Inhloko-dolobha yaseLuxembourg naseGrand Duchy

I-Grand Duchy yaseLuxembourg yindawo encane eNtshonalanga Yurophu, emngceleni waseBelgium, eJalimane naseFrance. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo (2,586 sq. Km), Igcwele izikhangisi. Kunamamyuziyamu amaningi athakazelisayo, amathiyetha, izikhumbuzo zomlando. Amapaki amahle ngemidwebo yawo kanye nenqwaba yezinqaba eziteshini zeGothic enza izwe lihle kakhulu.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseLuxembourg nayo ibizwa ngokuthi iLuxembourg. Leli dolobha lisendaweni ephakeme edwaleni, phezu kwezigodi zikaPetrusse no-Alzette. Lizungezwe ngezinhlangothi ezintathu ngenduku. Igama elithi "Lucilinburhuc" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "inqaba encane" noma "inqaba encane". Umsunguli wenqaba nguSiegfried, Earl wase-Ardennes.

Luxembourg. Izikhangibavakashi

Ihlambalaza. Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi kwakukhona inqaba engenakulinganiswa. Kwaphela isikhathi eside wabizwa ngokuthi "Gibraltar of the North". Umlando wonke we-duchy ukuhlaselwa okuningi nokudluliselwa kwamandla komakhelwane abanamandla. Idolobha lalingabanjwe ngezikhathi ezithile yiBurgundi, ngaleso sikhathi yiFulentshi, ngakho-ke yi-Austrians, ke ngamaJalimane. Noma kunjalo, i-Grand Duchy yema futhi yalondoloza ukuzimela kwayo.

Ngo-1868 inqaba yabhujiswa, kodwa izakhiwo eziningi zisekhona nanamuhla. Izindonga ezinezintambo, amasango amaNtshonalanga amathathu, i-Trev, i-Three Acorns, i-citadel yomoya ongcwele yasinda. Ekujuleni kwamadwala kunezifundo ezindala nama-casemates. Kule mizila engaphansi komhlaba, izikhali zasendulo zigcinwa. Inhloko-dolobha yaseLuxembourg kanye nokukhanga kwayo okuyinhloko - izindawo eziqothulwa kule nqaba kanye nezinhlekelele - zihlala zithandekayo phakathi kwabathandi be-antiquity.

Izifundo zangaphansi komhlaba zinamamitha angaba ngu-40, kanti ubude bawo bungaphezu kuka-20 km. Baqala ukwakha kusukela ngo-1644. Ngaleso sikhathi, umbuso uthathwe yiSpain. Emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi, ama-casemates awakhathazekile futhi ajulile. Kulezo zikhathi ezikude babekhonza njengesiqiniseko esithembekile. Njengama-shelter, bakhonza ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili.

Umgodi onodwala owakhiwe kuwo inqaba kuthiwa iBock. Amacala aqala ngesimo sama-labyrinths angaphansi komhlaba, axhunyiwe ngamavesi amancane, ama-ladders ekuphakameni kwamazinga ahlukene. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-40 bekhona imigudu, unjiniyela wezempi waseFrance waqala ukusebenza ekwandiseni. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa, inani elikhulu lamasosha - abavikeli benqaba kanye nesibhamu kanye namahhashi abo - baqala ukuhamba ngokukhululekile emathanjeni. Kwakukhona umuzi wonke ongaphansi komhlaba onobukebhe, indlu yokubulala kanye nakho konke okudingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ibutho futhi ukuze ubambe ukuvimbezelwa kwenqaba.

Ngo-1867 inqaba yaqala ukubhujiswa. E-London Congress, ama-casemate ayisithupha adilizwa, kodwa abangu-17 kwabangu-23 asele basinda. Kusukela ngo-1933 izakhiwo sezifinyeleleke kubavakashi.

Namuhla, le nhloko-dolobha yase-Luxembourg ephawulekayo, njengendawo yonke idolobha elidala elisemigwaqweni yalo ehamba phambili, i-List of Heritage World UNESCO.

Luxembourg iyinhloko-dolobha. Yini enye engayinikeza ngezindawo ezithakazelisayo?

Inhloko-dolobha yaseLuxembourg igcwele izindlu zasendulo nezakhiwo zanamuhla. Izakhiwo ze-ultra-zanamuhla zibhalwe ekubukeni kwasekuqaleni komuzi kakhulu ngokomzimba. Imifino eluhlaza kanye namapaki ahlobisa umuzi ngendlela engavamile.

Phakathi kwezinto eziningi ezikhangayo - i-Grand Ducal Palace. Isibonelo somvuselelo waseSpain. Indlu yenhloko yombuso, kunezethameli nezenzakalo ezisemthethweni zezombusazwe.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sakhiwo sakhiwa yiCathhedral of Notre-Dame, noma iKhedhedral of the Luxembourgian Mother of God, isikhumbuzo se-Gothic.

Inhloko-dolobha yaseLuxembourg inezindawo zesimanje: izikhungo eziningana zaseYurophu, ama-cinema, i-Pont Grand Bridge edumile, iDuchess of Charlotte, isikhungo sezezimali emhlabeni wonke, amamyuziyamu amaningi.