Inhlanzi Marine. inhlanzi Saltwater: igama. inhlanzi ukudla Sea

Ngo amanzi olwandle, njengoba sazi sonke, uyikhaya okunhlobonhlobo izilwane ezahlukene. Shiya ingxenye enkulu kubo inhlanzi. Ziyakwazi - iyingxenye ebalulekile le-ecosystem emangalisayo. Ukuhlukahlukana kwezine yezilwane ezinomgogodla abakhileyo ezilwandle kanye izilwandle kuyinto yesiteleka. Kukhona imvuthu ngempela kokuba ubude eyodwa isentimitha nje, kukhona nezinto imidondoshiya, ukufinyelela nesishiyagalombili amamitha.

izwe ngaphansi kwamanzi

Futhi indlela izinhlanzi zasolwandle okumnandi! Abangane uhlu kithi kusuka ebuntwaneni amagama umxhwele: Pollack, i-herring, capelin, saury, ama-cod, i-hake, i-halibut, rockcod ... Kukhona futhi zezinhlobo exotic ngaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ulwandle ihhashi, bakwazi ukuthuthela esimweni mpo kukholamu amanzi Kuyathakazelisa nokuthi emndenini lezi zinhlanzi uzozala kwabesilisa. Noma i-whale shark - izinhlanzi ngobukhulu kolwandle, ngikutholile ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kule Guinness Book of Records (isisindo sayo ifinyelela amathani amathathu nane, futhi ubude lingadlula amamitha amabili). Naphezu kwalokhu whale shark has a sengqondo sokuba nokuthula kakhulu, futhi feeds kuphela plankton. ngezinye izikhathi abatshuzi Desperate uphathe uthinte ke ngisho ukugibela ngemuva. Enye ulwandle ohlala umnandi kakhulu - mudskipper. Ukuze izinhlanzi anakho isakhiwo engavamile kakhulu emzimbeni: umsila ivumela gxuma eliphezulu futhi amaphiko esikhundleni izandla futhi banikezwa ithuba ukuhambisa ezweni. Mudskipper ka zifane izibankwa, kodwa khona amaphiko futhi gills libonisa ngokucacile ukuthi lezi zilwane ongaziwa basonta izinhlanzi.

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi singakanani abakhileyo emangalisayo ngokwengeziwe itholakala ngaphansi kwamanzi. Futhi ezindaweni ezibandayo futhi ezishisayo ihlangabezana zasemfuleni. Amagama izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo elisanda kutholakala njalo ngonyaka, sizwa kusukela ososayensi. Yebo, akumangalisi bethi kwezilwandle ukujula nakakhulu ifundelwe ngaphandle expanses isikhala! Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukhuluma ngalokho izinhlobo ezihlukene zezinhlanzi zasolwandle, khuluma ngezinto iyasiza futhi izimfanelo umsoco ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo ahlukahlukene. Yiqiniso, singakwazi kuphela silithinte lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ukuze abevile abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu.

izinhlanzi zasolwandle Commercial. Izithombe namagama

Ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu zomhlaba uhambisane izinhlanzi commercial - naleyo ebonakala okusezingeni eliphezulu labantu nokuminyanisa namandla eliphezulu. Hlukanisa izinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphilayo e ebusweni ulwandle kanye ezingqimbeni eliphezulu (mackerel, i-herring, tuna), phansi kanye ngezansi izinhlanzi eziphilayo ezansi noma eduze kwangaphansi ezingqimbeni phansi (ama-cod, plaice, Pollock, i-halibut). Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngaphandle kwesibeletho buhlanjululwe izinhlanzi yokudoba ulwandle. uhlu olunjalo zinhlobo ngeke uhlu ngokuphelele: zingabantu abameleli imindeni flatfish, mackerel, carangidae nabanye abaningi. Ngokulandelayo, sitshelwa ngo niyikhulume labo bantu abakha mass kwezimpahla esitolo emashalofini.

cod inhlanzi

Wonke amalungu alo mkhaya kuhluke inyama kancane amafutha (ngokuvamile baze babe amaphesenti angu elilodwa) futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu amafutha reserves kwesibindi (amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa). Lezi zilwane main - cod, abamnyama cod, i-haddock, cod nesafroni, i-hake, umbokwane, i-hake, Pollock.

