ithuba ziphumelele ekuphileni, futhi ukukhululwa okwalandela ku imvelo kanye nokusabalalisa. Ngokuphathelene Ukungena ukutheleleka, kuba ukwazi ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo njalo lwegciwane bemba abo ngokuvamile esiyingqayizivele, "iminyango",. Lokhu kungaba njengoba ulwelwesi lwamafinyila amasistimu zokuphefumula futhi wokugaya ukudla, isikhumba ezilimele futhi uhlelo urogenital. Lesi sifo ngeke ukuthuthukisa uma lwegciwane yayo singena emzimbeni womuntu can hhayi awabo, kodwa ngokusebenzisa 'nabafo', engajwayelekile kuye esangweni.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, ukuze ukwakha isifo kudinga ethile Kubasunguli yayo. Umthamo ezithathelwanayo ngoba lwegciwane ngamunye ngumnikazi.

spray indlela

Kuyinto mshini ezivamile yokudlulisela. Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi zokuphefumula, isifiso noma sisemoyeni, kodwa ngokuvamile le nqubo ubizwa ngokuthi amaconsi. Leli gama awuchaza kahle indlela lapho ngocansi ezithwala izifo kuleli cala. Ekuqaleni, ama-virus noma amagciwane basuke bagxila nolwelwesi lwamafinyila yaleli pheshana yokuphefumula, njengoba ngo sneezing, ukhwehlela noma ukukhuluma kanye amaconsi ngamathe ne isikhwehlela ukuma emoyeni kuma. Ngemva kokuhlala therein njengenhlangano aerosol ngenkathi Amagciwane kanye imuncwe komoya iwela umzimba singangena. Futhi uma iconsi usayizi elikhulu ngokushesha axazulule, le aerosols esihle abahlakazekile bengaba ingaqhubeka asebenzayo isikhathi eside futhi bahambe amabanga amade. Kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi Amagciwane kungaba hhayi kuphela e amathonsi, kodwa izinhlayiya zothuli. Lokhu kusebenza futhi nakulabo kwamagciwane amelana desiccation.

Lokudla okunempilo (ukudla) indlela

Kulokhu, onegciwane umzimba ukutheleleka isebenze emathunjini bese abadedela ku imvelo kusuka imfucumfucu. Ukutheleleka Kwenziwa ngaphakathi umlomo, ngokuvamile ukudla elinegciwane namanzi. Kodwa leli gciwane lingase singene kuzo ngezandla ezingcolile, ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa inyama nobisi kwezilwane ezinegciwane izinambuzane. Le ndlela yaziwa kabanzi njengento esetshenziswayo fecal-ngemlomo ngaloko lokusandza kwenteka ukudluliswa agent ezithathelwanayo - nayo ngempela "ukukhuluma" igama.

contact indlela

Esinye isimiso esikwazi lalivamile yokudlulisela. Amagciwane ngaleyo ndlela ukuhlala esikhunjeni, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, izilonda. Ngokuthakazelisayo, lezi Amagciwane zinezikhathi sensitivity high ukuze zezemvelo, ngakho-ke, ukuthelela kubo kudinga ukuthintana ngqo kwezicubu elinegciwane ngqo. Nokho, gciwane lingase futhi zenzeka ngokusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene izinto. Kungaba webhaktheriya, viral, izifo fungal nezifo yisinanakazana.

embodiments ethile mshini contact

Ngokuvamile ngalinye lala masonto imizila ukuchayeka nhlobo isehlane wokubukisa ngamaqembu ahlukene. Kodwa, empeleni, zingabantu nje ezimweni ezikhethekile kakade kuchazwe contact indlela. Kumayelana ngokocansi, igazi yizinambuzane, kanye nemizila mpo ukutheleleka. indlela ngokobulili kwembula ukungcoliswa contact nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kohlelo urogenital. indlela Bloodborne - ungumthombo ukutheleleka ngegazi kungangcoliswa ukuxhumana naye ngokuqondile egazini lomuntu enempilo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi ukumpontshelwa igazi, isib, izinqubo zokwelapha noma ehambisana umonakalo isikhumba noma nolwelwesi lwamafinyila amathuluzi oyinyumba. Indlela mpo abizwa kanjalo ngenxa mshini ukudluliswa ivumela lwegciwane ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya ushintsho olandelayo lapho isifo idluliselwa noma ngokusebenzisa placenta ngesikhathi ekhulelwe noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Athathelwana ukutheleleka indlela

Uma le indlela yiyona ejenti causative umthombo wegazi, futhi ezalethwa izinambuzane, okungukuthi bloodsucking omiyane omiyane, izintwala, izibungu, namazeze. Kulokhu, lezi zinambuzane bayaphila ukudluliswa izici. Futhi emzimbeni abanye babo kumane nje ekuqongeleleni Amagciwane, kungenjalo okufanayo - umjikelezo Kwenziwa nentuthuko yabo nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha. Kunengqondo ukuthi lokuphuma phambili okumisiwe kokuba utheleleke ngokuqondile wakhona uzahambelana sabantu isinambuzane. Ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngqo inqubo kokuba yenhlwathi, kodwa ematfuba Ukungena kwamagciwane esikhunjeni ezilimele, uma isinambuzane wayichoboza.

Mangisho ukuthi ngezigaba ebekwe izindlela zokudlulisela Amagciwane izifo elithile is okunemibandela. Ngakho, eminye imithombo ithi bungakhiphi indlela transmissive eqenjini ehlukile, futhi bakubheka omunye bloodborne - igazi indlela. Transmission yokungenwa yizifo ngokucindezela imijovo-non-oyinyumba namanye amathuluzi yezokwelapha futhi ngezinye izikhathi futhi ngempela okunengqondo ubheke transmissibility mshini, kanye indlela intrauterine.

Izibonelo zezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokuvumelana ukudluliselwa kwayo izindlela

Isibalo nezilwanyana ezincane Emhlabeni izigidi. Amagciwane, isikhunta - abaningi babo bangabantu ayinangozi, kodwa abanye abangela izifo ngempela yingozi. Imithombo, izindlela kanye izindlela yokudlulisela ezimweni zezifo ezihlukahlukene ezahlukene. uhlu yabo akunakwenzeka, kodwa esivame kakhulu kuwufanele azi kanjani futhi kungenzeka isifo Kubasunguli yabo.

Ngakho, i-droplet uyakwazi adlulisele: umkhuhlane, imfiva obubomvu inkukhu Pox, rubella kanye nesimungumungwane, futhi meningitis, namathansela, isifo sofuba kanye nabanye. Ngokuphathelene ekuphathweni faecal-temlomo, ngokuvamile emathunjini izifo ukudluliswa indlela: .. Ikholera, uhudo, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A, njll Ngendlela efanayo ne-polio ukutheleleka kwenzeka. Izifo wadluliselwa contact, - ezihlukahlukene tesikhumba, ngqi, Izifo Venereal, i-anthrax. Ekugcineni, athathelwana ngu - ngokusebenzisa yisilwane igazi-abancela izinambuzane - umalaleveva ngocansi, i-typhoid, isifo, encephalitis. Yiqiniso, akubona konke ngakho elula, futhi abaningi izifo ezithathelwanayo adluliswa by eyodwa, kodwa izindlela eziningana.

zokuvimbela

Wayebheka ukunamathela aphansi imithetho inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu - yezindlela ezilula kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa ukuvikela ekulweni nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ikakhulukazi wadluliselwa alimentary. Singeke sidebeselela egeza olunzulu kanye nokwelashwa eyanele ezishisayo imikhiqizo ukudla. Worst izifo izitha ekwandeni ayihambi ngokusebenzisa emoyeni - a ukupholisa izakhiwo, amacala ukwahlukanisa, ukusetshenziswa buso wezokwelapha uma contact ezidingekayo. Ukuze kugwenywe ngegazi, kubalulekile, ngangokunokwenzeka, khetha ngamabomu nezikhungo zezokwelapha, tattoo eshintsha futhi ubuhle salon. On nokuvimbela izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi okuye kwashiwo okuningi. Nokho, ekugcineni kumelwe kuphawulwe le amasosha omzimba ngenye eqinisa. Lesi sifo kulula ukuze kuvinjelwe kuka ukwelapha ke.