Inkulumo yokwelapha imihlangano nge ingane 3-4 ubudala. Ukulungiswa yokukhuluma ukukhubazeka

Izingane nge zvukoproiznosheniya ukukhubazeka kakhulu anda eminyakeni yamuva. Ngisho naseminyakeni eyishumi edlule, isithombe wayehlukile. Inkinga esivame kakhulu - Burr, ukuhlanekezela, futhi esikhundleni noma ukweqa lezo kunzima ukubiza. Lezi zinhlobo ukukhubazeka ezibhekwa mnene futhi ngokuthi dislatsiya. Ziyakwazi kuqhathaniswa lula ukulungiswa ekilasini nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma.

Kodwa kukhona izinguqulo ezingcono yokukhuluma iziyaluyalu. Izizathu baqamekela sezinzwa uhlelo izilonda zabo, lapho kukhona izinkinga kanye ukusebenza evamile ulimi, noma sonke umhlathi ongezansi. ukukhubazeka okunjalo uqondiswa kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, washo encimfelwayo amakhwela imisindo, ingane silandela imithetho out ulimi lwakhe eziyisinengiso phakathi kwamazinyo akhe, kungani esikhundleni ikhwela uzwakale it out umsindo "f" ( "mafyna" - esikhundleni "umshini"). Kuyinto kakhulu yokubiza ezivamile futhi engalungile imisindo "p" (guttural noma ukungezwakali kwawo). Njengomthetho, qala inkulumo yokwelapha imihlangano nge ingane 3-4 iminyaka, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphambili.

Ubunjalo kokwelashwa iziyaluyalu

ukukhubazeka Inxanxathela zenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene - ezifana ezithathelwanayo izifo umama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukulimala lapho umuntu ezalwa noma hypoxia fetus. Uma ingane izalwe kamuva kwavele izinhlungu zokugula okungathí sina, umphumela kungenzeka kahle kwegazi ne umonakalo eziyimpumelelo nerve futhi, ngenxa yalokho, inkulumo zamehlo.

Izizathu osebenza overbite, futhi umthombo izifo ezithile (isib, umphimbo "p") akwazi ukuba ngisho belingisa ingane umuntu kusukela abadala, naye obuhlanekezela ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane Ungakopisha simo nebalingisi bendzaba opopayi yesimanje, eziyingozi kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa.

Basebaningi abantu abangakwazi ukufunda encike ngqo kwi mispronunciation. Yingakho abazali zonke preschooler kufanele uqikelele ukuthi inkulumo ukukhubazeka kwengane ziyalungiswa ngesikhathi. Le nkinga ingase baqamekela ukungakwazi abazali ukuthola ezinganeni inkulumo zamehlo. Kukholakala ukuthi iyiphi burrs izinyane, futhi ngeke sidlule uqobo.

Lapho sokukhathazeka

Kodwa ngokuvamile ngaphandle nokuqulwa nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma ongakwazi ukuzenza. Uma izinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ingane akakwazi akha imisho emazwini ngazinye, noma siba ingane eneminyaka emibili nhlobo ireferensi nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma kungenzeka iyadingeka. kokwelashwa amaseshini Ukuhlela abazali bahlakaniphe olwenziwa kusengaphambili, ikhumbula ukuthuthukiswa Dynamics wengane.

Njalo owelapha ingane ukusebenza ngamunye. Ekwakhiweni umsindo owodwa, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaseshini ambalwa. Uma kukhona ngeziphambeko esemqoka ekuthuthukisweni, khona inkulumo yokwelapha amaseshini ngisaphila isikhathi eside.

