Inqubomgomo Imali: izici jikelele

Ngo isakhiwo inqubomgomo angaphandle kwanoma yiliphi ilizwe indima ekhethekile eyadlalwa komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali, okuhlanganisa iqoqo izinyathelo silondoloze ukuzinza izinga lokushintshisana kwe-lwemali isimo kanye nokuhlinzekwa ubudlelwane angaphandle kwezomnotho, okuyinto enqophe okuhlosiwe kuhlelwe yentuthuko komnotho omkhulu. inqubomgomo zokushintsha zangaphandle bubonakala njengoba iyingxenye ebalulekile jikelele uhlelo lezomnotho othuthukileko we isimo, kanye lezo zigaba kubalulekile njengoba kwezimali, okwenza imali kwesakhiwo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali uhlelo. Ake sihlole lokhu umqondo kabanzi.

Umgomo wezimali - iyona indlela lwemali isiqondiso nokuhlela amasu zangaphandle, belinganisa isikhundla zezwe ezisemthethweni ngokuphathelene ukulawula nokusakazwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe kanye imikhawulo ethile yezingcingo exchange, kanye exchange-rate umbuso. Amathuluzi eyinhloko komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali - uxhaso, ukungenelela parities. Ngokomthetho, lolu hlobo inchubomgomo yembuso oluyonqunywa umthetho lwemali, elawula inqubo zegolide imisebenzi kulo lonke leli zwe.

inqubomgomo lwemali kuhlanganisa lezo zigaba kubalulekile njengoba exchange rate ukuphathwa, ukuphathwa convertibility kwenqubomgomo lwemali kazwelonke kanye ukulawula kwamanye amazwe izinqolobane of the state. Esebenzisa izinhlelo ezimbili luphambene wesi of exchange rate ngumbuso kunqunywa uhlobo oluthile komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali. Hlukanisa emkhatsini esinqunyiwe kanye elintantayo exchange rate. Phakathi kwalezi ongakhetha kungenzeka inhlanganisela eziningi ezahlukene ukuthi lunikezwe unenkululeko inqubomgomo yemali.

Ukukhetha komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali bezingelwa nohulumeni wezwe, indlela ebaluleke kakhulu ezithinta ezingeni amanani ezidayiswayo edayiswa kokubili ezimakethe ezifuywayo angaphandle. Umgomo wezimali - isakhiwo ashukumisayo kakhulu, ezakheke kanye izakhi Ungashintsha bedle ezihlukahlukene izici we kwemvelo komkhakha zezimali zomhlaba, isimo somnotho wezwe lonke, ivolumu ukukhiqizwa yezimboni, ukulingana kwamandla kwezombusazwe emhlabeni, kanye nezinye izimo kubaluleke.

Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke kokuqhuba komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali - motto uhlelo enikeza ukulawulwa kazwelonke exchange rate by ukuthenga nokuthengisa imali namazwe angaphandle. uhlelo ezinjalo zingase lungeza ngezindlela eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, lwemali imikhawulo kokungenela, diversification kwamanye amazwe izinqolobane, kanye nabanye.

Manje izwe hlabelela angaphezu kweshumi nambili ezahlukene komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali imibuso. Ezinye uthi, eqhuba emikhulu yizinguquko kwezomnotho, aye ayisebenzisa kaningi isu kabili exchange angaphandle emakethe, okubandakanya ukwehlukana uhlelo olulodwa ibe izingxenye ezimbili: emkhakheni esemthethweni ukuze usetshenziselwe ukuthengiselana commercial, kanye nomkhakha emakethe, okuyinto elibamba ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi yezimali kanye exchange.

Kodwa izindlela zesintu kwenqubomgomo yemali namanje uhlala ukwehla (nokuncipha siqu exchange rate yayo liqhathaniswa ne-dollar), kanye revaluation - ukwandisa kulo nyaka.