Isakhiwo okwakwaziwa ososayensi ngokoqobo ifilosofi

Ngaphansi ulwazi ukuqonda isiqalo nesigcino izinqubo, izindlela kanye nezinqubo yokufuna ulwazi izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene futhi izinto. Injongo ulwazi, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi ezahlukene, kuba kahle amandla emvelo, ukuphelela yomuntu, kanye ekufuneni iqiniso.
Cognition sehlukaniswe yesayensi kanye nesayensi. Esikhathini yokugcina, esikhundleni salokho, ukwaba ulwazi abavamile, kwezobuciko, basezinganekwaneni nakwezenkolo. ulwazi lwesayensi iyahluka kwenye nezinye izinhlobo. Kuyinqubo kokuzuza ulwazi Nokho ngezinga elithile subjective futhi isihlobo, kodwa okuhloswe ngaso imithetho kuveza ezihlobene ngokoqobo inhloso, okungase ngokuthi ngokoqobo. Inselele ebhekene kolwazi lwesayensi, iyona incazelo, incazelo kanye ukubikezela izinqubo kanye izenzakalo ezenzeka ngokoqobo.

Isakhiwo ulwazi lwesayensi eqala division yayo ku amazinga, okuyinto izinhlobo angawodwa nezindlela cognition. Isakhiwo ulwazi lwesayensi inamazinga ezimbili - ifomu ka-theory kanye nama enokwehla izindlela. Abanye abacwaningi ukuhlukanisa ezingeni lesithathu - indlela metatheoretical ka cognition.
Ezingeni enokwehla, kukhona ukuqoqa ubufakazi, ubufakazi enokwehla, kanye nje okungaqondile yabo eyinhloko.
The main izindlela enokwehla ulwazi amaphuzu amabili eziyisisekelo Ukuqaphelwa futhi ucwaningo. Okubukwa - indlela ukuthi siqukethe in onenjongo, wakuhlela ukubulala, ihlelwe bezibona izinto zezwe, sithembela bezibona yemizwa emhlabeni lapho ukuba bathole ulwazi mayelana nemvelo kanye izakhiwo into. Ukuhlolwa eqala, ngokungafani kuya kuhlola, kungenzeka ithonya asebenzayo on the izenzakalo noma izinqubo.
Ezingeni theory, idatha kusetshenzwe futhi amaqiniso etholwe empirically ezikhonjwe uxhumano yangaphakathi phakathi izenzakalo ezahlukene. Kulelizinga of yesayensi isakhiwo ulwazi ethulwa imicabango nemibono. Hypothesis - kuyinto hypothesis yesayensi echaza iyiphi mkhuba futhi idinga ukuqinisekiswa zokuhlola kanye elungile theory. Imfundiso - kuba uhlelo ezitatimende esihlobene futhi ubufakazi echaza futhi ubikezela izenzakalo endaweni inikezwe. Imfundiso kumele libonise imithetho umgomo bemvelo umphakathi.

Isakhiwo ulwazi lwesayensi ifilosofi kuhilela kwenye level - metatheoretical. Kukhona ukufakwa zefilosofi, kanye nezindlela nemibono, kwamazinga, imithethonqubo, njll regulatives On ezingeni meta-theory eba emhlabeni yesayensi.
Isakhiwo ulwazi lwesayensi kusho ubudlelwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko yolwazi ngesimo theory kanye nama-enokwehla ngempela bahlobene. ulwazi enokwehla ngokubhekisisa zokucwaninga iqoqa idatha entsha, inkanuko ulwazi theory, bemisa imisebenzi emisha kanye nolwazi theory, esikhundleni salokho, ifingqa futhi uchaza izenzakalo etholakala empirically, futhi kubeka imibono eyayisinesikhathi phambili futhi eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma Siyadinga enokwehla.

Isakhiwo ulwazi lwesayensi ifilosofi kulandela isakhiwo ulwazi non-ngokwesayensi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi lwesayensi kwaholela ekuhlukaneni yesayensi ku eyala. Isayensi isakhiwo kwezigwegwe has a imvelo ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, esigabeni sika-isayensi ku eyala, imikhakha, izigaba ukuvumela umuntu othize ngokukhethekile udaba oluthile futhi silitadishe ngokujulile. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu lunye ubulala ulwazi jikelele, okubangela ukulahleka yobuqotho yayo. Yingakho ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze waqala inqubo yokudidiyela isayensi, okwaphumela ukuvela wesayensi entsha eslphambanweni yibo ekhona. Ngakho, kukhona Bionics, esebenzisa isakhiwo sezinto eziphilayo ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo biology nobuchwepheshe ukuze uxazulule izinkinga ubunjiniyela