Inombolo Law 15 ku nokuvimbela ukubhema nezinguquko lakho namazwana abekiwe ku

FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" (kusuka 2015, izinguquko) kwavunyelwana ngokuvumelana UBANI Framework Convention. Isenzo normative ulawula izimo zengqondo impilo yabantu esuka umthelela ongemuhle intuthu kanye nemiphumela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine. Cabanga ngokuningiliziwe ngokwengeziwe FZ-15 "ukuvinjelwa ukubhema" nge ehlaziya.

izindawo ezimqoka

Ukuvimbela pathologies ezihambisana nethonya intuthu kanye ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine netiyela, uMthetho Federal 15-FZ "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" inikeza iqoqo elithile izinyathelo. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Ukuthuthukiswa izinqubomgomo intela futhi intengo okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa ukufunwa imikhiqizo.
2. Definition of izindawo kanye izakhiwo lapho ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, abavunyelwe.
3. WokuLawula zokukhiqiza ukuvezwa kwalo, emisa izimfuneko kophawu futhi emaphaketheni.
4. Ukwazisa izakhamuzi mayelana nomthelela omubi imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine netiyela, kanye emiphumeleni elimazayo intuthu.
5. A ukuvinjelwa ukukhuthazwa kanye nokukhangisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
6. Ukuhlinzeka ukunakekela kwezokwelapha lalolo, okuhloswe ngaso ophela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine netiyela, impatho yokulutheka kanye nemiphumela.
7. Ukulwisana ukuhweba kwetimphahla ngogwayi.
8. Okuvumelekile ukuhweba umkhiqizo aqukethe itiyela-nicotine.
9. A ukuvinjelwa ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo kwabancane, ukusetshenziswa ugwayi yibo futhi ehilela bona inqubo ukubhema.

imikhakha lezinto

UMthetho Federal 15-FZ "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" usungula uhlu izindawo nezindawo ngaphakathi okuyinto ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, abavunyelwe. Uhlu kuhlanganisa:

1. Territory futhi izakhiwo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zemfundo, izinhlangano zamasiko intsha, ezemidlalo kanye nemfundo ngokomzimba.
2. Amakalishi izitimela nemikhumbi elide / zokubhukuda ukuthutha abagibeli.
3. Izakhiwo nezindawo kunqotjhwe ngalo ukunikela imisebenzi yokuhlenga, wezokwelapha kanye spa.
4. Aircraft, ezokuthutha zomphakathi noma yiluphi uhlobo ezokuthutha nezasemalokishini ezisemadolobheni, kuhlanganise imikhumbi.
5. Izakhiwo senzelwe ukuhlinzekwa kwehhotela, amasevisi yokuhlala, esetshenziselwa yesikhashana yokuhlala / yokuhlala.
6. Territory, esihlinzeka izinsizakalo ukuhweba, catering, amasevisi siqu wenziwa, izimakethe ukusebenza.
7. izakhiwo sotssluzhb.
8. esishintshashintshayo Blue ihlelwe izakhiwo / izakhiwo.
9. Zommbila nezindawo ukusetshenziswa ezivamile emafulethini.
10. Zokudlala kanye ezindaweni elalihlala amabhishi.
11. Passenger ezisekelweni, okuhloswe zokutshala / izakhamuzi udedele-off by zokuthutha emizileni suburban.
12. iziteshi Petrol.

Ngezinye amasayithi endaweni evulekile, futhi usebenza 15-FZ "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema." 15 amamitha - ibanga lapho kufanele kube isakhamuzi oqothulayo imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine netiyela kusuka zokungena emagcekeni:

1. Rail, ibhasi terminals.
2. Iziteshi ezingaphansi komhlaba.
3. Aerial, ulwandle kanye emfuleni emachwebeni.

okuhlukile

Basuke ukufakwa amahora. 2 tbsp. 12 FL-15 "Ku-mthetho zokubhema." Izinhlinzeko Article ukuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, ezindaweni eziqokiwe ngokukhethekile. inhlangano yabo iqhutshwa ngokuhambisana nesinqumo yomnikazi impahla noma umuntu ogunyazwe kuye. Ingxenye 2 of Art. 12 FL-15 "ukuvinjelwa ukubhema" inikeza eziningi izidingo, owawuthi imishini kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni ezenzelwe ngokukhethekile. Ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi, kunqunywa ukuthi ngempela kufanele sifakwe ukupholisa imishini emikhunjini, ukuhlala ku ukuhamba isikhathi eside, kanye ezindaweni eziqhelile e emafulethini. Izidingo Jikelele imishini lwezigaba ekhethekile endaweni evulekile liyakushunyayelwa kunqunywa esiphezulu umzimba federal nokobana umsebenzi ukuqaliswa kwenqubomgomo isimo nomthethonqubo normative emkhakheni ukuhlela zasemadolobheni, izakhiwo kanye nezindlu, kanye izakhiwo zezempilo. Kufanele ukuphoqelela namazinga ngezinyathelo zenhlanzeko okwakufanele lokuhlushwa emoyeni zezakhi ezikhishwe ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine. Enye yezimfuneko zokusinda ukuqoka yezindawo kuyona ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, awavunyelwe kwi FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" - uphawu. nezimfuneko zawo yesondlo, kanye nendlela ukufaka kunqunywa isigungu ogunyazwe kaHulumeni. emizimbeni Regional kwamandla isimo unelungelo lokusungula ezindaweni ezithile noma ezindaweni imikhawulo eminye.

funa zokunciphisa

FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" (njengoba uchitshiyelwe) akuvumeli ukukhuthazwa kanye nokukhangisa imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine yomsizi netiyela. Ukuze ukugcwaliseka lo msebenzi akuvumelekile:

1. ukusatshalaliswa Mahhala imikhiqizo, kuhlanganise ukuze zibe izipho.
2. Usebenzisa isaphulelo ku izindleko izimpahla ngakulahla nganoma iyiphi indlela, ukudalwa izaphulelo kanye amakhuphoni.
3. Ukusetshenziswa wuphawu lokuhweba okuhlose individualize imikhiqizo yezinye izinhlobo zezimpahla, engekho nakunoma esigabeni embuzweni, enqubeni ukukhiqizwa. Akuvunyelwe njengoba izinto okudayisa kanye wholesale mahhala kusukela itiyela-nicotine, kodwa isiqu esithi kusho ugwayi esetshenziswa.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo mbumbulu okukhulunywa futhi ukudayiswa lwezeMpilo Usizo eminye imikhiqizo.
5. Imashi imikhiqizo nezinqubo e ukusetshenziswa kwabo imisebenzi audiovisual ihloselwe izingane. Lezi zihlanganisa kuhlanganise isiqophi namafilimu esenzelwe kuyithelevishini, emsakazweni, kuma-TV, amafilimu, videohronikalnye, ukusebenza ezigcawugcawu nezinhlelo zokuzijabulisa. It is akuvumelekile ukusakaza umlayezo, nokudlala emphakathini, kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukusetshenziswa the imisebenzi, okuyizinto on ukubonisa imikhiqizo kagwayi kanye inqubo ukusetshenziswa yabo.
6. Inhlangano futhi ukufeza imincintiswano, Lotto, imidlalo kanye neminye imisebenzi, isimo ngokubamba iqhaza okuyinto yokufuna imikhiqizo okukhulunywa.
7. Ukusetshenziswa zokuhweba, amagama ezohwebo kanye nezinye esebenzisa individualization of izinkampani zikagwayi e ekufezeni imisebenzi yokusiza umphakathi.
8. Inhlangano kanye nokuqhuba yezemidlalo, ezenkolo, ezamasiko nezinye izenzakalo, umphumela (kuhlanganise kucagela), okuyinto ifeza injongo ugqozi ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ukudla noma bathenge imikhiqizo.

uxhaso

Umthetho Ayikho 15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" ubeka eziningi nezidingo izinkampani ukusakaza imisebenzi audiovisual, okuyinto kuveza ithuba lokubonisa ukuthi isifiso umkhiqizo kanye nenqubo yayo ukusetshenziswa. Endabeni ithelevishini, ividiyo, ifilimu, ithelevishini, uhlelo videohronikalnaya iqukethe ozimele ngokulandelana, umhleli we show ukunikeza kuze kube noma ngesikhathi sokusakaza imiyalezo ngezingozi ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo. Umthetho "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" 15-FZ ivumela ukuboniswa inqubo kukhiqizwa futhi kusetshenziswa yayo ekwazisa izakhamizi mayelana abavumelana nale eziyingozi kakhulu empilweni kanye nomthelela omubi kwezemvelo zemvelo.

