Zil 645: Ukucaciswa nezithombe

Nge injini diesel 645 ZIL 4331 uchungechunge isibe omunye onobuhle yasekhaya ekhiqizwa kakhulu mass. Ikhishwa kwaba amakhophi angaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi. Umshini libhekene okusezingeni eliphezulu esithwele umthamo, maneuverability ezinhle futhi maintainability. Imoto akesabi umsebenzi onzima, isetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha, ezolimo kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Kukhona ukulungiswa eyenzelwe inkonzo umlilo futhi eziphuthumayo. Cabangela izici Ukucaciswa evenini nemingcele eziye le ngokuvamile kakhulu esetshenziswa emgqeni motor.

Umlando sokudalwa

Izimoto nge injini 645 Zil ekuklameni nasekwakheni simila Likhachev e ngeminyaka yoma ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Ngaleso sikhathi zaziyindlala ubuchwepheshe elikhiqizayo ongakhetha ukusebenza eliphezulu kuleli zwe, okuyinto abathintekayo kakhulu kusakhiwo netimphawu umshini omusha.

Plant Abaklami ngokuyisisekelo inguqulo entsha lakhiwe kanye Kamsky onjiniyela. Kusekelwe omunye onobuhle Kamaz nikubeke ezinhliziyweni zenu. Iloli kwaba ngcono ukukhanyisa, powertrain ephumelelayo futhi Ingaphandle yesimanje. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka imoto ukuthi bungabalwa phakathi izibonelo best of amasu, ekhiqizwa eSoviet Union ngempela.

Ikhophi yokuqala yethulwa ngo-1977. Yesimanje imishini wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1985. Udizili Zil-645 inzuzo baba nge 1987 g. Auto ifakwe iyunithi 165 ihhashi amandla (ezisebenza diesel ingxube noma inhlanganisela), ezinhlanu-speed imilolozelo-uhlobo usuke ngesivinini. okufushane Landelayo kakade waphuma ayisishiyagalolunye ezivumelanisiwe ukudluliswa amabanga.

Ingaphandle

Umklamo sangaphandle imoto isendleleni sifana isikwele. Esikhathini front ingxenye kukhona okusezingeni eliphezulu wabeka Izinsimbi yasekuqaleni. I izinhlangothi ngokucijile uhlukane lonke udaka umzimba enezinto. Amasondo abatshalwé lelinyenti futsi bumper, wenza metal okuhlala, eza phambili.

Umklamo lento phezu ingxenye enkulu gumbi, kunikeza isivikelo ekulimaleni kwengozi. Emsebenzini ngokwayo ine ukucushwa emincane. Truck Zil-645 kwaba umnyango tipper, ukuvumela ukuthutha impahla emikhunjini ehlukahlukene ngobuningi. Futhi, kungenzeka ukuba ukuthutha ukhonkolo, izinkuni, metal.

Amapharamitha main

Izici Zil 645 (4331) ngendlela eyakhayo yisihumusho ngcono we 130 Uchungechunge ezihlukanisa amahhovisi iguqulwe ngokuphelele. At inhliziyo umshini kuyinto uhlaka enamandla wenza ephezulu amandla ensimbi. Drive ifakwe ukumiswa engaphansi nge iziphethu semielliptical beya.

Nge inhlangano ukumiswa futhi ukumiswa ezimbili ekuhlanganisweni. Engemuva iyunithi efanayo siqukethe pair of iziphethu nezintwa izakhi ezengeziwe. Ngenxa netimphawu teluhlakasimo lweSitatimende imoto ekwazi ukumelana imithwalo amathani afinyelela ku amabili nantathu.

