Izidakamizwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba. Amalungiselelo futhi izindlela zokuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba

Amasosha omzimba (immunitas Latin - kulahlwa, ukukhululwa okuthile) kuyinto nokuba khona amasosha omzimba umzimba ukuze izinto ezithwala izifo futhi izinto yohlobo athwala ulwazi angaphandle ezakhini zofuzo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula. Ngokujwayelekile, kubonakala kuyindlela yemvelo yokusabela ukuzivikela ezintweni ezithile. Okwamanje, abaningi bazibuza ukuthi yini imithi ngcono ukungatheleleki. Le ndlela izochazwa kamuva.

Isebenza kanjani?

Ngu definition, amasosha omzimba iqoqo ekusabeleni kokudabuka phakathi izinhlelo abafanele kanye ejenti asebenzayo ohlobo (antigen), okuyinto zenzelwe ukugcina ukuqinisela imvelo sangaphakathi i umzimba (homeostasis). Okulandelayo, sibheke le nqubo ngokuningiliziwe.

Lapho i antigen ingena emzimbeni kwenzeka obandakanya ne ukubulawa amasosha omzimba. Okusho ukuthi, kukhona uhlobo enjalo definition njengoba "izihambi" noma "wakho". Ngemva kwalokho, kukhona ukuphendula okuhambisanayo. Okungukuthi, uma sekube isingeniso antigen angaphandle, amasosha omzimba amasosha omzimba abelwe. Ngosizo lwabo wabhubhisa izakhi enonya. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi amasosha omzimba humoral. Ngavula lokhu amagama uPawulu Ehrlich.

Ezinye amagciwane (amabhaktheriya, amangqamuzana omdlavuza nokunye okunjalo. D.) Kwangathi ziyobhekana ziqedwe ngokushesha. "Yidla" izakhi zabo ezifana phagocytes. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi amasosha omzimba yeselula. Yimi evulekile I. Mechnikovym. Lezi nokuxolelwa kuthiwa kuhlobene bodwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-phagocytes, ama-bacterium oqothulayo, akhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nalo.

Incazelo izimpawu amasosha omzimba kahle ezinganeni nakubantu abadala

Umngcele phakathi evamile futhi yehlise ukusebenza ngumsebenzi mncane kakhulu, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba ngokuzimela ukunquma. Ngakho-ke, kulesi simo, kudingeka ukuba bathintane immunologist noma Udokotela awe-aleji. Iyoyimisa ocwaningweni laboratory ezifanele futhi ukucacisa amalungiselelo adingekayo ukuze bephakamisa amasosha omzimba.

izimpawu ongaqondile ekhombisa ukwehla kwalesi ipharamitha kungaba:

• Ukuba khona imikhuhlane njalo, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ngonyaka izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-5. Amazinga aliphumi kakhulu.
• Izenzo ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka jikelele, ukuphathwa ikhanda, blue ngaphansi kwamehlo, ukuphaphatheka isikhumba. Nokho, lezi zimpawu efanayo kungenzeka nezifo igazi. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho lezi zimpawu kufanele afune usizo lodokotela.
• Okuvela somnolence, ukuqwasha.
• ukuvuvukala Buhlungu ka axillary futhi wesibeletho lymph node, futhi ubende.
• Livela izinzipho ziyaqothuka, zibuthuntu izinwele posechennyh.
• Ukubonakaliswa ukoma futhi flaking kwesikhumba.
• Liluphawu ukwehluleka izivikeli mzimba, ukudla nomzimba, amakhaza, ilanga, kanye ukukhwehlela ezifanele kanye rhinitis.
• Okuvela dysbiosis emathunjini. Kulokhu kukhona Ukuwohloka esesuthi, ukubuyisa, sezinyawo kahle, kwesisindo.

Amalungiselelo amasosha omzimba ezinganeni

Ingane uchayeke kakhulu SARS kanye umkhuhlane virus. Kulokhu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo kungcono izingane ukuba amasosha omzimba:

• "Temiflyu" kuphumelela ngoba umkhuhlane virus "A" futhi "B". Lokhu ukulungiselela ihlinzeka isenzo esithile, okungukuthi sisiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kanye Lokusakaza wathi igciwane emzimbeni womuntu. "Temiflyu" is hhayi Kunconywa ukuthatha hypersensitivity kuya izithako. Inqubo yokwelapha kumele kuqale kungakapheli izinsuku 2 emva kuqala izimpawu kokuqala Umkhuhlane. Umuthi lufanele lwenteke phakathi ukudla, futhi kungalesi sikhathi ekuseni nakusihlwa. Inkambo ukuphathwa ligcinwe phezu izinsuku 5. Lesi sidakamizwa kufanele athathwe kuphela kudokotela.