Kwenzeka ukuthi imbangela ukwephulwa kuyinto Friend too frenulum ulimi, akekho ngesikhathi esifanayo izilonda organic. Khona-ke ekhaya kufanele enze nengane on umzimba wakhe ngilulekela. Izifundo kusukela nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma angakusiza kulokhu.

umndeni Umzali - ngesisekelo konke

Ngokuvamile, umkhaya oye wanquma ukukhuluma okuningi nengane. Njengoba kungenza ukuxhumana ukufefeza ulimi "zezingane". Noma uba yobufakazi amahlazo omndeni. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, njengoba umthetho, zokukhuluma kuyinto engasenamahloni.

kubaluleke kakhulu evumayo imvelo yasekhaya ukuze kwakhiwe evamile lokuhlanganisako kwemakhono elulwimi. Nge encane njalo udinga ukukhuluma - ngenkathi idlala noma ukuhamba, ukuze nidle futhi ngaphambi sokulala. Qiniseka ngekhanda izinkondlo futhi ufunde ngokuzwakalayo encwadini umntwana.

Uma eqoshiwe ngisho ukwephulwa ezincane zvukoproiznosheniya abe indodana noma indodakazi, musa unkom 'idla yodwa le nkinga. Kungenzeka ukuhlela kokwelashwa umzimba ekhaya, kuzuze izincwadi ezikhethekile manje lutho kunabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukuhlela umdlalo nge avungazelayo iculo ekhethekile. Futhi kuphela uma umsebenzi ekhaya akukuniki umphumela oyifunayo, kufanele ucabange ngokuvakashela onguchwepheshe.

Ingabe ngidinga sabaqalayo logopedic?

Ngokuvamile abazali basuke bezimisele ukunikeza ingane yabo ayikho enkulisa evamile, kodwa kokwelashwa. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izimo ezwakala kangcono ukuxazulula izinkinga. Ingabe kubaluleke kangaka lapho? Uma kunjalo, lokho ubudala? Ingabe ukuletha okuyinzuzo yangempela kokwelashwa amakilasi enkulisa uyingane yakho?

Njengoba ojwayelekile, ukunikeza ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-3-4 iminyaka ezandleni ochwepheshe akuyona kahle. Ezincane ongaphumelela ukubandakanya abazali, emva kokubonisana nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma. Uzotshela uchungechunge izinyathelo okufanele nokuvivinya umzimba okufanele kunesidingo. Inkulumo yokwelapha imihlangano nge ingane 3-4 ubudala isivele uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka umphumela ohlala njalo.

Arsenal phakathi kwabazali nezingane nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Lokhu njalo ilungile futhi esebenzayo tekuchumana nengane, umunwe yokuzijwayeza, sebuningini imidlalo izwi, massage carpal, umzimba okhethekile ukuthuthukisa amahle motor amakhono, imidwebo, ebaziwe nokunye.

Lapho ukuya

Ngokuvamile, ukukhubazeka yokukhuluma encane ongazange attained engu-3-4, ihlukaniswa njengoba bokuphila. Uma iminyaka ezine azethembe ukulungiswa yokukhuluma kungenzeki, ungavula Ochwepheshe. Kuleli qophelo, emakhono elulwimi kokuqala ingane kumele kakade kwakhiwa. Futhi lokho uma kunengqondo ukunikeza izinyane kokwelashwa enkulisa.

Buhle yokugcina ukuthi yonga isikhathi nemali lomzali ekilasini nge onguchwepheshe yangasese. Ngo izinkulisa yomphakathi, kukhona khulula kokwelashwa amakilasi. Uma izinzuzo elivakashela leli qembu isikhathi eside awutholakali, cishe, uzodinga usizo nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma, inkulumo pathologists ngenjongo yokuthuthukisa ulimi jikelele.

Zama ukuxhumana nengane yakho zonke ukulahla fun of ulimi zezingane, okuyinto evame abathintekayo omama ikakhulu ogogo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuxhumana in a "esontekile 'ngendlela kukhinyabeza ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma evamile wengane.

Lokho ingane kumele akwazi iminyaka 4

Kodwa ngisho noma konke abakushoyo ilungile emkhayeni, futhi Nokho, izinkinga, akuzona ezisheshayo phekula. Hlela kokwelashwa imihlangano nge ingane 3-4 iminyaka ekhaya akunzima kakhulu. Futhi into eyinhloko lapha - ekuzweni izwi womntwana zokuqapha ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izinguquko.