Ukuvimbela ukudayiswa obungemthetho

FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" (2015) kuhlanganisa eziningi izinyathelo ukuze kuvinjelwe lesi ukukhiqizwa esihambelanayo uhwebo olungekho emthethweni. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Ukunikeza ezimali Ukukhululwa imikhiqizo, kubenze yonkana TC umngcele ngaphakathi EAEC noma ngokusebenzisa emngceleni zaseRussia, ezokudayisa kanye wholesale ukuthengisa kubo.
2. Ukulandelela imishini lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa, ukuphatha nokusatshalaliswa.
3. Ukugodla amacala ukugcwaliseka emthethweni kwemikhiqizo, ukuletha abantu ababenze ukuba ubulungisa, ekuphucweni dengwane ngokungemthetho, imphahla emngceleni noma TS Russian isimo umngcele, ukuze awabhubhise ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomthetho.

Le misebenzi eyenziwa ngesisekelo ulwazi kumarekhodi intela kanye namasiko, ukufaka izikimu mkhuba noma izitembu ekhethekile, siqu abakhiqizi zabo ulwazi egciniwe. Umzimba federal ukuthi wenza idatha ukuhlanganiswa kanye nencazelo, kanye oda lapho exchange kolwazi phakathi iziphathimandla okugada, kunqunywa kaHulumeni. Ukuvimbela ukuqaliswa emthethweni komkhiqizo kanye isishuqulu iphakethe ngalinye ukuba kuthiwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo isiqondiso lobuchwepheshe.

yokuthengisa inhlangano

Ngokuhambisana uMthetho Federal # 15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema", ukugcwaliseka imikhiqizo akuvumelekile ongumsizi owufanelekela, ukuhweba, tekuphatsa kanye eziphilayo, okugcinwa isakhiwo. Esikhathini engekho endaweni amahholo dolobhana futhi izitolo kuthengiswa avunyelwe kwezinye izinto noma indlela ukulethwa. FZ-15 "ukuvinjelwa ukubhema" ayivumeli ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo nabo emibukisweni yezohwebo, Fairs, akude, izindlela Ulamula, usebenzisa imishini noma ezinye izindlela.

isibonisi kwezimpahla

FZ-15 "ukuvinjelwa ukubhema" ayikuvumeli abathengisi imibhikiso umkhiqizo on the counter. Ulwazi mayelana nemikhiqizo okuqhubekayo balethwa amakhasimende ngokubheja uhlu lwabo. Uhlu umbhalo uyabulawa izinhlamvu usayizi ofanayo, omnyama on isizinda emhlophe. Uhlu kuyakuba alfabhethi. Eceleni kwegama ngalinye ekhombisa izindleko. Uhlu akufanele kube izibalo kanye nemifanekiso. FZ-15 "ukuvinjelwa ukubhema" ivumela ukuboniswa imikhiqizo umthengi ngemva kokufunda uhlu ecacisiwe.

ngaphezu kwalokho

FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema ugwayi" ayivumeli nokudayiswa osikilidi ekhona iphakethe e isamba esingaphansi 20 nama-PC., Nosikilidi nezinye izinto nge ucezu, umkhiqizo, okuyinto ayinakho emaphaketheni umthengi futhi igcwele esitsheni nezinye izimpahla zingenalo i-nicotine yomsizi netiyela.

Imikhawulo abasabalalisi

Njengoba 15-FZ "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema" e izindawo zomphakathi kungavunyelwe, hhayi kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, kodwa futhi ukudayiswa yabo. Siyakwazi ikakhulukazi ukubona ukhuluma ukuminyana mass insiza izakhamuzi '. Lezi zihlanganisa izakhiwo kanye nezindawo esetshenziselwa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ezemfundo, ezamasiko kanye zokungcebeleka, intsha ejensi, ezemidlalo, spa, ukuvuselelwa, nezikhungo zezokwelapha futhi ezitolo ezinkulu, ezokuthutha somhambi zomphakathi nokuxhumana phakathi kwamadolobha, kuhlanganise izitsha, ukufaka, wahlanganyela iziphathimandla zendawo kanye nesimo. Ukwakhiwa ujantshi kanye ibhasi iziteshi, zasemoyeni, ulwandle kanye emfuleni emachwebeni isetshenziselwe ukuhlinzeka amasevisi ukuthutha abagibeli, ngezihloko esiklanyelwe ehhotela kanye yokuhlala amasevisi, izindawo zesikhashana noma ohlala kulo, nezinsiza zomphakathi awavumelekile ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yayo ngokuhambisana zoMthetho Federal -15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema."

Amazwana

isiqondiso Okubukwe usungula imithetho ngempela esiqinile okuhloswe ngaso nokukhawulela ukusabalala imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine yomsizi netiyela. Ikakhulukazi, ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa izinyathelo, isixwayiso ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yizingane. Linikeza zokuphatha, civil kanye kwezigwegwe isibopho sezomthetho izinhlangano ezephula izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Federal Law # 15 "Ku-mthetho zokubhema." Izinhlawulo kanye nezinye penalty kwabalelwa ngokuvumelana Administrative Ikhodi nezinye amakhodi. isenzo normative futhi kuvimbela ukudayiswa imikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine ngaphakathi ngamamitha 100 emgceni locondzile kusukela iphuzu eliseduze emngceleni insimu ngaphakathi esihlinzeka izinsizakalo zemfundo. Lapho amabanga ekubaleni awacatshangwa izithiyo zemvelo kanye yokufakelwa.

ukuqapha

Ukuhlola ukusebenza wokungenelela onqophe nokuvimbela lokuhogela intuthu, kanti ukwehla ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, kuhlanganisa:

1. Buciko ucwaningo. Basuke okuhloswe ngazo cwaningo izimbangela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo, ekujikelezeni nemiphumela ezivukayo, nokuhlola izenzo nokugqugquzela ukuqaliswa kwezinqubo kanye nokusetshenziswa.
2. Icacisa isimo sezempilo Dynamics labantu ekuphunguleni isibalo ababhemayo izakhamuzi. Zisetshenziswa umklamo okwalandela kanye nokuqaliswa izinyathelo ezihlose ukulwa ukusabalala imikhiqizo.
3. Ukugcwaliseka izifundo sanitary epidemiological ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ekhona.

FZ-15 "Ngo nokuvimbela ukubhema ezindaweni zomphakathi" enquma ukuthi kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda ukusebenza kanye nokuqapha imisebenzi ukuze kuvinjelwe umthelela ongemuhle nomusi bancipha abantu abazisebenzisayo imikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine inikeza isigungu nokobana nemisebenzi umklamo nokuqaliswa kwenqubomgomo yomphakathi kanye zokulawula ukulawulwa ubudlelwane emkhakheni wezempilo, isigungu izakhiwo ukwengamela ukusebenza ezindaweni inhlalakahle sanitary epidemiological izakhamizi, ukuvikelwa consum amalungelo ebitelskih, amarekhodi kwezibalo. I-oda imisebenzi yabo ngaphakathi imithetho emiswe ukusebenza kuhulumeni. I ukuqapha nokuhlola wokuthatha amagadango eyayifunwa imithetho izinhlangano Russian Federation abathintekayo ngokuhambisana nemithetho yendawo, kanye ngesisekelo izivumelwano ne umzimba federal esiphezulu enifeza ekuthuthukisweni kanye nasekuqalisweni kokusebenza lezi zinyathelo, kanye nokunikeza ukulawulwa zomthetho emkhakheni izindaba eziphathelene nempilo yomphakathi.

Ukusebenzisa kokuhlaziywa kanye nokuqapha imiphumela

Ngesisekelo izibalo etholwe ukuhlaziywa ukuphumelela wokuthatha amagadango kuhlelwe ukuze kuvinjelwe umthelela ongemuhle intuthu kanye nokuncipha ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, federal isigungu ukuthi imisebenzi ku-ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqaliswa kokusebenza kwenqubomgomo kahulumeni kanye amaqhinga ezempilo asebenze zokulawula zamakhambi, uthi:

1. Ukwazisa izakhiwo ogunyaziwe amandla izifunda, omasipala kanye izakhamuzi izinga ukusetshenziswa nomkhiqizo, ekujikelezeni, kanye izinyathelo eziqhubekayo noma kuhlelwe okuhloswe ngaso ukunciphisa yayo.
2. Kutfutfukiswa izinyathelo zokunqanda ekwandeni nokudayiswa obungemthetho imikhiqizo. Kufanele kufakwe izisulu Ukuvikelwa impilo kanye nokugqugquzela izinhlelo, kanye kwesu ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwezempilo.
3. Ukulungiselela kanye ukwethulwa kombiko ukuqaliswa kwe-Russian Federation zoMthetho WHO Framework Convention on ekulweni ukusetshenziswa ugwayi.

