Impi noveli "Impi Nokuthula" Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Isithombe impi kule noveli "Impi Nokuthula"

Ezweni kusukela esikhathini uHomer asinayo indalo tetemibhalo ukuthi nge onjalo lula oluphelele betfule ukuphila njengoba kwenza amaqhawe uLeo Tolstoy sika "Impi Nokuthula".

Inoveli yakhe ejulile njengoba ukuphila

Umsebenzi akuyona balingisi labagcamile umqondo ezivamile izwi. ubuhlakani Russian ungeniswe emakhasini incwadi ukugeleza ukuphila ukuthi rumbles impi ke ewela emhlabeni buthule. Kulesi ukusakaza bukhoma zabantu abavamile kukhona yakhe by izinhlayiya organic. Ngezinye izikhathi bayaba nomthelela, kodwa kaningi zizalwa ke, ukuxazulula izinkinga zabo zansuku zonke futhi izingxabano. Ngisho impi kule noveli "Impi Nokuthula" ikhombisa kweqiniso futhi kubalulekile. Akukho ukukhazinyuliswa noveli, kodwa akukho umjovo passion. Abantu abavamile ziphile ezimweni impi nokuthula, futhi ubonise ngokwabo indlela nje kuba uvumelane nesimo kwawo kwangaphakathi.

Ngaphandle yokuncishiswa kwezobuciko

Isihloko impi enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" akuyona bulging eyayenziwe kumbhali. Kuthatha isikhala kakhulu ukusebenza, kuthatha isikhathi eside kangakanani empilweni yangempela abantu Russian ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Kodwa eRussia iminyaka 12 zalwa njalo, futhi izinkulungwane zabantu ziye kuzo. Europe ulusizi, ngokuyisisekelo umphefumulo European ifuna entsha izinhlobo zokuphila. Abaningi Roll up "izilo ezimbili ezinemilenze", okusho izigidi kodwa lapho "wabizwa ngokuthi i-Napoleon."

Ngokokuqala ngqá e-Prince Kutuzov liyavela Amakhasi noveli ngaphambi kwempi ye-Austerlitz. Inkulumo yakhe, ejulile futhi okunenjongo, ne-Andrei Bolkonsky, sibe siphendula imfihlakalo lembula nendima eyadlalwa Kutuzov e isiphetho ngabantu bakhe. Ukubona Kutuzov e "Impi Nokuthula" siyinqaba efika kuqala. Lokhu kumlawuli, kodvwa umbhali kwabonakala hhayi uqaphela ubuholi ithalente. Yebo, bona ababekuwo, uma iqhathaniswa kukaNapoleon Bagration, hhayi ovelele kakhulu. Ngakho lokho uvelile ubuhlakani ezempi? Futhi leyo mizwa, uthando yini owaphihliza inhliziyo yakhe nangaleso Austerlitz, lapho amabutho Russian wagijima: "Yilokho libuhlungu"

ULeo Tolstoy laqonda okubonisa logic of impi. Kusukela ekubhujisweni ngokuphelele ibutho Russian 1805, silondoloza i Tushin usithe, hhayi ubuholi ithalente Bagration futhi Kutuzov. Akungabazeki ukuthi indlovukazi ovelele, kodwa amandla alo is iguqulwe ukuphoqelela ihhashi ngaphandle umgibeli, lapho pawns angali ukufa ngoba: ukukhahlela, ukulunywa kodwa yilokho.

A ehlukile indaba ephathwayo - izimpi

Ukuze abalobi ukuba Lva Tolstogo, kwaba isihloko evundile, okwasiza zembula umuntfu lofundzako loko lokushiwo izimfanelo kakhulu ngokomoya imisebenzi heroes. A siwu- umbhali, futhi bonke "spoilt." Wabamba umsindo umphefumulo womuntu. izinhlamvu yakhe siyofika ngokuhambisana umsindo ngokubeka imiphefumulo yawo, kungakhathaliseki egcekeni impi noma ukuthula. Ukubona Napoleon e "Impi Nokuthula" kuboniswa ngohlangothi lesifanele, okungukuthi - ngezwi womuntu. Akulona ebalulekile okufanayo uNatasha Rostova. Bobabili zokuphila alinganayo. Bobabili zivela impi ukulwa.

indlela sikaNapoleon kuphela ligijima igazi futhi Natasha - ngokusebenzisa uthando. UNapoleon, futhi nakancane ukuthi nguye eliqondisa isiphetho wezizwe. Ngakho umsindo ngenxa yomphefumulo wakhe. Kodwa Napoleon wayesanda akhethwe ukuqondana Amazing, lapho zonke izizwe zabantu baseYurophu ubuchopho ukugxilisa umqondo esabekayo - ukubulalana wodwa. Futhi ubani ongaba ezingaphezu kuka ukufanisa umqondo, kodwa Napoleon - yemifino ampofu nangengqondo overdeveloped?

