Isihloko kanye umsebenzi umnotho

ithiyori Economic - a letindzala, nokuchaza yesayensi yizenzo zabantu ngokusebenzisa izigaba, imithetho, imithetho oluthunyelwe imiqondo ethile. Yena study imithetho, imithetho ukuthuthukiswa imisebenzi kwezomnotho, njalo methodological futhi ezicatshangelwayo zezinkolelo-neminye imikhakha yesayensi.

imisebenzi

abalobi ezahlukene ukukhomba izici ezihlukahlukene zalo umnotho njengoba isayensi, phakathi lapho:

1. Scientific nokuwusizo.

Kunezici ezimbili:

• esisebenza ngokungaguquguquki njengomthetho amaqiniso, ubufakazi, izinhlinzeko zoMthetho ngokoqobo ngokuhlaziya, sibangelwa imiqondo yesayensi;
• ezikhundleni, imiqondo kudalulwe izigaba, imithetho, imithetho ukuthuthukiswa, okuvumela ukuba ukwazi ubunjalo lokukhiqiza, ukusabalalisa exchange kanye ukusetshenziswa.

2. ezibucayi.

Isayensi njalo inqubo yocwaningo ebhekene izindlela ezahlukene, ukwahlulelwa, izinqumo. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha umqondo othile, kufanele asondele isimo esibucayi, futhi ufakazela ukubaluleka kwazo noma ukwehluleka.

3. UMkhandlu wezoMnotho kanye esisebenzayo (ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-pragmatic).

Ingqikithi yalo umsebenzi emnothweni ukuthi kufanele ukusiza ukufeza imiphumela wangempela, ekhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa ukukhiqiza emphakathini. Kodwa kubalulekile lapha ukuze bakhumbule ukuthi ithiyori kwezomnotho akusho ukuthi sikwenze ukuze bafundise abanye indlela ukuhlwanyela, ukwakha izindlu, ukukhiqiza amafutha. Kuyinto umsebenzi neminye imikhakha yesayensi ethize - ezolimo, ukwakhiwa kanye nabanye. Imisebenzi yezomnotho kukhona ukunikeza izindlela zokuxazulula ezihlukahlukene izinkinga zomnotho.

4. I-Predictive.

Ukutadisha futhi systematizing izinqubo ezenzeka emhlabeni, okwembula imithetho, izigaba, imithetho, it ikuvumela ukubikezela ukuqhubeka, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukubhekana ngokugcwele izidingo ekusetshenzisweni ngokugcwele izinsiza.

5. methodological.

Ingqikithi yalo umsebenzi emnothweni wukuthi lokhu isayensi isisekelo okwakhelwe kuso ukucacisa isikhundla kwendaba ngayinye, focus yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle (emakethe, ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni, uhlelo post-ezimbonini), kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinkinga kukhona ukulinganisela ethize.

6. Umsebenzi Sikhungo.

Ihlala kwetinhlavu izimo zengqondo ezithile, indlela abheka ngayo izinto ezindabeni ezithinta izithakazelo umphakathi. Aqakatheke kakhulu, lo msebenzi uthola ngaphansi deideologization isayensi kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila komphakathi.

Kwenye indlela, imisebenzi umnotho zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:

• inhlangano ukukhiqizwa, ukukhula komnotho;
• ukusebenza;
• ukusebenza okugcwele;
• inkululeko kwezomnotho;
• ezinzile intengo ezingeni;
• nokuvikeleka;
• ibhalansi ukuhweba;
• ekulondolozweni imvelo;
• ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo imali.

kuncike

Ngo izincwadi zanamuhla kuqashelwe izindlela ezimbili kahle le ndaba. Ngokusho ezomnotho omuhle, kuba ukuchaza lokho okushiwo yinkulumo izinqubo kanye izenzakalo, kanye ukwenza izincomo ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kwezinqubomgomo zisuselwa ekuhlaziyweni practice langempela (isakhiwo onobuhle, khulula ezahlulelweni subjective). Ngokwe normative ezomnotho, isihloko ichaza izimiso yokuziphatha kwezomnotho ukuthi kukhona isisekelo ukusebenza ukuhlola (Iingwebo subjective ngakho kufanele kube indlela).

Ngakho, amazwi ayisihloko indlela nemisebenzi theory kwezomnotho, kufanele kusho ukuthi isayensi indlela umphakathi isebenzisa izinsiza eziyindlala ukwenziwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nangokomoya futhi ihambisa kubo phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukahlukene labantu. Ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwezomnotho - isayensi study yini ukukhiqiza, kanjani ukukhiqiza, elingafunwa ukukhiqiza.