Ngokuvamile, silulumagama kwengane eneminyaka emibili nantathu imayelana namagama ayinkulungwane. Kid oneminyaka emine ngokuvamile kufanele ukwazi ukutshela okuthile noma ukuchaza usebenzisa bondzaweni nezingxenye ezahlukene yokukhuluma, ukwakha inkhulumomphendvulwano lelula. Kodwa inkulumo-apharathasi alivezayo kungenzeka akwanele oqeqeshiwe, okwenza okumsulwa lwemisindvo pronunciation imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi akusebenzi.

Nokho, uma eminyakeni 5-6 babe inkulumo ezazingase ndawo, lokhu ngesizathu esizwakalayo sokucabanga ngalokho okufundayo. Izivivinyo elandelayo elula ezihlobene ukuhambisana umzimba, kuyosiza abazali ekhaya ukuze uthole imiphumela.

Amakilasi nengane ekhaya

Welulekela ngoba ulimi ukubopha amaminithi awu 5 noma 10 usuku ngalunye kufanele wenze lokhu okulandelayo. Kuyadingeka ukuba ucele ingane ukhotha udebe eliphezulu olimi, wayimemela ungqongqoze phezu amazinyo like ihhashi izinselo, umlomo wakhe ebanzi futhi sizame ukufinyelela ulimi namazinyo engenhla.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ezindaweni zobuchopho obhekene emihle motor amakhono nokuthuthukiswa kolimi zihlobene kakhulu. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ngaphezulu deftly ephethe izandla encane neminwe, kancane yenkinga ngenkulumo yakhe.

Kukhona umzimba elula kokwelashwa amaseshini, beqeqesha ukukhuluma imisindvo sibilant ( "s" "z"), kanye elinamakhasi ( "g", "sh", "h" futhi "w"). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yenkinga imisindvo "p" futhi "k", kodwa kungase kushintshwe ngokuzimela ekhaya. Baxoxelane, umntwana kudingeka itshalwe ngokuwufaka ngesizotha phambi kwesibuko sokuzithiba. Ikhaya inkulumo yokwelapha amakilasi "P" uzokwazi "ukubeka" ngaso sonke isikhathi, lokhu kuzwakala kubhekwa enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukungenela onguchwepheshe.

izibonelo umzimba

• Ukuzivocavoca "Fife". Buza amazinyo ezinsana yakho ukuvala, ukudonsa izindebe zakhe ipayipi kuze kufike can. Qiniseka ukuthi nawuphakamisa ulimi udebe lwangezansi wahlala izimele. Ukuzivocavoca kufanele liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya ku-5.
• Ukuzivocavoca "Cup". Vula umlomo, eniqhubeka nimkhiphela ulimi futhi zama ukuyeka ukuma inkomishi, oqeda ithiphu futhi emaphethelweni. Inqobo nje uma ucabanga ukuthi inani elithile, ngisho uma ingane izama ukugcina ulimi kulesi sikhundla. Ukuzivivinya okuphindaphindiwe 3 izikhathi 5.
• Ukuzivocavoca "umdwebi". Smile ke umlomo wakho. Ngemva kwalokho, ichopho ulimi, efana ibhulashi, "upende" ngaphakathi esibhakabhakeni.
• "Drummer". Ngokushesha ukushaya ichopho nolimi irowu engenhla amazinyo, ebambe umlomo wakhe evulekile. Enye - ukuhlanza ulimi lwakhe yanjalo ngoba amazinyo yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi. Ukwenza umzimba ngaphansi bill.
• "Sidla ujamu." Smile, umlomo kancane evulekile. Kabanzi engenhla lip khotha, ukuqinisekisa egxilile umhlathi ongezansi.

