Izinkomba kanye nezinhlobo abangasebenzi. Izinkinga main

Izinto zesimanje emakethe umnotho libhekene ukuthambekela ecacile ukuze kokuntengantenga kwezomnotho, esizibonakalisa ethile yayo, ukuthuthukiswa cyclical kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo amanani. Kodwa inkomba main ukungasebenzi. Kuyinto yinkimbinkimbi ekutholeni indawo yomsebenzi zochwepheshe inqwaba izakhamuzi luyisisekelo ukuqhubeka tetemnotfo.

Ososayensi ezincwadini wesimanje wasebenza kahle inkinga yokungasebenzi. Ukhombe futhi zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe izinkomba wakhe core nezinhlobo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana, okuyinto zenzelwe ezihlukahlukene isizathu.

izinhlobo abangasebenzi kokukhuhlana, iziphi ivezwa khona isikhashana bengasebenzi. Ziyakwazi ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu ukuthola indawo omusha wenkonzo. Kodwa inkinga eyinhloko Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi sifana neziqu nobuchwepheshe bale umsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi esinjalo - ukukhetha ngokuzithandela isakhamuzi, okuyinto kunalokho nzima ithonya.

Njengomthetho, lolu hlobo abangasebenzi iwukwenza abantu abangekho lutho ngenxa inguquko kwenye indawo umsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi izakhamuzi ukwazile ukuthola umsebenzi, uya ukuqala ngokushesha noma bona - ubunjalo ezithile zonyaka abasebenzi (ukwakhiwa, ezolimo, nokunye).

izinhlobo isakhi abangasebenzi zihlanganisa isimo lapho umsebenzi ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lezi zikhathi zenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezihlelekile umnotho, invalidating ikhono ezingeni kwezinye izigaba zomsebenzi.

Njengoba empeleni eboniswe, kwemisebenzi uhlobo kokukhuhlana angaba khona njengoba enezinkinga futhi ngezikhathi ezinhle. Umphumela lonke inani labantu abangasebenzi ngenhla izinhlobo ezimbili, eye yabizwa abanye ngokuthi i- "yemvelo izinga lokusweleka kwemisebenzi."

Ngokuvamile kuyoba ezifanele isimo ka yakhoibrium komnotho omkhulu. Kusukela kulokhu, umsebenzi wasikhathi oyosisiza izinga engokwemvelo abangasebenzi. Ukuze yiliphi izwe, lokhu yikona akuyona kuphela eyinhlekelele, kodwa ngisho ajwayelekile, okuzovela ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa wave-like komnotho.

abangasebenzi cyclical kubangelwa izinhlobo izikhathi ezinhle nezimbi phakathi ukukhiqiza. Babonakala esimweni esithile. Uma kukhona umehluko phakathi kokusebenza kwalo langempela kanye kuyinsakavukela zemvelo, kuba - izinkomba main ohlobo cyclical bengasebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-lag ngokuhlukumeza okunamandla langempela GNP setha value.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu ngezigaba, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo abangasebenzi:

• yokuzithandela (isakhamuzi akuyona abafuna umsebenzi) futhi ziphoqelelwe (umuntu ungakwazi ukuthola indawo ngokuhambisana izimangalo ezikhona);
• eqoshiwe lapho oyedwa ngokomthetho umsebenzi;
• abekelwa emaceleni (labangasebenzi elimi ku-abantu abakhubazekile, abesifazane we aphansi amakilasi, intsha kanye naleminye imikhakha emphakatsi langanakuvikeleka);
• engazinzile, okubonakala ngenxa yezizathu lesikhashana izimo zomnotho ziba zimbi;
• ezithile zonyaka, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni kwezomnotho iyehla iyenyuka umsebenzi kwezinye imikhakha yezomnotho ngesikhathi ezithile zonyaka;
• ubuchwepheshe, okuyinto okuhlobene ezishintshayo nokukhanda zokukhiqiza, okuholela ezinye zabasebenzi iba engadingekile futhi ikhono;
• izikhungo, okuyinto kuphakama ngenxa yokungenela zabasebenzi kanye isimo ekubekeni amazinga amaholo.

Inkinga abangasebenzi - umbuzo-class emhlabeni, njengoba izwe ngalinye kuyaye kamuva ebhekene naso.