Izimpi ezinkulu nezincane

Izincazelo izimpi enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" abakhona ngokugcwele, abakhulu nabancane, empini futhi nisekuthuleni. I baleka amabutho Russian kusukela emngceleni, futhi, kwaba impi. "Lapho stop?" - ebuzwa ngamawala Kutuzov ojenene abancane. "Futhi lapho bonke befuna ukulwa," - wathi abahlakaniphileyo ubudala Russian. Kubo empini - lena umdlalo futhi isevisi, okuyinto uthola imivuzo kanye emsebenzini. Futhi lo mshayeli uneso elilodwa futhi abantu - ke kuphila kunguye kuphela.

The Battle of Borodino kuyinto umvuthwandaba zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi kwezizwe ezimbili ezinkulu, kodwa kuphela yisenzakalo esithile ekuphileni kwawo wonke umuntu eyasala emhlabeni nangale. Vele ngosuku izimpophoma impi. Futhi into ishintshile emhlabeni kusukela lapho. Europe ephaphama. Hhayi indlela yentuthuko ke amkhethile. Futhi Napoleon wayengasakwazi kudingeka wakhe. Khona-ke nje ukubuna. Futhi akukho ubuhlakani njengendlela umkhuzi noma engqondweni bezombangazwe baleli ukumsindisa wahluleka, ngoba sonke isizwe sakwa at Borodino wathi ulangazelela ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakhe ukuba yena.

Knights impi

Wachaza impi enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" kusukela imibono yabantu ehlukene. Phakathi kwabo kukhona nalabo impi liyisici zemvelo. UTikhon Shcherbaty, okuyinto ngembazo aphethwe, sengathi amazinyo impisi; Dolokhov, umlilo idla futhi umdlali; UNikolai Rostov, indoda olinganiselayo futhi engachazeki abanesibindi; Denisov, ukuzitika-ukuphuza imbongi kanye impi; Kutuzov omkhulu; Andrey Bolkonsky - sefilosofi kanye ubuntu onekhono. Yini labafanana nomunye? Futhi iqiniso lokuthi, ngaphandle kwempi, ukuze babe nokuphila ezahlukene ukhona. Ukubona Kutuzov e "Impi Nokuthula" kulesi sici nje ephelele uyalingana. Lize njengoba Ilya Muromets, ngoba insindiso wobaba ahlusuliwe isitofu.

Lena bonke Knights kwempi, ekuqaleni kwazo engesiyo ifilosofi noma umcabango, futhi isazela isilwane ingozi. Kutuzov kwakungeyona okuningi ezahlukene kusukela Tihona Scherbatogo. Bobabili ungacabangi, azisona, nokuzizwa njengaye isilwane, kunengozi, futhi lapho ebhekene nazo. Hhayi kunzima ukucabanga uTikhon zokudakwa, ngubani encenga esontweni. Nikolay Rostov ekupheleni noveli ngento ukhuluma nge Bezukhov, kodwa kuzo zonke izingxoxo zakhe zibonakala impi izigcawu kuphela.

Esikhathini inoveli "Impi Nokuthula" akukho amanga futhi ezivamile, futhi yena owathi, nje ukuba behlakaniphile. ULeo Tolstoy laqonda nje umfanekiso izinhlamvu zakhe. Akangilahli them ze, kodwa ungalokothi incoma. Ngisho Andreya Bolkonskogo, kubonakala, iqhawe esithandayo, yena ayenzi umuntu oyisibonelo. Eceleni kwakhe bukhoma - kungcono ufulawa, ngoba kubuye knight impi, ngisho nenkathi yokuthula. Ukufa nokuzibulala uthando uNatasha kwadingeka umvuzo wakhe, ngoba kusala Napoleon umphefumulo ukuthi scarier le Napoleon yangempela. Wonke umuntu wamthanda, futhi - akukho. amandla Psychic we knight we impi nomthelela ngisho nalapho kuye ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe owehla ukuthula. Ngaphansi ithonya lakhe kwaba ngisho enomusa zabantu - Per Bezuhov ngenhliziyo olungenamkhawulo, futhi lokhu zinsongo emhlabeni, ukuthi kuba kubi kunokuqala impi wezimpi ezalandela.

Uqhekeko kuleli esibhakabhakeni

Andrey Bolkonsky elele emkhakheni Austerlitz, futhi wabona amazulu. Ngenhla kwathiwa infinity phendla. Kungazelelwe Napoleon ifika nge nethimba lakhe. "Lena - ukufa amahle", - uthe omunye ababengaziqondi anything phi ukufa noma, nakakhulu ekuphileni. Futhi lokho kungaqondakala kulokhu ukuthi, ngubani engazizwa ukuphila eyomunye umuntu? Umbuzo uwukuthi bokukhuluma. Futhi izigcawu impi enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" zonke mpendulo.

Abantu ukusheshe emhlabathini, lokudubula nomunye, ukuyikhipha izincezu zesinkwa emilonyeni abanye yoca ukukhohliswa izihlobo zakhe. Kungani konke lokhu, lapho Isibhakabhaka ongagcwali kanjani ezolile? Amazulu ihlukaniswe, ngoba yini ngemiphefumulo engabantu is futhi waliqhekeza. Wonke umuntu ufuna siphile eduze okhethekile wokuba umakhelwane okahle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo avula amanxeba angokomzwelo Ungumuntu omuhle.

Kungani impi nokuthula empilweni ezayo?

isithombe UTolstoy impi enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" kuyinto nolimi kusuka isithombe zomhlaba, ngokuba bengesibo consubstantial empilweni yangempela. A genius Russian udonsa kuyinto ukuphila kwangempela, hhayi ukuthi ungathanda ukubona emzungezile. Amazwi akhe asekelwe zefilosofi e umkhiqizo kunalokho bakudala, kodwa iqiniso ezingaphezu kuka ngomcabango izazi highbrow. Phela, abantu abanayo ifomula ephepheni.

Passion abajayele kunamandla isizathu. Karataev ngoba esihlakaniphile smart, kodwa ngoba ukuphila unezinkolelo zonke kuyizinhlayiyana yomzimba wakhe, kusukela yobuchopho kalula. Le noveli ibonisa inqubo consubstantial engapheli wokuphila, lapho - awufi uhlanga lwesintu, futhi ngenxa yalokho umuntu ngamunye.

Futhi izwe aqhephukile isigamu - ebhema iphutha

Prince Andrew etafuleni yokusebenza, futhi eduze naye sawing umlenze Anatole Kuragin. Futhi into yokuqala eyafika engqondweni ekhanda lami Andrew: "Kungani-ke lapha," Nge imicabango enjalo nganoma iyiphi yesehlakalo kwezinga lokuphila kwabantu e umzuzwana owodwa ilungele zisebenze endaweni yesehlakalo impi. Impi noveli "Impi Nokuthula" akugcini nje lapho uvezwa, lapho umlilo inganono nabantu egijima a icala insabule. Lapho ememeza uthunjana unina wabulawa sika, akuyona yesehlakalo impi? Futhi yini ebingaba impi bathola okungaphezu kwalokho lapho abantu ababili bekhuluma mayelana izimpilo kanye nokufa ezigidi zabantu, bobabili abakha neze ngisho kubonakala? Hlukanisa ukukhanya ezulwini impi nokuthula, kuhlukaniswa.

Ubuhle ukuphila kule noveli "Impi Nokuthula"

ULeo Tolstoy kuyinto isigelekeqe esinonya ngomfanekiso izithombe womuntu, futhi ononya esithombeni yokuphila komuntu uqobo. Kodwa ubuhle ubonakala wonke amazwi kule noveli ezinkulu. Bezuhov ukudansela isiginci sakhe aphume umlilo ingane, ngifuna umama wakhe. Othile sleepily uphendula imibuzo, Petrified ekulimaleni. Kodwa Bezukhov nezenzo zakhe sokungacabangi ziqondakala abafundi njengoba ubuhle umphefumulo wobuntu ongaphezu kovamile.

Futhi basizwa sikhuluma nale ndoda Bolkonski intshiseko uNatasha Rostova ku ebusuku kuthule kuthé cwaka! Ngisho Sonia awujabuli engenabantwana yakhe, umphefumulo oyinyumba, futhi, ine siqu dreary, ubuhle bayo ezidabukile. Yena wawalwela injabulo futhi walahlekelwa empini isiphetho inexorable. Impi noveli "Impi Nokuthula" inezinkulungwane shades, kanye nobuhle.

Nondescript Tuszyn ofafaza izandla zakhe umnyombo isitha, liyakhula libe giant enhle wasenganekwaneni, hhayi kuphela emcabangweni wakhe. Kuba lifana kwesihlahla se-okhi, okuyinto wakhuluma Andrey Bolkonsky. Isimo saleli umhlangano ojenene ngemva nje kwempi ye-Borodino bafaka enovelini ngemehlo ingane. Futhi yeka indlela enhle kubukeka ngendlela walibona zikhunjulwe ukuhlangana ingane: "Umkhulu wami ephaphama, bonke ababemlalela!"

Finyelela lifika esibhakabhakeni

Ngemva kokubhalela noveli "Impi Nokuthula", ngokuvumelana abagxeki abaningi, Lvu Nikolaevichu Tolstomu kabili kuphela wakwazi ekhuphukela art phezulu sverhpravdivogo etemibhalo - the "develi" futhi "Ukuvuma", kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside.