Isisulu kusho yezokuthutha: incazelo imithetho kanye nezincomo

Phakathi ukhiye imisebenzi usizo lokuqala kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izindlela ngokushesha futhi efanele kokuthutha isisulu esibhedlela. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukunyakaza okubi ibe imbangela Ukuwohloka isimo somzimba abalimele, nomthelela ongemuhle inhliziyo ohlelweni futhi kubangele ukushaqeka ezibuhlungu.

usizo lochwepheshe enkingeni

Yiziphi izindlela ezahlukene ukuze bayise isisulu? I oluyilo kakhulu okuthiwa indlela yesikhathi eside lapho lokuthumela kuthatha odokotela ochwepheshe eziphuthumayo.

Lokho ochwepheshe abafanelekayo sikwazi ukunikeza ukuphepha kanye lula esiphezulu lapho kokuthutha Olimele yokumsiza emva ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo endaweni yesehlakalo. Ngenxa yalesi ama-ambulensi akhethekile anemisila uhlaka kalula retractable, okunikeza induduzo esiphezulu kuya umuntu olimele e inqubo ezihambayo.

Uhlaka efakwe ohlangothini olimele (lapho yomgogodla lilimele - endaweni ekahle). abantu 2-3 phansi omunye amadolo eceleni kwesidumbu isandla enempilo, ngobunono ufingqa izandla ngaphansi ukuvumelanisa abalimala futhi kususwe. Kukhona indoda khulula odlulela umuntu uhlaka isisulu ku owakubeka ngokucophelela nezinye abatakuli.

Zabalindisango (3-4) Kufanele sihambe kancane, hhayi ngempela emlenzeni, bezama ukuthola ebusweni anolaka. Lapho ephakamisa izinyathelo abalimele edingekayo yokwenza phambili ikhanda lakhe ngesikhathi sokwehla - izinyawo wokuqala, nge uhlaka kumele kube ngokuqinile ovundlile njalo.

Uma kungekho isikhathi ukulinda usizo

Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezimo lapho ukuthutha abantu, bese ezilimele, kubalulekile ukuba sigcizelele emahlombe abo kubantu abaye bashumayeza nesimo esibucayi noma usengozini ukhombe eseduze. Ezokuthutha lomuntu olimele Kwenziwa ngokwa lapho:

• akukho amathuba a ukufika ngokushesha ambulensi;
• ukuba khona usongo ekuphileni kusayithi yokulimala (isibonelo, kujantshi, intuthu noma esakhiweni esivuthayo, usongo nciphisa).

Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinjalo abathintekayo zokuthutha, futhi njengoba esiphuthumayo iDemo.

ukusetshenziswa eziphuthumayo uma khona usongo ngqo ukuphila, isikhathi kuthatha imizuzwana 5-30. Ukususwa kwezimiso endaweni ingozi usebenzisa noma iyiphi izindlela ezifanele ukuthuthwa isisulu. Ngo inqubo ethwele (zokuthutha) kukhona awokuthi umonakalo budedengu impilo yabantu, kodwa empini ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe kufanele iziqondiso zokuhamba dengwane.

Siza ekhaya

ukunyakaza esifushane inikezwa yi abebedlula ibangana indawo eseduze ephephile (ngaphakathi endaweni engaba 50-300 metres), lapho usizo oludingekayo zizonikezwa. Isisulu kufanele idluliselwe ngokuqapha esiphezulu, uzama bazivikele ubuhlungu.

Njengoba izimo zokuphila kwanamuhla le layperson indlela yesikhathi esifushane elisetshenziswe kaningi, kufanele wazi imithetho ebalulekile abulawe yayo. Ilungiselela ezokuthutha irhelebho womuntu, kuzomele uqale ukuhlola isimo nobunjalo ukulimala, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa entanyeni nomgogodla. Kudingeka nokuba ukuhlola inhloko, thorax, esiswini, ukhalo, emikhawulweni, okuyinto uma umonakalo kufanele kugcinwe phakathi zokuthutha. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ezazi; lapho equlekile isheke ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokuhamba of isisulu at umonakalo yinto ehlukile? Yisisulu ngemuva kokulimala kabi, iyiswe ngaphandle kokushintsha ukuma komzimba. Uma ungase uhlukumeze yomgogodla wesibeletho, kubalulekile ukuba ulungise ikhanda nentamo ndawo.