Emva kokuphothula umzimba, iya ukuphindaphinda amazwi equkethe umsindo eziyinkinga. Ungakwazi pre-ukupheka ikhadi nabo. Umsindo usebenza, kufanele liphindwe ngesikhathi ekuqaleni eceleni izikhathi eziningana (7 kuya ku-10), khona-ke amazwi. Iyasiza eyolanda nge amagama afanele olunamagama amaningi okunzima ukuwabiza, pronunciation kwabo kakhulu ngesivinini ukulungiswa kwamaphutha.

Baphi iziyaluyalu inkulumo

Inkulumo ukukhubazeka zingavela omdala - ngoba ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukuhlukumezeka, noma ukucindezeleka okunzima ngokomzwelo. Labo kungase kube ukulahlekelwa noma ukufa kothandekayo, isahlukaniso, izinkinga ezingathi sína ezingokwezimali. Kukhona inkulumo zikhubazeke futhi lapho abalimele izitho emikhulu ehlobene zvukoproiznosheniya - ulimi, amazinyo, izindebe, imisipha nemisipha amalaka, kanye nolwanga.

Lokhu kwenzeka uma kukhona ukulimala isikhungo, elise cortex cerebral futhi unesibopho inkulumo yethu. Ngisho nokucindezeleka okungapheli ngokomzwelo kungabangela izinkinga inkulumo.

Ngaphansi kwenkulumo evamile libhekisela yokubiza zonke ngokugqamile futhi ngokucacile, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ulimi izincwadi. Lo mbuzo, nakanjani angeke Rhythmic futhi abushelelezi. Uma amazwi lesikhulumi nzima ukufunda, ngokuqinisekile siyisipho ukuhlukumeza. Abantu abadala kanye nezingane ngenkulumo iziyaluyalu libhekene izinhlobo efanayo yokukhuluma zamehlo. Lezi zihlanganisa ukungabi namizwa, amalimi awahlobene nalokho, lisping, ukuntuleka indlela efanele yokubiza amagama imisindo yabantu, nokuningi.

Izinhlobo yokukhuluma zokugula

Khona-ke abakhululiwe ezivamile:

• Athos. Le nkulumo ibhekisela phonation kahle (zvukoproiznosheniya ie okungalungile). Aphony eba (noma dysphonia) ngenxa yezinguquko iyunithi inkulumo, sithwele sokugembula.
• Dyslalia ngokuthi inkulumo ifonotiki bekhubazekile noma ingane omdala bokuzwa ukungakhuli futhi inkulumo lwelulwimi lolufanele.
• Namalimi - uhlobo disorder, lokhu kwenzeka endabeni Imininingwane imisipha convulsive eziphathelene apharathasi vocal. Ucwaningo luthole kokunikezwa kwe-Izinga lokukhuluma, nesigqi somqondo kanye njalo.
• Enye inkinga Kubonakala e ngokungavamile kancane inkulumo isilinganiso, ngokuthi bradilaliey.
• Abobulili kuye (lapho umuntu ekhuluma ngokushesha kakhulu) - tachyphasia.

• Rhinolalia - umhlobo wekulumo ongafaneleki zokugula, ehambisana ne-ukwephulwa kwezitho yokwakheka, ukwakha ama-apharathasi vocal. Kubonakaliswa a angahleliwe umsindo pronunciation nezwi ngamazwi.
• Dysarthria - uhlobo ukwephulwa, lapho ukuhlinzeka uxhumano we- cortex cerebral ne vocal apharathasi nezinzwa musa ukusebenza.
• Aphasia ibizwa ngokuthi ukulahleka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye yokukhuluma, okwenzeka ngenxa ukulimala isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.
• Uma kuwukuthi ingane noma omdala ampofu, njengoba ngokuvamile kwenzeka in iziguli izilonda cortex cerebral, sikhuluma Alalia.

