Izimpawu namaqhawe "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" Nekrasov

"Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" - omunye wemisebenzi edume kunazo NA Nekrasov. Enkondlweni, umbhali wakwazi ukubonakalisa kwabo bonke ubunzima nokuhlupheka iyahlupheka abantu Russian. Ikakhulukazi abalulekile kulo mongo izinhlamvu isici. "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" - umsebenzi ocebile elinezinhlamvu elikhanyayo, ekhululekile futhi yokuqala ukuthi esihlokweni.

okusho Esanduleleni

A indima ekhethekile ukuqonda umkhiqizo udlala ekuqaleni inkondlo "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia". Wesisusa buviyoviyo fabulous okusikhumbuza uhlobo "Ngo umbuso ezithile":

Ngayiphi ngonyaka - ukubala,

Ngayiphi umhlaba - ukuqagela ...

Okulandelayo lichaza Guys, okuvela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene (Neelova, Zaplatova njll). Zonke amagama amagama izikhulumi, bona Nekrasov kunikeza incazelo ecacile izindawo nezinhlamvu. Esanduleleni sayo kunala mazwi iqala uhambo amadoda. Ngalesi ekupheleni, futhi izakhi fabulous embhalweni, umfundi wethulwa emhlabeni wangempela.

uhlu izinhlamvu

Zonke izinhlamvu kule nkondlo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amane. Iqembu lokuqala liqukethe nabalingiswa abasemqoka, hamba injabulo:

• Damian;
• Roman;
• wire;
• imbilapho;
• Ivan Mitrodor Gubiny;
• Luca.

Bese kuba khona kulendawo: Obolt-Obolduev; Glukhov; duck; Shalashnikov; Seine.

Serfs futhi abalimi, wahlangana abahambi: Yakim Naga, Igor Shutov, Ermil Girin, Sidor, Hypatia Vlas, Klim, Hleb, uJakobe, Agape Proshka, Savely, Matrona.

Futhi izinhlamvu okungezona ezakho ukuba amaqembu amakhulu: Vogel, Altynnikov, Grisha.

Manje cabanga izinhlamvu ayisihluthulelo enkondlweni.

Dobrosklonov Grisha

Grisha Dobrosklonov livela isiqeshana "Idili", le umlingisi lunikezelwa yonke isiphetho sendaba umsebenzi. nguye ophuma esikoleni sobufundisi, indodana umabhalane edolobhaneni elikhulu Vahlaki. umndeni Grisha sika iphila kulabo ababempofu kakhulu, kuphela sibonga umusa we abalimi ephethwe yayishukumisa yena nomfowabo Sava. Kuthiwa umama wabo wafa uhlangothi abasha waqasha ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile. Grisha ngoba isithombe sakhe ihlanganiswe ne isithombe ezweni: "Njengoba uthando unina ompofu, uthando kubo bonke vahlachine".

Nakuba namanje ingane nanhlanu, Grisha Dobrosklonov wanquma ukuchitha ukuphila kwakhe ekusizeni abantu. Esikhathini esizayo, efuna ukuya eMoscow ngoba izifundo, kodwa okwamanje, nomfowabo abalimi njengoba zingasiza: isebenza nabo, wachaza imithetho emisha, befunda imibhalo, wabhala izincwadi. Gregory ubhala iculo elotshwe kugcinwa ubumpofu nokuhlupheka kwabantu, izingxoxo ngekusasa Russia. Ukuvela kwalesi uhlamvu sithuthukisa inkondlo lyrical. Isimo Nekrasov ukuze iqhawe yakhe ngokucacile omuhle, umbhali ebona izinguquko abantu, okufanele isibonelo kwezakhi engenhla umphakathi. Grisha lizwakalise imicabango nesikhundla Nekrasov, ikhambi izinkinga zezenhlalo nesimilo. I sibonelo lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye kubhekwa NA Dobrolyubov.