1. Cod

Mhlawumbe omunye the best izinhlanzi ezidliwayo, elinesimo inyama aminyene ezimhlophe, esebenza siwumthombo omuhle kakhulu amaprotheni, kanye nokuntuleka amathambo amancane kwemisipha. It unezimfanelo okungenakuqhathaniswa yokudla okunempilo kanye uba impahla yemvelo zokusetshenziswa for ukukhiqizwa uwoyela inhlanzi. Kuyasiza kakhulu isibindi ne-cod Roe.

2. haddock

It has a inyama emnandi kakhulu futhi ithenda avela kubo bonke ama-cod. Tibali angaba ngaphansi igama 'cod', kodwa haddock kungenziwa kalula zihlukaniswa black umugqa. Lokhu bamba izinhlanzi zasolwandle ngesikhathi avareji yonyaka sokuvuna ivolumu lifaka ingeyesithathu emhlabeni, yesibili kuphela Pollock ne-cod. Famous for ibhalansi zalo ezinhle amaminerali kwengoma. Umthombo ezinhle potassium ne-sodium. Haddock ngokuvamile ukudla Ukudla.

3. Black cod

ethandwa kakhulu zasemfuleni. Amagama kungatholakala ezahlukene - uwoyela inhlanzi, inhlanzi amalahle. Okunye Gadidae izikali ezahlukene, kokuba Reflux metal. It has ukunambitheka omuhle, ecebile amafutha: i-omega-3-fatty acid kuwo amahlanu amaphesenti kunelawo salmon. Black cod eqhukethe niacin, selenium, vitamin B12. Ewusizo abantu buthaka omzimba, cholesterol aphezulu, labo sizibonele ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.

4. Navaga

Ihlukaniswe yaba Pacific (Far East) kanye North. Uhlobo lokuqala libhekene usayizi esikhulu (ngamanye nesisindo eyodwa kilogram), kodwa baziswa abathengi kancane. Pacific navaga has a inyama rougher hhayi njengoba esihlwabusayo, flavorful futhi namanzi njengoba enyakatho,. Le nhlanzi ulwandle omhlophe-kilojoule amaningi.

5. Burbot

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-ukudoba burbot: obomvu nomhlophe. Kungcono ukuthenga izinhlanzi uhlobo lokuqala: naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi it has a usayizi ezincane (isisindo elilodwa kilogram, kuyilapho umbokwane ezimhlophe ongafinyelela Isisindo amakhilogremu amane), kunambitheka kangcono kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukuvumelana inyama le nhlanzi ezimaholoholo kunobukaJohane cod. Fat cishe lingekho (0.1 amaphesenti).

6. hake kanye hake

eduze kakhulu kwezinye izinhlanzi ngamunye zasolwandle (izithombe engezansi). Sekukonke kukhona cishe eyishumi izinhlobo. ikhava Skin ukuziphilisa ababethi umbala kusuka aphuzi-isiliva grey kuya ensundu cishe abamnyama. On izinga inyama kusobala siphakeme kunabo bonke abanye cod: ngempela mnene, ezimhlophe, siphethe zizwakale kahle, kuhle amafutha (kufika ku ezine angu amafutha).

7. Pollock

Le nhlanzi benthic zasolwandle ezivamile eNyakatho Pacific. Ubude ifinyelela ayisishiyagalolunye amasentimitha, futhi isisindo - amakhilogremu amane. Found in Asia (iBering, Japan, uLwandle Okhotsk) futhi ugu American (Monterey Bay Alaska). Atlantic Pollock uhlala oLwandle uBarents. Kulula kakhulu ukupheka inyama yale izinhlanzi: ungakwazi ubilise, Jerk, gazinga, ubhake ucwecwe. Liqukethe uhlu olubanzi izinto eziwusizo: ngamavithamini A, C, PP, E, B-iqembu, chlorine, i-potassium, insimbi, i-calcium, i-iodine namanye amaminerali. okuqukethwe Fat - amaphesenti angu-amabili.