Ezokuthutha zezisulu: izinhlobo nezindlela

Ezimweni kuqhathaniswa eziyingozi ukuze kuvinjelwe asphyxia (ngenxa ababambelela kolimi) nokufaka umgudu wokuphefumula ubuhlanzo isisulu idluliswe kusukela ekhanda waphendukela eceleni.

Ukuhambisa ku "ngasohlangothini" isikhundla elivezwa:

• ukuhlanza;
• ukusha;
• abazi lutho;
• non-eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini amanxeba engxenyeni ezingemuva umzimba (senyonga ezinqeni emuva).

Esikhathini "ehlezi" isiguli kufanele uyiswe lapho:

• ukulimala yesifunda thoracic, entanyeni;
• esitho waphuka.

Ukuze "lisalele" nezinyawo iphakame kancane lapho:

• umonakalo endaweni besisu;
• abalulekile ukopha;
• ukopha zangaphakathi.

Ukuhambisa "lisalele" nge izinyawo kancane buhlanjululwe kanye roller popliteal sicabangela:

• ngomonakalo yomgogodla, emgogodleni;
• ukwa amathambo okhalo.

Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene kokuthutha isisulu, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo lesiguli. Uma ungazizwa kahle kufanele ayeke futhi uqale emizamweni ukutakula indoda. Yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule kufanele kwenziwe kuze umsebenzi zokuphefumula elibuyiselwe noma ngeke khona ochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Sebenzisa konke ezandleni zakho

Lapho yokuntuleka ekhethekile stretchers esidlule kungenziwa akhiwe kusuka amathuluzi atholakalayo (amabhodi, imijabo, izingubo zokulala, izikhwama, amajazi). Into esemqoka ukuthi idivayisi ephathekayo Bawulondoloza futhi ayikwazanga ukumelana yonya umzimba womuntu. Lapho rigidity we stretchers esikhashana ngaphansi nesineke kufanele ufakwe ngaphansi noma iyiphi impahla esithambile (izingubo, hay). Njengoba izintambo uhlaka singasetshenziswa 2-3 ibhande, intambo awugqinsi, zidwedwe tarps, amathawula, amashidi.

Ngezinye izikhathi usizo lokuqala wenziwa endaweni lapho azikho amathuluzi atholakalayo noma isikhathi sabo ukukhiqizwa. Esimweni esinjalo abalimele senziwe izingalo ethwele. I izindlela main yezokuthutha ehlaselwe oyedwa:

• ngemuva (uma kudlwengulwe kugcinwa esimeni);
• esandleni noma ehlombe (uma umuntu ibuthakathaka kakhulu, noma aquleke).

abatakuli ababili olimele okuthwala 'ukumbopha' izandla wajoyina 3 noma 4, inqobo nje uma wesibili engqondweni futhi ingakwazi ukubamba.

Ezokuthutha zezisulu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, abantu esisodwa noma ezimbili, kwenziwe phezu amafushane futhi kudinga amandla amakhulu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa uhlaka wayibhinca

Move isisulu lula kakhulu ngokusebenzisa uhlaka ezizibeni - obukhulu ngendwangu ibhande bopha metal ngoba nokubopha ekupheleleni kokubili. Ukuze kube lula nokudluliswa uhlaka, kusukela wayibhinca kumele basonta ndawonye "eziyisishiyagalombili" loop, bamba ukuze ukukhula yenethiwekhi. Loop, ubude baso kufanele luhambisane ububanzi span ohlukanisile uhlangothi, kuzuba emahlombe akhe ukuze yayisethafeni owela emuva. I elengayo ezinhlangothini loop, okufanele ezingeni izandla, kuthiwa threaded izibambo uhlaka. Le ndlela kusiza kakhulu isisulu ekuthwaleni umthwalo phezu izandla.