Ipat

Ipat - "yizikhonzi ebucayi" ngoba ubiza Nekrasov, futhi lesi sici ungezwa indida imbongi. Ukuhleka kubangela yomdlali ongabazi nje lapho zifunda ngokuphila kwakhe. Ipat - uhlamvu elibi, waba owumthombo le Lackey abathembekile, inkosi yayo isigqila uye wahlala ngokwethembeka inkosi yayo, ngisho nangemva ukuqedwa serfdom. Uyaziqhenya futhi ubona isibusiso esikhulu esikhathini indlela yenkosi yakhe akhazinyuliswe emgodini, usetshenziswe ukuba inqola, ukulondolozwa ekufeni, okuyinto yena ongakholwayo uyakulahlwa. uhlamvu enjalo akakwazi kubangele Nekrasov ngisho uzwela, kuphela uhleko nokwedelelwa ingazwiwa ingxenye imbongi.

Korchagin Matrona Timofeevna

Ongumlimi Matryona Timofeevna Korchagin - Heroine, okuyinto Nekrasov enikelwe yonke ingxenye yesithathu nkondlo. Lena yindlela imbongi uyayichaza: "owesifazane portly ka abangamashumi amathathu lesishiyagalombili, ububanzi futhi obukhulu. ... amehlo amahle enkulu ... enemikhuba elimnyama. ihembe wakhe sundress ezimhlophe kufushane kakhulu. " Abavakashi kuholele owesifazane kwezwi lakhe. Matrona uyavuma ukutshela ngokuphila kwakhe, uma amadoda ukusiza ngesikhathi sokuvuna. I isihloko salesi sahluko ( "ongumlimi Owesifazane") ugcizelela isiphetho ejwayelekile abesifazane Russian Korchagin. Futhi amazwi umlobi "akunjalo phakathi kwabesifazane ukubheka ojabulayo, 'kugcizelela ubuze ekufuneni imihambima.

Matrona wazalwa ngo Timofeevna Korchagin teetotal, umndeni omuhle, futhi wayehlala khona ngokujabula. Kodwa ngemva komshado, kwathiwa "esihogweni": Ubabezala - a udakwe, umama ezeni umthetho, umakoti ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele ngaphandle eqondisa emuva kwakhe. Yena nomyeni wakhe Matrona waba nenhlanhla; yena emshaya kanye kuphela, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle ebusika, wayeyisisebenzi ayizisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, owesifazane, futhi kwakungekho muntu asukume, kuphela owazama amvikele - Umkhulu Savely. Owesifazane ehlupheka ukuhlukunyezwa Sitnikov, lapho kungekho umkhandlu, ngoba umphathi Manor. Induduzo kuphela Matrona baba ingane yakhe yokuqala - DEMA, kodwa ngenxa kwaba yiphutha Savely efa: Boy udla ingulube.

Kuthatha isikhathi, Matrona, izingane ezintsha, bayafa ngenxa abazali bokuguga Umkhulu Savely. I ezilukhuni kunazo zonke eminyakeni mafutha, lapho wonke umkhaya ukuba azibulale. Lapho umyeni wakhe, umlweli zokugcina, thatha isosha uhlelo, ke uya emzini. Umthola ikhaya kanye iziteleka jikelele emilenzeni kumkayo, ecela ukuba ingenele. Ngokusebenzisa ngosizo Matrona jikelele sika nomyeni wakhe emuva ekhaya. Kwaba ngemva kwalesi sehlakalo konke bazizwa eyodwa lucky. Kodwa esikhathini esizayo, owesifazane elinde abanye amashwa: indodana yakhe endala kakade ibutho. Nekrasov, efingqa, wathi ukuthi isihluthulelo senjabulo zabesifazane lulahlekile eside.

Agap Petrov

Agap - indoda inappeasable futhi beyiziphukuphuku, ngokuvumelana onolwazi of abalimi zakhe. Futhi zonke ngoba uPetru akazange ufuna ukuba sibekezelele othile ebugqilini yokuzithandela, lapho isiphetho abalimi kwaphoqa. Into kuphela ukuthi ngabe bekwazi ukumehlisa ulaka - iwayini.

Lapho wabanjwa ethwele lwamakholi kwamahlathi yenkosi, futhi asolwa ngokweba, akakwazanga ukumelana futhi wenza konke aphethe akucabangayo ukuthi sinjani ngempela isimo izindaba nokuphila eRussia. Klim Lavin, angafuni ukuba zijezise Agape elinegazi ngonya phezu kwakhe. Khona-ke, befuna ukuba amduduze, sinisela. Kodwa ukuhlazeka nokuphuza ngokweqile kungaholela hero yokuthi wafa ekuseni. Lena imali ngoba ilungelo abalimi baveze imicabango yabo kanye enithanda ukuba khulula.