ulwe inhlanzi

Kulesi umndeni empeleni isehlane ulwe futhi i-halibut. umthengi yabo izakhiwo azifani. Phakathi ulwe Far kukhona yellowfin engcono, okuyinto has amaphiko elikhanyayo aphuzi, zheltopolosaya, amnyama futhi Japanese. Phakathi umndeni flatfish yaziwa ulimi lokufundela ukushayela imikhumbi. Lezi zinhlanzi libhekene i umzimba side futhi inyama emnandi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, olwandle izimpilo ezijulile zinhlobo engamakhulu okungenani ezinhlanu flatfish.

1. ulwe

Ibizwa nangokuthi inkukhu ulwandle. Inyama yomhlatshelo le nhlanzi emhlophe, ezihlwabusayo, akukho amathambo amancane (ngaphandle ulwe anezinkanyezi, ukwakheka kabani ithambo chithi saka emzimbeni). okuqukethwe Fat - komunye ukuze amaphesenti amahlanu. ukuthandwa Sifaneleka banemibono North Sea, kanye ezivamile Atlantic plaice. Le nhlanzi engxubeni yamanzi anosawoti kuyahluka umzimba esiyisicaba futhi ilungiselelo ezithakazelisayo esweni. Inyama ulwe - liyinqolobane selenium, ngamavithamini A no-D, isuke isithandwa Ongoti ukunambitheka usentekenteke, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, hhayi wonke umuntu othanda iphunga lakhe eyinqaba eqinile.

2. i-halibut

Lezi zilwane ezaziwa - Greenland, omnyama i-halibut. Le nhlanzi oily kolwandle (lokucuketfwe fat - ezinhlanu kuya amaphesenti amabili nambili) nge inyama emhlophe esihlwabusayo ithenda, kokuba ukunambitheka amnandi. I-halibut, ikakhulukazi Khingan - siwumthombo omuhle kakhulu fatty acid (eziyikhulu amagremu filet - omunye igremu ka-omega-3 okunamafutha acid), lenzani kancane amathambo. Okugcwele i-magnesium, i-potassium, selenium, i-phosphorus, amavithamini B6 futhi B12. Le nhlanzi tando biyela you isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kanye arrhythmia, ngcono ukugeleza kwegazi ngu eziphumulele imithambo kanye emithanjeni ukunciphisa ukumelana yabo.

bonito inhlanzi

Inani trade alo mkhaya zidayiswa ngamagama ahlukene. Kube Far, Kurilskoe, Atlantic (ocean), Black Sea azov-mackerel, bonito, tuna. Njengomthetho, inyama yalezi inhlanzi esikhundleni amafutha, akukho amathambo amancane, emnene.

1. mackerel

Omunye izinhlanzi ethandwa kakhulu ngesiRashiya. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ziwusizo ikakhulu - ekwindla mackerel, ngalesi sikhathi, amafutha kwalo kufinyelela amaphesenti amathathu yesisindo sayo, ngenkathi abantu amafutha catch spring amaphesenti amathathu kuphela. Le nhlanzi engxubeni yamanzi anosawoti eqhukethe-omega-3 okunamafutha acid, amavithamini B12 no D.

2. Tuna

Okusatshalalisiwe emanzini Atlantic, eyenziwa ngongqimba ezisondele kanye phezu kwamanzi. Lokhu abathanda okuzingela senhlanzi enkulu. Kuyinto thermophilic kakhulu, ngakho ngo-Sea izovela kuphela July no-August. Ubude ifinyelela amamitha amane futhi inesisindo esingaphezu kwesigamu ton kuyinto. Lena umklomelo ulingeke yimuphi umdobi. Hlukanisa skipjack, albacore, yellowfin, nezimanakanaka, bigeye tuna. Inyama ihlukile ongaphakeme lokucuketfwe fat - amaphesenti angu-amabili.