Kubalulekile ukuthi inqubo kokuthutha umkhululi ngokuziphatha kwakhe, izingxoxo, izenzo psyche Ubuningi bamahora kokululama abalimala futhi yamqinisa ziqiniseke umphumela omuhle lomcimbi.

Yiziphi izindlela ezahlukene kokuthutha isisulu ukuze amanzi kukhona

Izingozi phezu kwamanzi kungaba senziwa izimo ezahlukene: ukungakwazi ukubhukuda, ngibhukuda ngenkathi didekile kokunikezwa kwe- imithetho yokuziphatha phezu kwamanzi, ukwethuka, ukwesaba, kanye nokunye. Le ndoda isenkingeni uvalo nokwesaba, abakwazi ukubheka isimo soberly: okwenza ukunyakaza lutho kunezinxushunxushu buthakathaka ngokushesha futhi ilahlekelwa amandla ayo.

Yiziphi izindlela ezahlukene kokuthutha isisulu ukuze amanzi? Ukutakula indoda ominzayo udinga ukuthatha eziningi lokhu okulandelayo:

• eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kulo umhlaba;
• ukususa izingubo zangaphandle izicathulo, ukuze ugweme ukunqwabelana amanzi Ihambe emaphaketheni akhe;
• ukuze sifinyelele emanzini baziphonse ukugwiliza;
• ukucwiliswa kucwila ngaphansi kwamanzi ungene futhi uzame ukulibheka noma thola;
• ukuba ngibuyele emuva ngingahambi.

Ngo inqubo insindiso kumelwe liqondwe ukuthi umuntu ominzayo uyingozi umkhululi wakhe njengoba liphindelela linamathela konke lokho ongafinyelela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqeda esisindisa engatholwa kucwila njengoba fast ngangokunokwenzeka, ngenkathi kuzanywa ukwenza ngomoya ophansi futhi buthule.

Izindlela ethutha isiguli amanzi:

• ubambe ngemuva ekhanda nge kwesilevu ngezandla zombili (imilenze kuphela ihambe out);
• push isandla sakho sobunxele ngaphansi ngesandla sokunxele ominzayo ngenkathi kuzanywa ubambe esihlakaleni ka Ngakolunye uhlangothi (umugqa owodwa kuphela ngeke ingalo nomlenze);
• ubambe ngezinwele, ubambe amanzi kucwila ikhanda, indawo ibhodi lemisindo yakho (ukugwedla ngesandla esisodwa bese izinyawo).

Ukugcina ominzayo

Ngemva ukulethwa kucwila ogwini (izindlela zokuhamba phezu kwamanzi abathintekayo efakwe ohlwini ngenhla) kufanele umnike kona usizo oluphuthumayo:

• Siza ukuqeda amanzi zisezikhathini kwezitho zangaphakathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka uthole olunye amadolo, beka umuntu kuye esiswini phansi, umlomo wakhe evulekile. Hands ucindezele ngemuva esiswini, ngaleyo ndlela ukukhulula umzimba kusukela amanzi.
• umuntu afakwe emishinini yokuphefumula. Strip ominzayo, ziphenywe ungene emuva zakhe, ikhanda lakhe isebangeni esiphakeme noma emadolweni. Ncinza ekhaleni lohlaselwayo, amaphaphu ami bese umoya emlonyeni wakhe: I-4 imizuzwana mayelana 1 nomthelela okhishwa ngamakhala.

• Feza esifubeni compressions (uma kunesidingo). Hlela izintende omunye, ubekwe ominzayo esifubeni. Phakathi umoya atishaye ukukhiqiza 4 ingcindezi. esifubeni ingcindezi kufanele kube ngokwanele ukuba offset sternum wawenziwa phansi cishe 5 cm.

Kungcono ukuletha ekuphileni isisulu kuphela, umuntu oyedwa ukwenza massage, kanti eyesibili kwenza umuntu afakwe emishinini yokuphefumula.