Indlela yokutshala ngelakho ibhotela amakhowe (izingono)?

Sonke siyazi ukuthi ungakwazi ukhule amakhowe, oyster amakhowe womuntu siqu nokusetshenziswa ukudayiswa. Futhi kuthiwani ihlathi amakhowe: ezimhlophe, chanterelles, ensundu cap boletus nabanye? Phela, zingabantu mycorrhizal, okusho abakwazi ukuphila nokuthuthukisa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle umphakathi nge isihlahla-umvikeli. Ukuze udumo balimi amateur, okwamanje izindlela eziningana yokuzalanisa amakhowe ku egcekeni siqu futhi ingadi ndawo. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuthi iziphi ubuqili self-kulinywe linjengamafutha - amakhowe okumnandi efanelekayo zokuyithambisa, ukupheka kanye nesobho.

Nasi theory. Igama elithi "mycorrhiza" Kumiswa ngamagama amabili Greek "myco" - ukhunta futhi "isembatho" - izimpande, futhi libonisa iqala ubuhlobo bokubambisana (letihlomulisa) Ubuhlobo phakathi ohlelweni impande izitshalo kanye isikhunta. Gribokoren sithuthukisa ukulethwa kwezakhi ezimpandeni, ngcono isihlahla wenzalo - symbiote futhi enciphisa ukucindezeleka ukusabela phakathi nesomiso, ukungabi izakhi mkhondo. Yingakho kwesihlahla kuvusa ukukhula mycelium kanye kumiswa imizimba fruiting kuphela uma ukwehluleka amandla, futhi maningi amathuba okuba ukubona amakhowe ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezikhulayo kuntambo yesicathulo, kodwa hhayi nenhlabathi evundile. amakhowe zasendle eziningi zakha mycorrhiza izinhlobo ezithile esihlahleni, isibonelo, ukhunta amhlophe colonizes le firs, birches futhi Pines, kodwa amakhowe ibhotela (greasers, butterfish, uwoyela umthengisi - amanye amagama) kukhona abakhethayo ngaphezulu kuphela ephila eceleni izihlahla zikaphayini, okungcono abasha.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zamafutha ukukhiqizwa kabusha.

1. Endabeni wokuqala onayo engadini kusayithi lakho kufanele kakade ukhule zikaphayini. Ukulungisa zokutshala impahla ezidingekayo ukuze asanda abelethwe ehlathini boletus. Greasers kufanele kube kahle sesivuthiwe, ngisho overripe. A pickers ngaphezulu wazibonela ukunikela ongakhetha eziningana ongakhetha kuzo:

• Phula izigqoko ekwindla ku izingcezu ezincane bese ufafaza endaweni inhlabathi kahle oswakanyiswe ezungeze lo muthi, embozwe izinaliti awile kusukela phezulu, uma yokugcina incane, ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala impikiswano ingalungiswa "isiguqo" pre-ashiselwe scalded noma utshani;
• njengoba okuhlukile, kungenziwa wathela umhlabathi emhlabeni esihlahleni uketshezi ukumiswa isikhunta nepepper ufulawa ne ukwengeza ukudla gelatin (i ebhakedeni 1 isipuni);
• indlela yesithathu yokulungiselela ekumisweni kakhulu isikhathi-ukudliwa, kodwa futhi ukuyedlula. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba ahlukane ungqimba luyimbudumbudu ne ezinhlamvu, lisicole, bese efakwa esitsheni amanzi (1-2 amalitha ingxube ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi); okwesibili, njengoba umgqugquzeli ukukhula ukuze ungeze 15 amagremu of imvubelo elomile, bese ashiye sokunika amasonto amabili. Impikiswano phakathi nalesi sikhathi ziyohlala kuze kufike phansi. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukuba sokukhipha amanzi udoti, emafektri uthele ezitsheni. I anikeza ukuphila mushroom ingxube ilungele ayihlwanyelayo ungakapheli unyaka ukusukela ngosuku nokulungiselela. Ngaphambi ethela ketshezi nge ezinhlamvu ngaphansi kwezihlahla, kufanele buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze 1: 100. Khona-ke ngobumnene futhi ngokulinganayo ngokusebenzisa uphondo, uthele emhlabathini omuhle olumanzi ngaphansi kwezihlahla zikaphayini, ekahle ukuba sikwenze ngezinkathi zemvula.

2. Uma endaweni yakho akuyona izihlahla efanelekayo, kuphela emahlathini ezimbalwa Pines abaneminyaka (cishe imitha ngobukhulu) nge boletus ezikhulayo azungeze (olandelayo akufanele ukuncintisana eziyingozi isikhunta mokruly zheltonosnoy) futhi zibashukumisele ekwindla, kanye ne mycelium.

Ukuze gribokoren kwakhiwa noma ubanjwe endaweni entsha, udinga ukudala izimo elikhulu for mycelium. ukuthambisa avamile kuyadingeka, uma ukhule amakhowe ezifana boletus. Greasers e imvelo ukhula phakathi kotshani, ngakho zama kabusha ngaphansi Pines yakhe kwesigaba, olufana zemvelo. Ungase udinge ukuhlwanyela utshani nezihlahla etshalwe.

Amakhowe kufanele uqale ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala: ngobungane, futhi izingxabano, futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa inkathi ngalinye ziyojabula nge boletus. Greasers cishe cherviveet, okukuhle ikakhulukazi emasimini yokufakelwa. Itulo ne mycelium kufanele buyela ngu abanyathela. Fungus zikhula kahle ngenkathi yezimvula, ukuze ukwazi ukulingisa imvula yemvelo samanzi okunisela ehlakazekile akuyona abandayo nge ukubukeka izidumbu fruiting. Yiqiniso, ibhotela amakhowe ezikhulayo endaweni engadini is 100% walungisiswa yokuthi abanikazi ubuyise njalo stol amakhowe fresh. Ngakho-ke, uma usayizi engadini uzungu ivumela, ukwenza ezinye ezifanelekayo ukufuya amakhowe zasendle - ngeke uzisole!