Imoto ifakwe ezimbili womoya ukubopha izifunda. Izici esikhethekile kule yunithi zihlanganisa inhlanganisela ukubopha main futhi yokupaka. iyunithi engeziwe baxhumana ingxenye ukushayela we oluvala amasondo ezingemuva esebenzisa amabhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo isebenzisa i imoto utshwala, okuyinto kuvimbela ukufingqa kusuka zeqhwa phakathi nenkathi ebandayo.

injini ukusebenza Zil 645

Le yunithi amandla kuyinto V emise ezine-unhlangothi udizili, okuyinto has a ivolumu 8,75 ilitha at ukalwe amandla 185 amandla amahhashi. Phakathi kwezinye kulungiselelwa nemingcele kungenziwa okukhulunywa okulandelayo:

• inani amasilinda - izingcezu eziyisishiyagalombili;
• umkhawulo torque engu izinga - 510 Nm;
• Kokucindezela - 18.5;
• uMbhalo has a ububanzi eyikhulu neshumi amamilimitha angu;
• uhlobo Ukupholisa - uhlelo uketshezi.

Engine 645 Zil kahle ngophethiloli zabo nozakwabo ngenxa umkhiqizo futhi mkhulu kahle.

Ukuze umgomo, kwemigomo ongakhetha yezinye izitshalo amandla banikwa ngezansi:

1. Four-unhlangothi uphethiloli "injini" kunkomba 508,10 carburetor ifakwe liquid selehlile. umthamo Its 150 amahhashi, futhi umthamo - amalitha ayisithupha. Inikwe amandla yi-fuel AI-76, ukuphila ukusebenza ibalwa ayizinkulungwane 350 amakhilomitha.
2. "Horse" Model 508300 ngesikhathi ivolumu eziyisithupha litres kuyinto 134. Lokhu injini uphethiloli carburetor ifakwe i-electronic fuel injection uhlelo, ihambisana "Euro 3".

ukudluliswa inhlangano

Engine Zil 645 Ukucaciswa zazo kuxoxwa ngenhla, ungase luhlanganiswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili zamakhiwane gciwane. Isikhathi esiningi ukuguqulwa, ekhishwe ngaphambi 2009, ayenendawo Mechanics ayisishiyagalolunye ububanzi shift. I-node kwadingeka ukuvumelanisa Splitter kwamaplanethi nasezakhini ipuleti bamba. izinguqulo kwesikhathi ayenendawo eziyisithupha-ngesivinini transmission ibhukwana nge single-disc ezomile bamba uhlobo (ukukhiqizwa - Yaroslavl Motor Works).

Cab kanye nemishini

Le nto ukwahlukanisa okuhle ngokumelene umsindo amakhaza kuma. Awudingi ukuba nzima izintambo zakho vocal ngenkathi ixhumana sendleleni. I gumbi ifakwe izihlalo ezintathu, ngamunye okuyinto ifakwe amabhande esivikelo emotweni. Egibele kwenhlangano ukuze amabhangqa amaningana ukushaqeka wezinciphisi, okuyinto kunciphisa vibration. Omunye-ucezu design, uma kunesidingo, emphethweni kalula enikeza ukufinyelela okusheshayo main units.

Technical ukugcwaliswa yangaphakathi incane futhi elula. Lezi zihlanganisa izinzwa eziyisisekelo kanye namadivayisi ngaphandle imisebenzi eyengeziwe. Ukuphathwa lula ngokusebenzisa ukusungulwa kwesiGungu wokubacindezela amandla ayo. Zil 645 isithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi, ifakwe endaweni yesikhulumi metal main enezinto. elementi Front ingaphezu kwe-izingxenye ohlangothini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuba ukhuphule uzimele i isisitho selanga endlini. Akubizi futhi ezingokoqobo ngesikhathi imoto ngokushesha yatha- ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Ikakhulukazi imoto efanele kwaba njengenhlangano izimoto ezimbonini kanye zokuthutha.

ukulungiswa

Ukuze ukukhululwa isikhathi kubhekwa ngaphezu izinguqulo kweshumi weloli lakhiwe. isizathu esikhethekile sokuba kukhulunywe kungenzeka ezinye zazo:

• 433100 inguqulo eyisisekelo injini 645 m diesel;
• 433 102 - imodeli nge chassis ngcono;
• 432900 - version nge injini diesel isisekelo wakhathala;
• 433 104 - umlilo iloli;
• 433116 - version senzelwe ukuthekelisa;
• 4332A - Inguqulo base eside futhi motor 645, okungasekelwe akhiqizwa uchungechunge;
• tractor nge kumila 3.8 noma 3.3 amamitha;
• ukushintshashintsha nge elele gumbi.

imoto Okubukwe kwaba ifakwe jikelele umzimba uhlobo evumela ukuthutha izimpahla ngokuyinhloko, hhayi kuphela ngobuningi, kodwa futhi izinto eziwuketshezi okuqinile, namanye amadivayisi.

Izici

Zil 645, nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe ezincike ku ukuguqulwa ine inkomba ethwele amandla amathani nelesithupha. Ngokwesilinganiso, iloli ifakwe ukala emihlanu nengxenye ayizinkulungwane kilogram. Oluvala amasondo ebonwe 4 * 2.

Zaafutha ukusetshenziswa at umthwalo omningi nesivinini 60 km / h kuyahlukahluka ku ezahlukene 18.5 amalitha ngamunye amakhilomitha angamakhulu. Umkhawulo embundwini isivinini - 95 km / h nge okukodwa noma 10 amakhilomitha engaphansi e ingxenye inhlanganisela. uphethiloli umthamo - 170 amalitha. I kokusebenza ibanga 25 amamitha at igiya egcwele. ITire iloli ifakwe wonke amasondo yimpandla, okuyinto kusiza ukuhamba sezwe engazinzile futhi kunzima.

Ubukhulu & Isisindo

Iloli has nemingcele ezilandelayo:

• obuphelele / ububanzi / ukuphakama - 6.37 / 2.5 / 2.65 metres;
• ibanga phakathi ngaphambili / lamasondo angemuva - 1.93 / 1.85 m;
• phansi imvume - 33 cm;
• ivolumu kohlelo ukupholisa - 26,5 amalitha;
• okalwe yesikhulumi - 860 khilogremu;
• nenqwaba inhlangano gearbox 200 kg, nokuthi ngaphambili - 0.55 wamathani.

Ingqikithi yesisindo sezinto imoto angaba ngu 11.5 ithwele umthwalo omningi, ukumelana imodi ukushayela emabhulohweni nezinye izakhiwo ubunjiniyela emigwaqweni.

Zil 645: Izibuyekezo

Njengoba kufakazelwa izimpendulo abanikazi sokubika iloli, kuba impela esisebenzisekayo nesiwusizo. ikhishwe usuphothuliwe ngo-2004, ngakho-ke, kungokwemvelo ukuthi imodeli is yisikhathi. Amalungu waphawula izindleko eliphansi ezingxenyeni ingxenye, kufaka phakathi injini. Zibuye zigcizelele ukukhuthazela semoto kanye maintainability ezinhle.

Inketho nge 645-m motor kubhekwa omunye okufunwa kakhulu izinto ekilasini. Njengoba sazi ukuthi injini ithuthukiswe ngeminyaka yoma ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule, singasho ukuthi lokhu phiko ngokwanele ukuhlola lwemigwaqo kazwelonke futhi isikhathi. On abanikazi ezingezinhle zihlanganisa ukungabi khona Kwezinye izingxenye emakethe futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu petrol. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, imoto useyinto ethandwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Ukuqedelwa wokubuyekeza

Zil 645 - lena legend kweSoviet imoto umkhakha kweqiniso. Manje ungakwazi uyithenga kuphela ngesimo lesibili ngesandla. Amanani, kuye ngokuthi imodeli nemibandela ziyahlukahluka phakathi eziyinkulungwane 150-400. Yiqiniso, lokhu iloli akunakwenzeka ukuba esikhundleni nozakwabo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle zamanje. Nokho, ngenxa amanani aphansi futhi maintainability ezinhle "sobudala" abakhiqizi we Likhachev isitshalo uhlala phakathi kwababusi futhi ezifunwayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.