Izimiso eziyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa sabantu

Ukuvikelwa impilo yezakhamuzi kusukela imiphumela emibi intuthu kanye nemiphumela ugwayi kusekelwe:

1. Ukuhlonipha amalungelo abantu emkhakheni wezempilo inhlalakahle.
2. Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka, abagulela ukufa, ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa ithonya intuthu kanye ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine yomsizi netiyela.
3. Umthwalo zikahulumeni nezinhlangano zazishintsha zaba nemizimba iziphathimandla zikamasipala, izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye osomabhizinisi ngamanye ukuqinisekisa amalungelo abantu empilweni.
4. Izinhlelo yokusondela wokuthatha amagadango kuvinjelwe ithonya intuthu nokwehlisa imiqulu ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, ukungaguquguquki kanye ngokuqhubeka kokusebenza kwabo.
5. I kuqala izindaba eziphathelene nempilo yomphakathi ngaphambi ekuhwebeni izinkampani ugwayi.
6. Ukunikeza i-RF ngokubambisana ngamazwe emkhakheni ukuphepha kwezakhamizi kusukela imiphumela emibi intuthu kanye nemiphumela ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.
7. Ukuxhumana zikahulumeni, emizimbeni basekhaya, izinhlangano ezingokomthetho, osomabhizinisi ngabanye kanye lonke amabhizinisi labantu, non-ugwayi.
8. Sobala kanye ukuzimela ukuhlolwa ukusebenza ukuqaliswa izinyathelo ezihlose ukulwa ukusabalala imikhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwalo.
9. Ukwazisa umphakathi mayelana nemiphumela emibi ukusetshenziswa imikhiqizo equkethe itiyela-nicotine, kokubili bona imvelo.
10. Isinxephezelo umonakalo owenziwe wempilo, impahla izakhamuzi, impahla amafa osomabhizinisi ngabanye noma izinhlangano ezingokomthetho ukuthi sekukhona emiphumeleni intuthu kanye nemiphumela ugwayi.

Amandla zikahulumeni

Ngaphansi kohlaka ukuqaliswa kwe-FZ-15, ama-ejensi kahulumeni ukuhlinzeka:

1. Ukulandelwa kwale nqubomgomo yokusetshenziswa esihlanganisiwe isimo emkhakheni wezempilo yomphakathi kusukela imiphumela emibi intuthu kanye nemiphumela ukusetshenziswa imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine yomsizi netiyela.
2. Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo isakhamuzi kanye umuntu emkhakheni inhlalakahle sanitary epidemiological.
3. Ukuhlinzeka ukunakekela kwezokwelapha lalolo, okuhloswe ngaso ophela ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi, ukuphathwa ingozi yokulutheka kanye imiphumela ukusetshenziswa umkhiqizo zezempilo ngokuhambisana nemithetho yamanje.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa izinyathelo ukuze kuvikeleke impilo yomphakathi, kubenze bakwazi ukukhomba izinhlelo kanye namasu kazwelonke yokuthuthukiswa ohlelweni lwezempilo.
5. Ukuhlela umsebenzi izidumbu esiphethe igunya isimo, izinhlaka zokuphatha lesifunda emkhakheni ukuvikelwa sabantu kusukela imiphumela emibi intuthu kanye nemiphumela ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi.
6. Inhlangano kanye nokuqaliswa ukulawula isimo emkhakheni ukuvikelwa kwempilo yomphakathi.
7. nokubambisana International WaseRussia, kuhlanganise ekuphetheni izivumelwano nezinkampani tetakhiwo letifanelekile amazwe emkhakheni ukuvikelwa sabantu kusukela imiphumela emibi intuthu kanye ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi.

Igunya sihlanganisa ejensi kahulumeni futhi enze ukuqapha kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinto okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa nokusakazwa amavolumu izihloko equkethe itiyela-nicotine. I-oda nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi, sekhono zalezi zakhiwo zinqunywa imithetho kahulumeni. Iphinde eliqondisa umsebenzi emizimbeni ogunyaziwe emkhakheni eziphathelene nempilo yomphakathi ekugcineni emiphumeleni ugwayi.