• "Rimantadine." Leli thuluzi isetshenziselwa prophylactic nokwelapha ku umkhuhlane virus "A" isigaba. Lesi sidakamizwa aluboniswa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7. Ngokuvamile, lokhu izidakamizwa ungakuvumeli ukuba ukubonakaliswa engemihle. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi, ukusabela kungenzeka nomzimba. Lezi zihlanganisa ukukhohlwa, ubuthongo thuthuva, uvalo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.
• "Acyclovir" - indlela ohlobo namagciwane. Uphuzwe endabeni ethile, okungukuthi ukubonakaliswa herpes igciwane. Nale izidakamizwa kungavimbela kumiswa alandelayo izibazi, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga e izibilini, ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka soma futhi ekunciphiseni izinhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu sidakamizwa sisiza zishukumisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni.

imithi enjalo ayatholakala izinhlobo ezahlukene. Kungaba ithebhulethi, isixazululo (ngoba umjovo emthanjeni), amafutha okhilimu (ukwelashwa ngezihloko ezihlukene). Lesi sidakamizwa is contraindicated ku nosana. Kubalulekile ukwazi. Tablets ebekiwe ingane emva kweminyaka 2 imithamo efanayo abadala. Isingeniso yesixazululo Kwenziwa wezingane ezintathu ubudala. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ukhombe isigamu umthamo omdala.

Amalungiselelo amasosha omzimba

Kulokhu, izinhlobo eziningana azibonayo. Imithi ezithuthukisa izivikeli mzimba, kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi nethonya indlela futhi imvelaphi. Senibheka esigabeni ngasinye kabanzi.

amalungiselelo Engamakhambi:

• Echinacea. Lesi simila likhona Asteraceae umndeni, equkethe 10 izinhlobo. Ethandwa kakhulu kukhona Echinacea purpurea. Ngezinhloso yezokwelapha zisebenzisa zonke izingxenye zalesi sihlahla, okungukuthi amaqabunga, sifanamsindvo, izimpande, izimbali. Echinacea iqukethe esiningi amafutha abalulekile kanye amavithamini. It kunomphumela elwa namagciwane futhi elwa namagciwane ngqo. Futhi, lokhu imbiza kusiza ukugqugquzela amasosha omzimba cell aqashwe, okungukuthi, inikeza ukwanda isibalo leukocyte egazini. Ukulungiswa ethandwa kakhulu eliqukethe Echinacea, kuyinto "Immunal."
• Eleutherococcus. Kuyinto uhlobo izihlahla ezinameva nezihlahla omndeni ka ararlievyh. Inkantolo zihlanganisa 30 izinhlobo. Njengoba isitshalo okwelapha lasetshenziswa kule ndaba, rhizomes nezimpande. Eleutherococcus sisetshenziswa ngendlela akhiphe ekhethekile. Liqukethe eziningi ewusizo mayelana nomzimba womuntu izidakamizwa babe anti-ukucindezeleka umphumela. Futhi-ke has-caffeine, Nokho kubonakala esikhathazayo sokuhlala siqaphile futhi ukusebenza luyanda ngemva ukungenisa.
• Ginseng anezakhi eziningi zokwelapha. Ukwakheka le impande kuyafana e Eleutherococcus. Kodwa ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuba caffeine ukuthi kungabangela yokulutheka kanye ukweqisa izidakamizwa, okungaba yingozi isifo senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• magnolia Chinese omvini - zisetshenziswa zezimila eziqhakazayo. Yidla izithelo zawo. Kusukela emakhasini awo ungakwazi yenza itiye. Lesi sidakamizwa inezinto eziningi Vitamin "C". Futhi, magnolia Chinese omvini has a enamandla eqabulayo umphumela okukhuthaza impilo nokucindezeleka ukumelana. Uma kuziwa ukuqwasha yokweqisa. Leli thuluzi okufanele zithathwe ngokuqapha cores nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

amalungiselelo webhaktheriya

Leli qembu ethize izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi zinezigaba lamaseli virus. Usebenza ulula: amaprotheni webhaktheriya, eba phakathi komzimba womuntu, kungukuthi yizifo futhi ukuzivikela komzimba ukuze lesi silwanyana. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho hit kule bacterium uhlelo elihambisana bayobe sebekhona kakade amasosha omzimba "ahlomile". Izidakamizwa ukwandisa amasosha omzimba enza njengabo. ngokugoma.

• "Imudon", "Ribomunil", "Likopid" "IRS-izakhi 19 tifaka ekhatsi amagciwane okuyizinto izifo ezivame kakhulu esithathelanayo elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula.
• "Uro-Vax" kuyinto lysate-bacterium ezifana Escherichia coli. Isetshenziselwa uma izifo okungalapheki ngomgudu womchamo, okuyinto zibangelwa lokhu lwegciwane.

