Izindlela zokufunda esikoleni samabanga aphansi

Ukufunda esikoleni akuyona into yokutadisha njengendlela yokufundisa zonke ezinye izifundo zekharikhulamu. Ngakho-ke, omunye wemisebenzi esemqoka ebhekene nathisha wesikole samabanga aphansi ukufundisa izingane ngokuziqonda, ngokushelelayo, ngokufunda kahle, ukusebenza ngombhalo futhi uthuthukise isidingo sokufunda izincwadi ezizimele.

Ikhono lokufunda lihlanganisa uhlangothi lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesimiso sokufunda.
Inqubo yokufunda iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo: indlela, ukulungisa kanye nethempo. Uhlangothi lwe-semantic lubandakanya: ukuveza nokuqonda lokho okufundwayo. Enye yezinkinga zangempela ezinkampanini eziyinhloko isalokhu inkinga yokuhlola nokulawula izinga lokubunjwa kwayo yonke imingcele eyisisekelo yokufunda.

Indlela yokufunda: izimo zokuhlola emakilasini aphansi

1. Ukuhlola uhlelo lokufunda kwengane endaweni enokuthula futhi ejwayelekile.
2. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingane kufanele ihlale edeskini elangeni elilodwa nengxenye ukuya kumamitha amabili ukusuka kumhloli.
3. Imisho embalwa yokuqala noma imigqa emine noma emine yokubhala ingane kufanele ifunde ngaphandle kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuzomnika ithuba lokuba "afunde" ematheksthini.
4. Izidingo zombhalo:
- ukungabikho okungaqondakali, amagama angajwayelekile;
- okuqukethwe okutholakala kubafundi;
- ifonti ehambisana nefonti yezincwadi zezifundo zamabanga aphansi.
5. Ekunqumeni inani lamagama afundwa ngomzuzu, izingqungquthela, izingcaphuno, izingxenye zamagama ezithathwe ukusuka komunye umzila kuya kwesinye, izingxenye zegama elibhalwa nge-hyphen equkethe izinhlamvu ezingaphezu kwezintathu noma ezine kubhekwa njengamazwi "angashadile". Isibonelo, "ngokuthula" kufanele kubhekwe njengamazwi amabili ahlukene, futhi "isibhamu" somunye, kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yaleli gama kuphela izinhlamvu ezintathu.
6. Ukuhlola ukuqonda kokuqukethwe kombhalo okufundwayo, imibuzo engu-2-3 ithathwe. Ungalandeli lezi zinhloso ukucela ukuphindaphinda umbhalo, ngoba ukubuyisa kuyinkomba yokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo yomfundi, hhayi amakhono wokufunda.

Izindlela zokufunda (ibanga lokuqala).

Ngokwezimfuneko zomthetho ezisemthethweni, abakwa-first-graders kufanele bafunde amagama angu-25-30 ngomzuzu. Futhi ekupheleni konyaka kufanele sibheke ukufundwa okubushelelezi kokufunda ngaphandle kokuphutha, njll. Ngaphandle kokungena esikhundleni, ukushiya, ukuphindaphinda kwamagama, ama-syllables, izincwadi, nezwi elifanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo amagama amancane abafundi kufanele bafunde ngokugcwele, futhi isikhathi eside ngama-syllables. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emva kokufunda kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuqonda kwalokho okufundwe kulezi zinkinga.

Imfundo yokufunda (ibanga lesibili).

Abalimi besibili, ngokwemigomo, kufanele bafunde amagama angu-40 ekupheleni kwesigamu sokuqala sonyaka, futhi ekupheleni konyaka wesikole - amagama angu-50 ngomzuzu. I-criteria yokuhlola iyalingana: ukulungisa, ukuqonda, ukuvelela. Indlela yokufunda umbhalo - ngamazwi aphelele . Amazwi anama-syllables amane noma amahlanu noma ngaphezulu angakwazi ukufundwa ngama-syllables.

Inqubo yokufunda (ibanga lesi-3).

Abafundi bebanga lesi-3 ekupheleni kwesigamu sokuqala kufanele bafunde amagama ama-60, begodu ekupheleni konyaka wesikolo - amagama angu-75 ngomzuzu. I-criteria yokuhlola iyalingana. Indlela yokufunda umbhalo - ngamazwi aphelele.

Imfundo yokufunda (ibanga lesi-4).

Abafundi besigaba sesine, ngokusho kohlelo, kufanele bafunde amagama angu-70-80 ekupheleni kwesigamu sokuqala sonyaka, futhi ekupheleni konyaka wesikole - amagama angu-85-95 ngomzuzu.

Inqubo yokufunda ithuthukiswa kusuka ekilasini kuya ekilasini. Ukuze wenze le nqubo ibe mnandi futhi iphumelele, othisha nabazali kudingeka basebenzise izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuzivocavoca.