Ivan Pyryev: Biography, ukuphila siqu, Filmography, izithombe

Ivan Pyryev - edumile waseSoviet umqondisi ifilimu, owanika abantu eziningi movie engqondo. Babukeka manje. Buka futhi bahlonipha. ithalente lakhe ezingaphelelwa isikhathi.

Abantu abaningi ukhumbule futhi azi ukuthi yini eyayilungile Ivan Pyrev. Biography ukuphila komuntu lesi sibalo esikhulu cinema Soviet namanje ekhulunywe baxgeki, izazi-mlando nezingqapheli abalandeli-movie Soviet.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalelwa 11.04.1901 ngonyaka. Indawo yokuzalwa: edolobhaneni Kamen-na-Obi (Altai Territory). Njengazo zonke abalimi bangaleso sikhathi, abazali bakhe esechithe izinsuku lonke emasimini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzama ukunikeza umndeni nge imali eyengeziwe, unina noyise Vanya kancane ngubani ukulayisha lwesinkwa kwi isikebhe esinesinqe esibanzi sokuthwala impahla enkulu. Ngo-1904, uyise wayengekho - wabulawa kokulwa. Ngemva kwalokho, umama wahamba wayosebenza, no-Ivan washiywa ezandleni kayise Osip Komogorov. Futhi wayehlala nomkhaya omkhulu elijabulisayo Old Amakholwa Umkhulu iminyaka engu-10. Lapho Vanya eseqedile ibanga lokuqala, umama bakhe beza kuye. Wamthatha kuya Mariinsky, lapho zahlala Tartar Ishmukhametov Amirov. Wayelethwa wahlanganyela zohwebo izithelo emakethe, wayeyindoda nolaka futhi ukucasuka, futhi lapho esephuzile, waziphonsa angena empini. Umama nendodana wahlupheka Antics Amirov okwamanje. Kodwa uma zikhula Vanya akakwazanga ukumelana. Phakathi elilandelayo zokudakwa sekusuke isidumo usingababa yena ngathatha imbazo, waphuthuma waya Amirov. Futhi lokho kwenzakala ngaphezulu igwala kanye scoundrel: yena ignominiously wabaleka baphephela isiteshi samaphoyisa. Ngemva kwalokho u-Ivan kwakungasekho okunye, wahamba "ukuze abantu."

intsha

Ngo-1915, u-Ivan Pyryev kanye lapho kuzofika izitimela lixuku waya ngaphambili. Walwa 32 th eshalofini laseSiberia, kwaze kwaba kabili elimele. Ukuze Merit Military wathola umklomelo eGeorge Cross 3rd kanye degrees 4th.

Ngo-May 1918, wagula ne-typhus. Kodwa umzimba ezincane eziqinile ngokushesha ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Masinyane ngemva ekululameni kwakhe wahlanganyela iRed Army futhi KwamaBolshevik Party. Isifiso sakhe aphumelele kwamenza ongavamile iRed Army kamuva ukhushuliwe umholi wokuqala bezombusazwe bese kuya uvukela. Yingaleso sikhathi Pyrev waqala ukutadisha at idrama esikoleni Gubprofsoveta. Kukhona iphutha umhlangano wakhe kwesibhamu nge Grigoriem Aleksandrovym, okuyinto kakhulu abathintekayo isiphetho professional Pyreva.

Ivan wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo nenhlangano Ural Proletkult. Edolobheni eYekaterinburg wathatha igama isigaba e-Altai, okwesikhashana wake waba ilungu professional idrama qembu. Ehlobo lango-1921 e eYekaterinburg babuka Okwesithathu eMoscow Art Theatre. UGrigory Alexandrov no-Ivan Pyryev Yajabula kakhulu futhi ngimangaliswe umsebenzi wabo, ukuthi maduze watimisela kuya eMoscow.

Moscow Conquest

Enhloko-dolobha yase-imisebenzi yakuqala njengoba kumdlali play baba indima Sergeya Eyzenshteyna "I-Mexican." Futhi movie waqale wabonakala njengomuntu clown e ifilimu emfushane "Glumova Diary." Khona-ke Pyrev wayesebenza esikhumulweni Vsevolod Meyerhold. Abaningi babesakukhumbula iwigi wakhe oluhlaza lapho wadlala indima Bulanov ku "iZihlobo Zasehlathini". Endleleni, umqondisi esizayo Ivan Pyryev uqondisa amakilabhu eziningana amateur wasifaka yokususa uthuthuva oratorios ku efanele, omagazini bamuva be-isikhathi.

Ngo-1923, ngempumelelo iziqu umfundi GEKTEMAS esebenza umnyango. Futhi umqondisi, wafunda isikhathi esithile. Ekugcineni, wakwazi ukukhuluma ezweni cinema, okuyinto wayemagange ngakho. Pyrev lokuqala wamabhuku umqondisi umsizi. Bomsebenzi kanye ithalente kwakusobala cishe ngokushesha futhi ngaqala ukukhuluma ngaye ngokuthi "iNkosi labasizi." On the uMazibuko ngesikhathi emadokodweni kuhletshwa ukuthi, nokuba e Pyreva abasizi, ngisho umqondisi umpofu ngaphumelela.

I amafilimu lokuqala

Yiqiniso, wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthwebula bebodwa. Ngenxa nje ukuqondana kwezinto ujabule ukuze le nsizwa, ebhayisikobho Soviet ayazi kahle ukuthi ungubani Ivan Pyrev. Filmography kuye waqala ngokubutha comedy satirical "nowesifazane wesinye isizwe". Iskriphthi lokhu ifilimu, eyabhalwa N. Erdman futhi A. Mariengof, lwenzelwe imvelo ehlobo. A Ehlobo 1928 kwaba zemvula, ukudubula njalo lihlehlisiwe. Ivan Aleksandrovich ngoba emfushane amasonto amathathu rewrote script kanye wathwebula movie. Ngakho esibukweni izoveza isithombe yayo yokuqala.

Umzamo wokuqala kwaba 'akulona clod. " Kodwa-ke sekulandela uchungechunge ukwehluleka. satirical ahlekisayo "izikhulu zikahulumeni" Okwesibili, wathwebula ngo-1931, yabekwa ukugxekwa. Ngenxa yalokho, kwadingeka ngokuhlelwa kokulungiswa, ngenxa umqondo ngandlela-thile esilufifi we ifilimu, futhi impumelelo uye indiva le phathi imidwebo.

ku Doghouse

Futhi ifilimu olandelayo "Village of the last" iye yathonywa isimo zezombangazwe nezenhlalo isikhathi, futhi ngokukhethekile ukuvela kwezindaba collective emzabalazweni kumelwene nombuso kulaks. Engqungqutheleni isinqumo sokuthi "izithakazelo Kunalokho isithombe izithakazelo isimo", futhi u-Ivan Pyryev (bheka isithombe. Ngezansi) lasuswa kusukela ekwakhiweni.

Ngo-1933, IA Pyrev uphothula idrama ngokuphila emantombazaneni amathathu isiJalimane, ngokuthi "elihambayo sokufa." Abalingisi babe nesifiso sokuthandana actress Ada Voytsik, uTamara Makarova futhi Veronica Polonsky ngubani zabhekana kangcono nalezi ukudalwa izithombe abasebenzi abasha. Kwaba ngokuhamba abasebenza kuleli ifilimu, phakathi Ada Ivan Wojcik Pyreva yimuphi ubuhlobo obuseduze naye. Kamuva, bashada, wabeletha indodana, u-Eric.

Ukuthola yena

Ngemva kwekhefu, ubude eminyakeni embalwa umqondisi wasiphakamisa ukudlala umlobi isikrini Catherine Vinogradskaya umsebenzi, okuyinto ayebizwa ngesiqu esithi ukusebenza "Anka". Ngaphansi kokuqondisa IA Pyreva abadlali (indima isihloko wahlabelela Ada Voytsik) lidlulisela kahle drama iyiqiniso. ubuholi Izwe eyakwazisa isithombe. Isihloko sokugcina ifilimu "Ithikithi Party."

Nokho, impumelelo enkulu of ifilimu umbukeli ayizange. Futhi kwakungeyona ngokwanele ukuba uqinise isikhundla Ivan Alexandrovich at "Mosfilm". Inkinga ye-Creative, akuyona ngokuphelele umsebenzi yimpumelelo ngokuhlanganyela kwaholela yokungezwani ebuhlotsheni nomkakhe. Pyrev, ngisho baphikisana ukuphathwa, waya Kiev, lapho eqala ukusebenza ngomhla lithathelwe iskripthi screenwriter Eugene Pomeschikova. Basabela kanjani izilaleli ubuka ahlekisayo zomculo "uMlobokazi Rich" (1939) ngesasasa. Isigqi okusheshayo, ubuhle, ngomdlandla gaiety ezinhle yayiyingxenye yazo zonke isiqephu isithombe, kanye umculo Isaaka Dunaevskogo ebhaliwe ngqo movie, wenza soulful, kumnandi indaba nakakhulu futhi ubhekane namaqiniso. Iqhaza main e movie wenziwa Marina Ladynina, kamuva elaba unkosikazi wesibili ku-internet Ivana Pyreva.