Imikhiqizo equkethe interferon

Imithi ezithuthukisa izivikeli mzimba, zihlukaniswe subgroups ezimbili:

• Interferon womuntu. Emzimbeni, zazo zikhona mayelana 20. Bona zihlukaniswe subgroups ezintathu (gamma, beta-alpha). Ukukhiqizwa izinto ezinjalo ngo weenhlahla wenziwa bengabantu ngabanye ngesimo amamiksi elihambisana. Ngokwesibonelo. "Viferon", "Laferon", "Grippferon", "Velferon" nokunye. umkhiqizo wabo wenziwa usebenzisa ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo noma usebenzisa igazi elithekelisiwe.
• Evuselela ezikhiqiza interferon endogenous - kuneqembu labasebenzi wahlanganyela ekulweni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezifana, okungukuthi, "Arbidol", "Anaferon", "Kagocel", "Amiksin," etc ...

Ukuthaka imithi aqukethe nucleic acid

Le mithi ngoba ephakamisa amasosha omzimba kukhona stimulators bangangenwa yilesi sifo amaselula kanye humoral. Izimiso indlela izenzo zaso bengayiqondi ngokugcwele. Ngoba lezizinto ikakhulu elisetshenziswa webhaktheriya uhlobo izifo (okubalwa kuzo nesifo sofuba kanye nentuthuko) kanye ngcono yokugoma ezifana derinat kanye sodium nukleinat.

Futhi le mithi ukuthi amasosha omzimba, ziye zathi umphumela amanxeba. Lokhu kwenza kwabo usizo kakhulu khona amanxeba purulent kanye ukusha. Ezinye izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa izivikeli mzimba, isetshenziswa njengoba evuselela ukukhiqiza interferon-hlobo izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokwesibonelo, "Ridostin".

izindlela thymus

Ngenye indlela, kulesi sigaba sibizwa ngokuthi peptides immunoregulatory. Lezi zihlanganisa "Thymosin", "Timalin", "Timogen", "Timaktid" futhi t. D. iqembu endala ka immunomodulators eyaziwa kusukela 70, kuyinto kula i-elementi ezifana le ndlala thymus kwezilwane. Sisebenzisa zishukumisa izingxenye ezithile amasosha omzimba. Kuyinto ngempumelelo ebukhoneni immunodeficiency uthi, okuyinto anesizotha kubangelwa izifo ezingamahlalakhona. Ngokwesibonelo, izilonda trophic, isifo sofuba, kanjalonjalo.

Stimulators isigaba biogenic

Leli qembu kuhlanganisa izidakamizwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba kwabadala. Zisekelwe isilwane noma isitshalo kwezicubu. Inkantolo zihlanganisa: "Aktovegin" Aloe akhiphe "biosed", "Pheebs," "gumizol".

bromide azoximer

Umuthi empeleni esasisesisha kulesi sigaba kuyinto "Polioksidoniy". It yasungulwa ngo-1997. Okwamanje, kusenzima izindlela zithandwa kakhulu. It possesses immunostimulating, antioxidant, detoxifying futhi ulwelwesi eliletha ukuthula umphumela. Ingqikithi anezakhi hepatoprotector. Ukuze andise bioavailability yayo, sidale izidakamizwa ngokuthi "Longidaza". Leli thuluzi inhlanganisela "polioksidoniya" futhi "ligase".

amavithamini

Zinikeza ukuzinza we izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni womuntu, kanye usizo ukubuyisela omzimba impilo. Nokho, okuhle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo ukuthi anamavithamini. Kukhona imifino eziningi, izithelo, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, izinhlanzi zasolwandle, nokunye. D.

Dlulisa Factor

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-50-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule, ekutholakaleni amaprotheni ethize kwenziwa. Asiza ukudlulisa ulwazi kusuka kwesinye isitokisi bazifake kwesinye uhlobo mzimba. Uma lokhu kwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana phakathi amasosha omzimba humoral kanye neselula. Isiqalo nesigcino lezi amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa isici. Phakathi-yalolucwaningo 80 kwekhulu XX inkampani «4Life Ucwaningo» isungule isizinda ubuchwepheshe yayo kusukela inkomo colostrum futhi inkukhu amaqanda izikhupha. Kulokhu, njalo esiqondile wamiswa. Kunalokho ukuthi izici inkomo Dlulisa ncamashí womuntu. Ngenxa yalokho, futhi sasinamaphiko umqondo inkanuko ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba womuntu ngale ndlela.

isiphetho

Ngemva kokufunda le mininingwane engaphezulu, wonke umuntu uyokwazi ukuthola impendulo yombuzo othi, yini amalungiselelo amasosha omzimba khona, ukuthi nokuthi basebenzisa ziphi izindlela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zonke izimali yalolu hlobo kufanele okungenani zithathwe ngemuva kokuxoxisana udokotela.