3. Bonito

Ngokusho ukuma isidumbu tuna, kodwa kulingana encishisiwe. Lokhu abathanda okuzingela izinhlanzi izimpilo e Sea ifinyelela isisindo amakhilogremu eziyisikhombisa, ekugcineni - amasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu. Bonito, like i-tuna, ukushisa-onothando, ngakho ubusika ukuya eSea of Marmara, nasoLwandle abaNzima Shoals amanzi mpilo emuva ngempela, ngakho ukubamba umuntu onjalo kuyaqabukela kungenzeka. Hlukanisa izinhlobo eziningi bonito: yinkosi mackerel (wahoo), ezinombala ofanayo bonito, Savary, nezimagqabhagqabha bonito nabanye. Lezi inyama nenhlanzi ungukukhanya ngombala, ukungaguquguquki uqweqwe iphunga elimnandi iqukethe kusukela amabili kuya kwamahlanu amaphesenti fat (ngaphandle bonito esisodwa sisonte kokuba lokucuketfwe fat angu amabili).

carangidae inhlanzi

Sekukonke kukhona kungathi izingalo ezingamakhulu amabili zilwane. Ngaphandle mackerel ihhashi, lo mkhaya kuhlanganisa trevally, Vomero, lihiyu, yellowtail nabanye. Inyama horse mackerel, okuyinto has umbala lemicu empunga elinamathela othini, okuqukethwe amanoni phakathi ezimbili futhi ezine amaphesenti. I esiphundu kunazo - desyatiperaya izinhlanzi ngokuya ngesisindo, Kuthi emikhulu kunokujwayelekile. Scad ohluke zokunambitha nokuhogela (omuncu). Oiliness trevally - isigamu iphuzu iphesenti, Vomero - elilodwa noma amabili per cent, Leahy - ezintathu amaphesenti amahlanu.

inhlanzi Scorpionfish

Zonke izinhlobo lo mkhaya ayatholakala okudayiswayo ngaphansi kwegama "ulwandle bass". Ezindaweni zase-Atlantic, zinenani commercial futhi abavamile perch Sebastes mentella (whale beaked) elwandle eliKhulu iPacific - the snapper abomvu. zinhlobo Atlantic aqukethe amaphesenti ayisithupha amafutha, cishe kabili amafutha amancane has Pacific izinhlanzi. Sea bass - material eyigugu zokusetshenziswa for ukupheka, Uveza simnandi kakhulu izinhlanzi umhluzi.

sparidae inhlanzi

Pagrus carp-Cuban, bream, inhlanzi-chon, izinyo Scapa - umndeni wonke abameleli sparidae. On emashalofini, beze ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa "Ocean carp." Ifa amafutha ongaphakeme (cent lamabili), inyama namanzi futhi ithenda. Wenza okuhlukile ngokuya lokucuketfwe fat kuphela Scapa, inyama yayo iqukethe eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi amaphesenti amafutha. Ukunambitheka ukhumbuza omele sparidae carp. Dourado futhi ngokuthi ulwandle carp futhi gilt-ikhanda bream. Ukubukeka ke abanolaka kancane, kodwa inyama - esiphundu, elimnandi, ne ayimbijana ithambo. Ngenxa yokuba khona unsaturated okunamafutha acid, kuhlanganise myristic, palmitic, lauric, le nhlanzi engxubeni yamanzi anosawoti iyasiza. Ukudla Dorado uyakukusindisa inhliziyo emiphumeleni radicals khulula futhi kuvimbele kumiswa amahlule.

nototheniids inhlanzi

Ngo-Antarctic eminyakeni yamuva, baye wawazi kahle lo msebenzi zezinhlanzi esihlwabusayo - rockcod namanye amalungu alo mkhaya: ocean goby, toothfish, Squam. Kulezi zinhlobo abantu fattest - toothfish (equkethe amabili kuya amabili nanhlanu amaphesenti fat), kulandele zemabula rockcod (ayisishiyagalombili nesithupha per cent) I Squam (kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha per cent) kanye gobies ocean (uhhafu amaphesenti). inhlanzi inyama idatha ezimhlophe, obukhulu, flavorful, akukho amathambo amancane.