Marina Ladynina unkosikazi futhi muse

comedy Okulandelayo "izixaxa" ku indaba kancane okuphindaphindiwe odlule. Nokho, lapha umlingisi losemcoka, okuyinto futhi ehlanganiswe esikrinini M. Ladynina kwaba nginenhliziyo futhi sinamandla. Nakulokhu futhi, intuthuko eyenziwe futhi Pyreva Ladynin phakathi ethandwa kakhulu izibalo yamasiko isikhathi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wa ngaphakathi thanda nga Marina Ladynin, Ivan Aleksandrovich washiya umkakhe wokuqala Ada Wojcik, kodwa uthando indodana yakhe, u-Eric akazange nimyeke ahambe ngokuphelele. Khona-ke wabuyela izikhathi eziningana ukuba inkosikazi yokuqala. Kodwa uthando olusha sasikhona. Ladynina kwaba Pyreva salokhu muse. Yena izinkanyezi ku ayisishiyagalolunye opholile wakhe, kodwa eziningi zazo ibe yimpumelelo enkulu nezethameli. Ada Voytsik bahlupheka kakhulu. Kwakuthiwa wayeze wafuna ukuzibulala. Kodwa-ke isikhathi zibuthuntu ubuhlungu kabi. Wayeka.

Ivan Pyryev athuthukile uhlobo Poetics conflict- ahlekisayo lyrical, okuyinto wahlabelela ngezindumiso komsebenzi nokuphila izici ezinhle zezwe lokhokho. Lokhu ngempumelelo komculo we "indlalifa yowesifazane" futhi "izixaxa Abashayeli". Lokhu incazelo abamahlaya isibe uhlobo ejwayelekile ahlekisayo Soviet maphakathi XX leminyaka.

neminyaka yempi

Ukuthwebula omunye amahlaya best of the ifilimu namaSoviet "Pig nomalusi" wethulwa ngoNhlolanja 1941, kwathi ngo-June, impi. Amalungu amaningi crew, kuhlanganise ngokwami, Ivan Alexandrovich, abaye basisebenzisa ngayo ngaphambili. Nokho, ubuholi wezwe ngaphambilini ukuphothula umsebenzi kwi ifilimu. Nge Ladynina e indima isihloko, isithombe kwaba nempumelelo enkulu, ekubeni omunye Amatshwayo omoya nokholo okungcono kulezo nzima abantu Russian empini.

Enye ifilimu, lapho umsebenzi wenziwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe II - kuyinto "uNobhala LamaKhomanisi" (1942). Likhuluma ngamaphathi umsebenzi engabandlululi. Umdlali oyinhloko, induna yabashokobezi Kochetov (adlalwa umlingisi Vanina), izenzo zabo elinesibindi nobuqhawe abaningi ugqozi lokuba ahlanganyele 'abaphindiseleli amabutho abantu. "

Impi nezilima imiphefumulo izigidi zabahlali Soviet. Ukukhulisa ugqozi abantu, IA Pyrev kususa ifilimu "Ngehora lesithupha ekuseni kusihlwa ngemva kwempi". Ngenhlanhla, umqondisi creative of indlela ukubikezela ukunqoba ayenencazelo engokwesiprofetho.

Khona-ke, e-ifilimu asizange wasebenzisa igama elithi "zomculo". Kodwa-ke kule uhlobo wadutshulwa "Ngehora lesithupha ekuseni kusihlwa ngemva kwempi", futhi lo msebenzi elilandelayo Pyreva "Ballad yeSiberia" (1948). Kulesi futhi kwenye ifilimu Ifaka esanda isebenze ngomfazi Ivan Alexandrovich Marina Ladynina yesibili. Ngokushesha base kokubili ukhishwa isihloko abaculi Yabantu ye-USSR.

uthando Kugcine

Lokhu kwabe sekulandela esinye futhi ifilimu "Kuban Cossacks", egcwele kakhulu ehlelweni elithile. Lokhu comedy romantic, lapho uM Ladynina sidlala enye yezinkulumo izindima zakhe engcono, futhi manje ujabulela ithandwa enkulu phakathi abathandi movie.

Kwakungesinye umsebenzi wabo wokugcina ngokuhlanganyela. Ivan Pyryev, empilweni yakho, futhi kuze kube wayekade sikhathi ekhulunywe zonke eziseceleni futhi bonke abantu umxhwele nge kwakhe kothando.

Ukuqala umsebenzi ifilimu "ubuqotho babo buvivinywa" noma Pyrev noma Ladynina ungase ungacabangi ukuthi isithombe kuyoba ezithoba kubo ongokwesiprofetho. Marina A. wadlala owesifazane onomyeni uyaqhubeka. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi, u-Ivan Aleksandrovich ihlangabezana intokazi actress ULyudmila Marchenko.