Ochwepheshe kuzokusiza

Izimbangela lezi kwezinso kungaba izici ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu ukukhubazeka azalwa naso ezifana ulwanga emfantwini noma udebe eliphezulu, ukuqothuka kwezinwele okungavamile kuphelile occlusion emhlathini ayakhiwanga kahle, izindebe ukukhubazeka ulimi noma amazinyo. iziyaluyalu Kutholiwe kukhona ezimeni engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula futhi sezinzwa uhlelo izifo. Ukwephulwa kungaba kokubili imvelo unomphela futhi yesikhashana.

izingane ezincane Ikakhulukazi ukuthi ngamunye wabo into enjalo kwenzeka esokuba ngabanye, njengoba ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma. kokwelashwa amaseshini olwenziwa enkulisa ngalinye - hhayi kuphela ezikhethekile.

Uma ingane yakho bedluliselwa kokwelashwa amakilasi, akufanele uyoshiywa - Ngeke kuzilimaze, ngeke ulethe ingane bese izinzuzo kuyoba ukwamukeleka ngaphandle kokungatshazwa.

Ezinganeni 3-4 iminyaka yokukhuluma yokwelapha amakilasi likhona amafomu amabili - kumuntu noma iqembu. Amakilasi eyodwa-on-one nge uchwepheshe (ngabanye) asebenza kakhulu. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, wahlanganyela iqembu, ingane ezizwa kakhulu futhi ekhululekile.

inkulumo ngamunye yokwelapha amakilasi

Yiziphi izifundo sokuthuthukiswa inkulumo enjalo? basuke ngokuvamile kukholelwa ngesimo imidlalo elula imisebenzi. Izingane abaqondi kakhulu okwenzekile kibo ezinye uhlobo umsebenzi onenjongo. Njengoba badlala nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma, nijabula nekujabulisa.

On the ngamunye kokwelashwa amakilasi ngokuvamile ingane uthunyelwa lapho ukwephulwa ungaphakathi yokubiza olungalungile noma yimuphi umsindo ngamunye. Ngosizo imidlalo ezikhethiwe kanye nokuzivocavoca owelapha elungisa inkinga. Uma onamalimi izinyane sekushiwo umzimba for ulimi (kanye nabanye) ehlangana ukuqeqeshwa amakhono ukusabalalisa kahle umoya.

Ukucula amaculo, umntwana oqeqeshiwe ukuba sikwazi ukuphefumula ngendlela efanele, futhi amalimi angesabi iphele. Kancane kancane, izingane zifunda ukuba ukulawula ziphefumula, kanye abengeziwe befunda leli khono, cishe ukuthi amalimi bazokwazi ukuthola ukuhlukana unomphela.

izifundo front

Iqembu kokwelashwa amakilasi (ngenye ukubizwa ngokuthi phambili) ziqhutshwa phakathi nezingane ezikhubazekile ezahlukene ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma. Lezi zihlanganisa hhayi kuphela zvukoproiznosheniya ukwephulwa nezinkinga kokuzwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa imisindo pair. Ezinye izinkinga uchungechunge efanayo - ukuhlukumeza luhlelo lwelulwimi inkulumo, ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana phakathi amagama akhulunywa.

Amaqembu zikhethwa umsebenzi ngenani labantu 6-8 yobudala efanayo nezinkinga inkulumo efanayo. Ipulani kokwelashwa amaseshini aqukethe ukuze kufinyelelwe umgomo ofanayo - ukuba andise amagama futhi sithuthukise ukuzwa kwemisindvo. Izingane -qeqeshiwe ukukhuluma ngokuqondile, senza Obonisa izifundo ngasese izifundo amakhono. Ngokuvamile, iningi lezingane abathintekayo eqenjini kanye ngamunye.

Inkulumo yokwelapha amakilasi ku "Autumn"

Cabanga ngendlela onganqoba ngayo ukwakha amakilasi kwezimilo izingane, usebenzisa othile, ezifana isikhathi sonyaka. Masibe 'ekwindla "umsebenzi. ezinhle Its kwenziwe Septhemba noma Okthoba, ukuhlobisa igumbi namahlamvu yellow.

Enkulumweni ekilasini owelapha, usebenzisa indaba yokuwa kanye nezimo zemvelo, yandisa kanye oyenza silulumagama ngale ndaba, ifundisa izingane izithombe wenze ezinye iziphakamiso ekuqaleni, bese wabo - indaba ngalokulingene. Endleleni, izingane baqinise amakhono ukunikeza impendulo egcwele kanye nokudidiyela ukunyakaza nokukhuluma.

Iseshini yokwelapha inkulumo ngesihloko esithi "I-autumn" ixazulula inkinga yeluhlelo lokulungisa-ukuthuthukisa amakhono amakhono amakhono ahlinzekwa ngomunwe, ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo, ukucabanga ngokuzivocavoca nemidlalo. Izingane zifunda izinkondlo zezimbongi zaseRussia mayelana nokuwa, lalela umculo "Umsindo wehlathi lasekwindla", ubhale izibonakaliso zezulu ekwindla, ukuqagela imicibisholo esihlokweni "ekwindla".

Izingane ziqoqa ama-bouquets amaqabunga, zibopha iminwe yazo emathangeni (amakhono emoto amnandi), ehlaba amaqabunga, ebonisa umoya wekwindla (ukuvocavoca umzimba).

Siyaqhubeka ekhaya

Lawo makghono anika izifundo zochwepheshe wezinkulumo kumele asebenze futhi ahlale emndenini, ekhaya. Ukwenza lokhu, ochwepheshe benza umsebenzi ochazayo nabazali babo, banikeze izincomo eziphelele kakhulu zokwakha amakilasi ekhaya.

Okuningi lapha kuxhomeke ekusebenzeni kwabazali ekuxazululeni inkinga. Uma umama noma ubaba engekho ovilaphayo njalo banikeza imizuzu embalwa ngosuku ukuthuthukisa inkulumo yomntwana, khona-ke impumelelo ngeke ikugcine ulinde. Umsebenzi obaluleke kunazo zonke wabazali ngesikhathi esifanayo ukusiza ingane ukuba ithole ukuzethemba ekuvimbeleni ukwesaba ukuxhumana nokukhuluma emphakathini.

Abomama nabomama bakamuva kufanele bakhuthaze ingane. Ngisho nempumelelo encane kakhulu kufanele ihlonishwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuzethemba komntwana kuyakhula, kunomthelela wokufinyelela okuqhubekayo.

Yiba nengqondo

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu akufanele abe nesithakazelo kakhulu futhi ngokusemandleni asebenze ingane ukuba isebenzise njalo amagama kanye nemishwana ehlelwe kahle. Lokhu kuzoholela ekucindezelekeni okungadingekile, kunganciphisa umntwana ekufisweni kokuzibandakanya. Myeke ahlale ingane. Sikukhumbuza futhi - amaseshini okukhulisa inkulumo nengane ye-3-4 iminyaka kufanele yakhelwe kuphela ngesimo somdlalo!

Ngama-baby exercises kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela engabonakali, hhayi ukugxila ezinkingeni ezikhona. Uma, ngenxa yalokho, ingane encane isesimweni esidangele noma ecindezelekile, ukuqeqesha okunjalo ngeke kuphumelele. Ngeke ufeze noma yini ngaphandle kokuphendula okuvaliwe nolaka.

Ezikhathini eziphakathi kwamakilasi, makakhulume namaphutha angase aphele ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngolunye usuku abazali bayomangala futhi bajabule ukuthola ukuthi ingane ngokwayo izama ukulawula ukufaneleka kwenkulumo.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono amahle amakhono, kuyasiza ukugcoba ingane yonke iminwe, ukuguqa nokuyilahlekisa, ukudlala imidlalo yebhodi. Ngokuvamile, ake ingane ithinte i-croup noma i-fiddle esihlabathini. Ekhaya, noma yikuphi okushicilelayo okuhambisana nakho kuyamfanisa. Ungakhohlwa ngama-gymnastics wokuhlobisa. Kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka makaphelele ukufunda, funda ngezingoma ezincane nezinemilolo elula.