croakers inhlanzi

Umndeni siqukethe kuze kube ngayikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu zilwane. Phakathi kwamagama ukuhweba abantu abafika ku esitolo emashalofini, thina aziwayo best sea trout, inhlanzi likakaputeni (otolith), croaker, umbrine. Le catch kunezimo e isisindo eyodwa kuya amakhilogremu eziyishumi noma nambili amafutha kuze kube amaphesenti amathathu. Musa besilinganiso inyama nenhlanzi non-eqinile hhayi anolaka kakhulu, babe ezinkulu - fibre indawo. Wonke amalungu croakers umkhaya, ikakhulu umbrine futhi otolith ezingaba ezibalulekile, ngoba cishe akukho ukunambitheka kanye nephunga kolwandle, phezu izakhiwo yokudla okunempilo zifane izinhlanzi bendabuko ezitholakala emanzini maphakathi nezwe. Trout piroksidinom unothile ngamavithamini A no-E, i-omega-3 acid. Le nhlanzi okunomsoco esiphundu isithandwa abathengi kanye khulumela isithako izitsha eziningi.

inhlanzi inhlanzi

Mhlawumbe, kukhona umuntu okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe akazange adle herring. Njalo ingane Russian is kusukela eseyingane. Le nhlanzi anehlathululo eyigugu kakhulu kwezohwebo, uhlala ikakhulukazi izingxenye esenyakatho yePacific Atlantic izilwandle. I herring amaningi amaprotheni, uvithamini A, amafutha polyunsaturated. Nokho, njengoba has a lot of amathambo, Nokho, okuyinto, akazange ayeke ukuba bathandwe okukhulu phakathi kwabantu. Ngokuvamile inhlanzi esetshenziswa ifomu usawoti. ENetherlands, ebizwa ngokuthi "ihholo" inhlanzi enkulu ngibhema futhi usawoti encane - "bekling".

inhlanzi aphele

Omele edume kakhulu lo mkhaya - capelin. Lokhu inhlanzi encane yasolwandle kuyinto ukusatshalaliswa cishe krugopolyarnoe: ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ye-Atlantic (uBarents Sea) nePacific, e-Arctic. ngezinye izikhathi Abathengi ukushalazela amaphutha angasho ezingabizi nezinhlanzi ezincane. Futhi ukuzonda ngesizathu esihle. It nakanjani kufanele kufakwe ekudleni! Kukuphi lapho ongazithola kangaka potassium, i-iodine sodium? Kodwa ngo-capelin esitolo akuzona abanikazi amakati - ezifuywayo uthande le nhlanzi. It kancane sezicubu zezinzwa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo eziningi fatty acid namaprotheni (mayelana amaphesenti amabili nantathu) yalowo amazinga egazi cholesterol ephansi, isuswe ngokucophelela ukusuka qwembe isitsha odongeni. Capelin kungenziwa kuphekwe ngokushesha okukhulu, okumnandi kakhulu uphendukela e ngibhema futhi ethosiwe.

Ekuphetheni

inhlanzi Marine, isithombe kanye nencazelo yakhe inikeziwe kulesi sihloko - Yebo, kuphela ingxenye encane lonke ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo ezihlala emanzini olwandle. Saxoxa kuphela walabo izinhlobo abathengi kubalulekile. Uma ezweni ngoLwesine kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso usuku izinhlanzi. Manje, zonke izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi olwandle, livela kumathebula zethu cishe nsuku zonke. Lokhu kalula wachaza: inyama abakhileyo olwandle olujulile iqukethe kudingekile amafutha yomuntu ephile kahle ama-amino acid namavithamini. Kulesi izinhlanzi zasolwandle ophathelene nokuthuthwa kwendle kulinganiselwa amanzi amaningi okulusizo fresh kuso cishe akuphazamisi nomthelela wezenzo zabantu ebhodulukweni, ngakho kwabakhileyo kwezilwandle kancane enobuthi ezisansimbi ezinamandla, lingabe enobungozi kubantu radionuclides futhi kwenze izibulala-zinambuzane.