Veretennikov Pavlusha

Veretennikova wahlangana amadoda Kuzminskiy ndawo ukujabulisa, wayengumuntu ngalendoda of temdzabu. Nekrasov kunikeza incazelo uneventful yendlela ebukeka ngayo futhi akakhulumi ngemvelaphi yayo: "Yeka ukuthi luhlobo luni, isikhundla, akazi ukuthi amadoda." Nokho, ngasizathu simbe, isibiza ngokuthi umnumzana. Lokhu ukungaqiniseki kuyadingeka ukuze isithombe Pavlusha egqoka imvelo generalized. Against ngemuva zabantu Veretennikov ivelele ngokuba ukukhathazeka yayo mayelana isiphetho abantu Russian. Akayena ingqapheli ngabandayo, njengoba amalungu sebuningini amakomiti ngasebenzi okudalula Yakim Naga. Nekrasov ugcizelela umusa futhi Ukuphendula uhlamvu oye imakwe ukubukeka lokuqala isenzo kwakhe ngokungenabugovu: Pavlusha kusiza umlimi othenga izicathulo nomzukulu. Ukukhathalela koqobo abantu kanye nabahamba a "umnumzana."

I sibonelo wakhonza njengephayona indlela ethnographers, folklorists Pavel Rybnikov noPawulu Iakushkin abathintekayo kule nhlangano yeningi 60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XIX. Isibongo kungokwalabo okufanayo intatheli PF Veretennikova ezaziyikhonza Fairs yasemakhaya futhi imibiko eshicilelwe ku "eMoscow Izindaba".

uJakobe

Yakov - inceku ethembekile, a serf wangaphambili, sakhe utshelwa ingxenye inkondlo onesihloko esithi "Idili." The hero wayeyingcweti kweqiniso, wahlupheka isijeziso futhi kwenziwe ngaphandle nokububula, ngisho umsebenzi olusindayo. Lokhu kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba kuze umnumzana esasithanda umakoti lomshana wakhe, akabamukisanga ukuze isevisi wekuhlanganisa. Yakov lokuqala saqala ukuphuza, kodwa namanje wabuya kumnikazi. Nokho, indoda yayifuna okuziphindiselela. Kwake kwathi lapho ibithwele Polivanova (master) kudadewabo, uJakobe washiya umgwaqo Ravine kaDeveli, unharnessed ihhashi hung phambi umnikazi, engasafuni ukuphuma khona ukuthi ubusuku bonke eyedwa nonembeza wakhe. amacala afanayo yokuziphindiselela ngempela Kwasakazwa phakathi abalimi. Njengoba ngesisekelo nomlando wayo wathatha Nekrasov indaba weqiniso ayezizwe AF Kony.

Ermila Jilin

Izimpawu namaqhawe "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwencazelo lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye. It Yermil akunakubangelwa yibo lucky abafuna lezihambi. Prototype hero baba AD Potanin, ongumlimi, umphathi izindlu Orlov, ezazidume ngokutshala ubulungiswa kwalo okungakaze kube khona.

Jilin udumo kubalimi ngenxa yokwethembeka yayo. Sekuyiminyaka eyisikhombisa wayengumuntu imeya, kodwa kuphela uma uvunyelwe ngokwami ukulisebenzisa kabi igunya benganikezwa nomfowethu omncane wakhe Mitra futhi bavume ukubuthwa. Kodwa isenzo esingenabulungisa phambi Ermila bahlukunyezwa ukuthi cishe esezibulala. Ukungenela ukulondolozwa umnumzana, uye abuyiselwe ubulungiswa, ezibuyisiwe ngokungabi nabulungisa ethunyelwe ongumlimi ukubuthela futhi abathunyelwe ukukhonza Mitra, kodwa uqobo wamnakekela. Jilin bese kwesokunxele isevisi futhi baba zokugaya. Lapho esigayweni ukuthi aqashiwe, ithengiswe, Ermila iwine endalini, kodwa akazange abe imali ukukhokha imali yesibambiso. Umlimi ehlenga abantu: isigamu sehora ukuze abuthele izinkulungwane ruble, ukukhumbula guys okuhle kuye.

