Izinhlobo isitayela yesayensi

Izinhlobo isitayela yesayensi zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezilandelayo esemqoka: self-yesayensi, isayensi ethandwa futhi ukuqeqeshwa ngokwesayensi.

Sub-izinhlobo yokuqala enjalo izinhlobo angawodwa ocwaningeni, wokulandisa umbiko, njll sici yabo isici is luma, ngendlela academic isethulo .. Lesi sigaba sifana ezincwadini zesayensi, adalwe ochwepheshe kanye senzelwe ochwepheshe efanayo. Ngokumelene lokhu sub-izitayela, ungacacisa isitayela yesayensi kanye ethandwa, umsebenzi okuyinto ukwandisa ukuthandwa ezesayensi kanye nedatha elula. Kulezi zihloko umbhali kumele ukwazi ukudlulisela ulwazi umfundi, hhayi kakhulu ujwayelene ngale ndaba, ngendlela kufinyeleleke futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyajabulisa.

By izici ezithandwayo isayensi isitayela akunakubangelwa enkompolo ke izici ezifana imizwelo kanye logic, subjective futhi inhloso, ukhonkolo kanye abstract. Kulesi izincwadi bangase khona ingasaphathwa matemu.

I izinhlobo eyinhloko isitayela yesayensi kwakungabakhathazi kubhekwe ngokugcwele, uma kungekhona ukuba banake ngokwanele ukuba sub-izinhlobo zesayensi kanye ezemfundo, okuyinto uxhuma izici ezimbili kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ngokucwaninga efanele, ke ehlanganisa amagama, ukuhambisana uhlelo isethulo idatha yesayensi kanye nobufakazi kanye logic. Nge isitayela yesayensi kanye ethandwa - khona yezinto zokwenza imifanekiso nokutholakala. Imisebenzi ngesitayela yezesayensi nasezinzuzweni zezemfundo ubhekwa izinkulumo, tutorials, izinkulumo kanye nemibiko ukuhlolwa izimpendulo.

Izinhlobo yesayensi isitayela yokukhuluma zihlanganisa futhi Izinhlobo ezingezansi: inkomba yesayensi ezesayensi kanye ulwazi.

Ukuthola substyles kusikisela izichazamazwi, Izincwajana kanye Izincwajana, ebonakala ezichaza amagama ayisisekelo ifomu ngokwanele onomfutho.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko sub-izinhlobo zesayensi-ulwazi kuyinto ukudluliswa kolwazi lwesayensi ngencazelo egcwele zonke izinhlobo namaqiniso esayensi.

Konke lokhu izinhlobo isitayela yesayensi inawo isici esiyinhloko - Inkulumo olunembile ngalokuvakalako yokucabanga ngokwesayensi.

Ngesisekelo intshumayelo nezincwadi zesayensi amagama, kulethe okusezingeni eliphezulu inkulumo ukunemba. Leli gama kufanele ichazwe oyingqayizivele umqondo umsebenzi ethile noma ulwazi (isib, ukumaketha, ukuminyana, ikusasa, isofthiwe, njll). Kumiswa amagama yisimo ezibalulekile zokugaya yokukhuluma ngokwesayensi.

Ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke izinhlobo isitayela ezingokwesayensi ezisetshenziswa definition, okuyinto elihunyushwe esuka Latin kusho "definition". Kusinda incazelo emfushane isihloko kuboniswa igama elicacile ehlonza ke.

Zonke amagama asetshenzisiwe izinhlobo isitayela yesayensi, zingahlukaniswa zibe jikelele yesayensi (ezifana mqondo noma ukuhlaziya), Interscience (isibonelo - izindleko noma ezomnotho) kanye ezikhethekile kakhulu (sicaciselwe angomunye ubuchwepheshe).

Ukusebenzisa imigomo efanele inikeza ukuqonda ochwepheshe emazingeni omhlaba kanye kazwelonke, kanye ukuhambisana nezenzo normative kanye nangokushaywa kwemithetho. Kuyadingeka ukuba unake okukhethekile esifike ngesikhathi update amagama. Udinga Isikhathi sokubuyisela imigomo ephelelwe yisikhathi emisha.

Imibhalo ephathelene isitayela yesayensi yokukhuluma, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile ingaqukatha, ngaphandle ulwazi ngolimi, amafomula, amagrafu namathebula. Isikhathi esiningi kumayelana imibhalo isicelo nesayensi yemvelo.

Esikhathini ezincwadini zesayensi it is ulimi olubhalwayo, ezihlobene kwezinkambiso ezithile. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa izindlela zokuxhumana zanamuhla futhi ukubaluleka okwandisa yokucabanga yesayensi emphakathini wanamuhla, ukwanda njalo inombolo yoxhumana yesayensi (izingqungquthela, izingqungquthela yesayensi, workshop) eminyakeni yamuva, anda kakhulu indima inkulumo.