Yena, lapho ephila njengomuntu ovuthiwe, owayo uthandana ubuhle abasha, ukulala wakhe ngezipho nemisebenzi emisha. Nokho, ULyudmila, esemdala ngokwanele ukuba nobaba noma omkhulu awaphendulanga izimangalo Pyreva futhi "yebo" noma "cha", engesabi ulaka nokwenqaba categorical abakhulu abaphezulu. Khona-ke wabuyela umndeni ke ebashiya futhi. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka eminingi kuze Marina Alekseevna Ladynina hhayi wafaka isicelo sesehlukaniso. Ukusabela Pyreva, ngaleso sikhathi ngaqaphela ukuthi Marchenko akahambi ukuyixhumanisa ngokuphila kwakhe, kwaba nodlame kakhulu. Sangisongela ukuthi Ladynina ephelelwa umsebenzi wakhe: uyokwenza kanjalo, ukuthi akukho umqondisi akazange ammeme wakhe. Nokho, it is ejabulela uhlamvu oqinile, kodwa behlukana. Futhi Ivan Pyrev, biography, ukuphila siqu elaqala ngayo isiqongo party, wagcwalisa usongo wakhe, mina O Ladyninoy ngilukhohliwe. Wabizwa ekhaphethini, ngakho wayiyeka ukushushiswa actress ULyudmila Marchenko, kodwa wathi kwaba uthando lwakhe lokugcina futhi ngaphandle Lyunechki (njengoba ayekubiza kanjalo ULyudmila), ke nje ngeke zisebenze. Yingaleso sikhathi, Marchenko oshadile kuka imbangela intukuthelo ongalawuleki Pyreva. Ngalo, wenza okufanayo njengoba ne Ladynina, ngomyalo iyakwenqabela abaqondisi wamcela ukuba avele nokudala izithiyo umsebenzi ezigcawugcawu.

Ivan Pyryev futhi Lionella Pyreva: ukuphila siqu futhi basebenze kuleli iminyaka engu-50 -60h

Lapho esethathe umhlalaphansi emsebenzini wakhe ekhanda, yena ngempumelelo kususa lithathelwe Dostoevsky esithi "Idiot" inoveli. Nokho, lokhu okulandelayo imisebenzi yakhe zokuthumela okufanayo "Nights White" Dostoevsky yehlulekile.

Phakathi nezinyanga zokugcina inkathi yokudala wayethethelela ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi. Pyrev wakhethwa isekela of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, futhi kamuva wasebenza njengoba iPhini likaSihlalo we-Greater Arts Council of the Ministry of namabhayisikobho wase-USSR. Kwakukhona futhi umqondisi bokubeka "Mosfilm" ngisho umqondisi walo.

Kamuva washada no-actress, owaba unkosikazi wakhe wokugcina. It Lionella Skirda. Ivan Pyryev futhi abesifazane bebelokhu ekhethekile ephathwayo ezingxoxweni Bohemians wedolobha. Lionella ngisemncane ngaphandle komyeni wakhe iminyaka engu-37. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kushiwo eduze Pyreva abantu, akalokothi bengasathandani ngimalile ULyudmila Marchenko. Umqondisi wayeseqiniseka e ehlaselwe ukucindezeleka, futhi lokhu wathatha Lionella abasha.

Ngosuku lokugcina ephila

Lapho i-Union of cinematographer, ihlelwe Pyreva, beqashelwa, walahlekelwa isihlalo esiyisiqondiso okumelwe omunye umuntu, wabe ukuhumusha iphupho ubudala: ". Abafowabo Karamazov" lithathelwe ifilimu ka Uchungechunge lokuqala wadutshulwa. Ubude kuhlelwe izingxenye ezintathu. He is, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, wasebenza nokuzinikezela egcwele. Februwari 7, 1968, wabuyela ekhaya, njengenjwayelo, sekwephuzile futhi ukhathele. Ngaya ukulala futhi ungalokothi waphaphama.

Yebo, wayengumuntu sibalo impikiswano. Kodwa ngegalelo lakhe emlandweni cinema Soviet kuyinto engenakulinganiswa. He qamba imidwebo, okuyindawo lusuka injabulo nesisa. Okungenakudanjiswa, okungenakudanjiswa, esisuka, lokhu kwaba Ivan Pyrev, ogama biography efakazela isihlobo sakhe emhlabeni, uthando. Wayefuna ukuthi amthathe ekonke ukuphila futhi ophilayo nsuku zonke njengoba last.