Zonke izenzo Kirin wabusa isifiso ubulungiswa. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wayephila ukuchuma waba yasendlini eside, lapho ukuvukela ongumlimi kwagqashuka ayizange ihlale kude leyo, waya ejele.

pop

It uyaqhubeka isici izinhlamvu. "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" - umsebenzi ocebile izinhlamvu amakilasi ezahlukene, uhlamvu kanye nezifiso. Ngakho-ke Nekrasov ayikwazanga ubheke isithombe lompristi. NgokukaLuka, kuba umpristi kufanele "kube mnandi wahlala ngokukhululeka eRussia." Futhi kuqala yayo abafuna indlela fortune ukuhlangabezana umpristi yasemakhaya ophika amazwi Luka. Umpristi kungekho injabulo, ingcebo noma nokuzola. Yebo, futhi ukuthola imfundo enzima kakhulu. Akusikho ukuphila elimnandi umpristi: iphelezela uhambo lwakhe lokugcina wokufa, wabusisa azalwe, kulimaze umphefumulo wakhe ngenxa yokuhlupheka nokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu.

Kodwa abantu ngokwabo abangekho ihlonipha umpristi. Yena nomkhaya wakhe njalo nesikhathi esibekiweko mayelana nokuthi izinkolelo-ze, amahlaya, amahlaya angcolile nezingoma. Futhi yonke impahla abefundisi lalinabashumayeli iminikelo of amalungu esonto, abaningi babo abangamalungu e abanikazi bamazwe. Kodwa nge ukuqedwa ka serfdom, iningi umhlambi ocebile bahlakazeka emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-1864, abefundisi ilahlekelwa omunye izinto engenayo: Amakholwa ngesinqumo somthetho koMbusi idluliselwe zivalelwe iziphathimandla zomphakathi kunokuba aye empini. Nangezinto amapeni eziletha abalimi, "zhivitsya kanzima."

UGavrilă Afanasievich Obolt-Obolduev

kwebalingisi lethu izinhlamvu, "Ubani Uhlala kahle eRussia" usezofika ekupheleni, yebo, asikwazanga ukunikeza incazelo yazo zonke izinhlamvu kule nkondlo, kodwa kufakwe Uhlolojikelele yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu. izinhlamvu zabo zokugcina abalulekile baba UGavrilă Obolt-Obolduev - omele ifa Manor. Wayengumuntu kwakhahlela, puzatenky, usatenky, kamnandi, prisadisty, nguye eminyaka imashumi mathandathu ezelwe. Omunye wokhokho elikhazimulayo UGavrilă Afanasevicha - Tatar, owayenethemba zilo zasendle ezakwazi ukuqhubeka Empress, ukweba endaweni yomcebo futhi eceba wokhelwa eMoscow. Obolt-Obolduev uyaziqhenya kayisemkhulu. Kodwa kuyabadanisa ukuqedwa serfdom, ngoba manje angakwazi ingasakwazi Ukusizakala ongumlimi zabasebenzi njengakuqala. ezikudabukisayo umninindlu ihlanganisa ukunakekelwa indoda futhi isiphetho Russia.

Lo muntu lutho, abangenalwazi akuzenzisi uyaqiniseka ukuthi injongo ekilasini lakhe kwelinye - a 'umshikashika ophilayo yabanye. " Ukudala isithombe Okungishaya, Nekrasov akusho skimp on amaphutha futhi ukunika ubuntu bakhe kakhudlwana futhi wobugwala. Lesi sici ivela yamahlaya lapho Obolt-Obolduev kuthatha abalimi bengahlomile abaphangi futhi akwethuse ngokuthi kubo ephethe isibhamu. umzamo Omkhulu ukuyekisa abalimi abiza ngayo umniniso wasekuqaleni.

isiphetho

Ngakho, le nkondlo N. A. Nekrasova eduze ayegcwele ezicacile, izinhlamvu zokuqala yakhelwe bevela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezibonisa isimo abantu eRussia, isimo sengqondo saso amakilasi nomphakathi kanye neziphathimandla. Kuyinto sibonga izincazelo eziningi kangaka yalezi zindawo abantu, ngokuvamile kudingeke ngokuyisisekelo izindaba zangempela, umkhiqizo akabashiyi ubani nandaba.