Incwadi ka the Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" futhi "Charter ukuze ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela." izimbangela yabo nemiphumela

Le ncwadi "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" manifest isimemezelo iDemo uPetru III. Kwathi ingxenye kwekhulu XVIII yesibili.

Okudingeka ukubhala nokushicilela Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane"

Esikhathini Russian Empire ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele yekusungulwa kwebudlelwane entsha ohlelweni amandla kanye rearrangement emakilasini ahlukile. Asebukhosini, yangaphambili Russia ephakathi eseduze kakhulu neqembu lababusi ngokwethukela kokulahlekelwa izikhundla zabo eminyakeni. Umzabalazo nge izikhulu baqhubeka emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Ngu phakathi XVIII kwakusobala ngokucacile ukuthi izicukuthwane (boyars wangaphambili amayadi angu servicemen) ngaphezulu ngokuqondile esungulwe ngokwabo kuma kwabo okuyilungelo kanye nesidingo sokuhlanganiswa zomthetho leli qiniso. Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" (ngonyaka 1762 th) yakhulula ezicukuthwaneni kusukela isibopho ukuthela isimo inkonzo yezempi. Babevunyelwe ngokukhululekile aziphume ziphele kuleli zwe. Nakuba kwaba nesinqindi ukuthi isibopho esinjalo namanje walondoloza ngesikhathi sempi siye saba. Aristocrats ngubani laphumela phakathi nempi, lapho eRussia lezwakala bazibandakanye, baphoqeleka ukuba baphindele futhi ahlanganyele emikhankasweni.

Incwadi ka the Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" nasemiphumeleni yaso

Ukuhlanganisa yezikhulu futhi lasungulwa yokugcina njengoba kwezakhi eliphakeme ahlukile emphakathini waqala ngaphansi uPetru I. Eqinisweni, lapho kunyatheliswa incwadi ethi Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" ukuphothula afanele yabo ngokomthetho. Manje izikhulu esikhundleni Izicukuthwane ephakathi. Manifesto "Ngo Liberty yizicukuthwane" kwenezelwa uhlelo wokubusa uCatherine II, lapho yanyatheliswa okuthiwa "Charter ukuthi izikhulu isiRashiya," elibuye enwetshiwe inkululeko kanye namandla we-yokugcina. Manje wonke amalungelo ezinhle owabelwa bona ukuphila futhi kuze kube phakade, futhi yakhipha. Zonke abameleli izigodi abangu equalized nomunye amalungelo abo kungakhathaliseki uhlobo zasendulo izihloko kuluthola. Nokho, lezi amaholo efanayo kuboshelwe izicukuthwane emandleni obukhosi, abenze sincike ke, lapho, ngokuvamile, kuyinto ehluke uhambisane izinqubo kobukhosi ngokuphelele ezenzeka yonkana ezwekazini laseYurophu.

Ezicukuthwaneni ngokoqobo waphenduka izikhulu zikahulumeni, ukugcwalisa ubushiqela. Ngaphezu izinhlinzeko zoMthetho inkonzo yezempi, idokhumenti zaziqukethe nezinye izinto. Wabuye usevikele amalungelo ephelele futhi inviolable we ekilasini ahlukile kwempahla zangempela: umhlaba Holdings futhi izigodi. Izicukuthwane babengalikhokhi noma yiluphi uhlobo kuhlawuliswa futhi noma yiziphi izintela. It semthethweni ukuthi idivayisi ekilasini lenkampani: yakhelwe yesifunda yizicukuthwane ezazisemizini ubuso esemthethweni isimo. Lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi zalezi zinyathelo sezizonke umphumela obalulekile - kumiswa kanye nokuqinisa ohlanga ekilasini-omele waseRussia, ngaleso sikhathi eyayiyingxenye engcono isimiso sezombusazwe eYurophu.