Izitifiketi ukuhambisana - sikhona ukuze imibhalo? Indlela hlola isitifiketi sokuhambisana?

Ngokuvamile ku womkhiqizo noma i-TV lapho ukukhangisa ukubukwa kungabonwa othi: ". Lo mkhiqizo eqinisekisiwe" Kusho ukuthini? Ingabe sicabanga ukuthi izitifiketi sokuhambisana - ke kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi lo mshini izosebenza esihle futhi ayinazo imithi enobungozi kungavunyelwe? Yini ukubuza nomthengisi in esitolo endlu Imishini, ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanele imikhiqizo adayiswa? Ake sizame ukuqonda lezi zinkinga.

Kuyini isitifiketi sokuhambisana?

Lawa amadokhumenti esikhishwe emizimbeni ekhethekile ugunyaziwe ukwenza lokho ukuze kuqinisekiswe yokuthi sokuhambisana izimpahla imfanelo ethile. Uhlu kunqunywa emizimbeni ekhethekile. Idokodo elihambisana ngokuthi "Sivumo". IRussia yenombolo yezinhlangano egunyaziwe Gosstandart ukuthi anelungelo Ukukhishwa le mibhalo. ukugunyazwa kwabo kwamaqophelo State kusho ukuthi inhlangano kuyingxenye uhlelo ngokuthi "GOST R". Lokho emizimbeni abangase ukukhipha izitifiketi sokuhambisana. Lokhu ejensi kahulumeni elawula lezi zindikimba kuze kube kanye nokuqaliswa imithetho kokubili umenzi kanye nabathengisi.

izinhlangano eziningi ezihlonishwayo

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezinye izinhlelo ukuthi zinezikhathi izidingo emincane. Ngakho, MTBF, okusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuqinisekisa mayelana nokuphepha umlilo, kuqinisekisa izidingo ukuphepha nokuvikelwa umlilo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuze uthole isitifiketi sokuhambisana livunyelwe elikhiphe umzimba kumele ibe nezincwadi ezidingekayo abasebenzi, kanye laboratory test, okuyinto ifakwe ejwayelekile esezingeni lomhlaba. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba kumele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise phesheya.

izidingo zokuphepha

Kumelwe kuqondwe ukuthi izitifiketi sokuhambisana - akusiyo imibhalo obufakazela izinga. Esimweni sethu, kukhona kuphela isiqinisekiso sokuthi umkhiqizo elihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo setha ngumthetho Russian. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kuziwa ubunjiniyela kagesi, into yokuqala ukuba bagcine imithetho yokuphepha, okungukuthi:

• akufanele kukhona ingozi umthelela zamanje;
• wadala ingozi yomlilo;
• ingozi ukusha, ukwehlukana igesi enobuthi;
• ukuhanguka izinwele;
• ukulimala;
• ngemisebe;
• ukuphazamiseka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbhalo iqukethe izikhombo nokulandela abanye isitifiketi izinhlelo, ezifana isitifiketi sokuhambisana ISO (lokhu okujwayelekile international). Ukuqhubeka ingxoxo mayelana zasendlini kudingeka kucatshangelwe kwedivayisi kagesi. Kungase kwenzeke, isibonelo, ukuthi umshini wokuwasha iyasebenza ukuze hhayi omakhelwane ungakwazi ukubuka i-TV ngenxa nesenzakalo ukugxambukela esikrinini. Ngakho, isitifiketi sokuhambisana kumele zisekelwe ukuhlinzekwa kwamathuba ukusebenza ezihlukahlukene amadivaysi technical ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukugxambukela nomunye. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izidingo zasekhaya ukuze basebenzise izinto zikagesi ezibophayo kakhulu kunalezo European.

Futhi zikagesi kufanele ihambisane nezidingo kwenhlanzeko. Phela, nabo, kuhlanganise, ukupheka noma ahlanze izingubo. yokukhiqiza izinto, izinkinobho nakho konke okunye kufanele kube ingozi kubantu. Idivayisi ezifana amafriji, ngaphandle kumelwe futhi nezidingo zokuphepha umlilo.

Thola isitifiketi sokuhambisana kungenzeka kuphela ngemuva imikhiqizo ziyovivinywa laboratories ekhethekile. Futhi kuphela endabeni kokuphothula futhi imiphumela emihle izimpahla esikhishwe idokhumenti efanele.

isitifiketi zokuzithandela: yini catch?

Inqubo akuyona kuphela amandla, kodwa ngokuzithandela. Uma umenzi ufuna, angakwazi uqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla limenyezelwe izici. Khona kuyothiwa wakhipha nesitifiketi sokuhambisana icebo nezinye izimpahla. Lo mehluko wenza iphawulwe ngokuthi "ngokuzithandela." Kodwa kulokhu, kufanele siqaphele ukuba singavumeli uthole ukuze, abathi izinzuzo izici yesibili, umenzi alisho lutho olunye ezinkulu. Ukuze ugweme trick, udinga ukuba banake: kudokhumenti kufanele waphawula ukuthi ngenxa izakhiwo eqinisekisiwe.

isampula

Ukuze uqonde kangcono futhi uhlole isitifiketi sokuhambisana, kungenzeka ukubheka isampula wakhe.

Ukuze ukufunda idokhumenti ngokuningiliziwe. Ngesisekelo okulotshwe enhlokweni, siphetha ngokuthi idokhumenti - isitifiketi ukuhambisana GOST.

1. Uma kukhona uphawu "State Standard Russia", uphawu sokuhambisana - kuyinto isibonakaliso yayo. Njengoba manje wanyathela hhayi kuphela imibhalo, kodwa futhi isembozo kwezimpahla, okuyinto ngempumelelo lidlule izitifiketi.
2. Khona-ke ungase ubone inombolo isitifiketi ngabanye. Kuyinto ngaye it is ebhaliswe irejista lefanele.
3. Ngemva kwalokho, emibandeleni isitifiketi nokufuna ukuhambisana nesikhathi. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we ikhishwa kuze kube iminyaka ethi ayibe mithathu. Nokho, kungase uqedwe kungakabi schedule. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka uma ukuhlolwa entsha (aphethwe unyaka ngamunye), ukubona kanye nenqubo ebekiwe. Lapho isitifiketi esikhishwe umdayisi, ke nakho kubonisa ukuthi inombolo lot, usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi, ubungako, kanye neminye imingcele.
4. Zonke izinhlobo babe siqu inombolo yabo ngabanye. Uma spoilt uma ugcwalisa, kumelwe ibhujiswe ngendlela ethile.
5. Futhi lokhu okubhale ephepheni uzothola ikhodi kwesiphathimandla esikhipha amaphemithi. It ekwabela Standard State kuzo zonke izinhlangano eziye zabhekana inqubo sokugunyazwa. Ngaphezu ikhodi, ucacise igama nekheli.
6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhambisana isitifiketi GOST nge iqukethe igama brand kanye imodeli noma uhlobo lomkhiqizo.
7. Kukhona Ikhodi zonke-Russian ngezigaba kanye ngesilwane esifuywayo HS.
8. Endinyaneni iziqondiso ukuhambisana tidzingo ukuphepha, inhlanzeko nokunye. Uma isitifiketi yokuzithandela, lesi sigaba kufanele uzifunde ngokucophelela, ngakho njengoba ukuba singadukiswa.
9. Amakheli.
10. imibiko yokuhlola idokhumenti ikhishwe. Kube kufanele licaciswe imininingwane futhi efakwe ohlwini laboratory, futhi kubandakanya amalinki, uma kunezinye isitifiketi izinhlelo, noma lezo Kwakuseshwa kwamanye amazwe.
11. Isiginesha Yomuntu lenhloko yalomtimba isitifiketi, kanye uchwepheshe owenza lokhu kuhlola, kukhona phezu okuyinto uphawu ibekwe.

Cabangela ezinye izinto eceleni.

Brand, imodeli noma uhlobo

Igrafu ebonisa uhlobo olufanayo ulwazi lomkhiqizo. Ngokwesibonelo, bhala imodeli ezinye eziyisisekelo umshini wokuwasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitifiketi uzobe abafanelekela nezinye, onobuhle ebudisi okuncike base. Kodwa uma ezinye zazo lokucabanga umthwalo mpo, kanye nezinye - enezingqimba-ke, kusobala, ingafaneleki isitifiketi eyodwa nokufuna ukuhambisana nesikhathi.

Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ekukhiqizweni lapha. Phela, sikhumbula ukuthi kungenzeka incwadi eyakhishwa kokubili ngaye nangalabo esikhulekela a maphilisi ethile. Indlela yokuqala ejwayelekile abakhiqizi ezinkulu, noma labo ezisebenza eRussia noma ube khona ezweni lethu. Bazithoba nesicelo sokuthola isitifiketi sokuhambisana (Russia).

Kodwa uma ukukhiqizwa senzeka phesheya, umthwalo izinga umkhiqizo has inkampani Ukuhweba ukuthi ayithengise ezweni lethu. Lokho efaka isicelo idokhumenti. Khona-ke, inikeza ulwazi inani izimpahla elinendawo nesitifiketi sokuhambisana nemigomo, ekupheleni ukuqaliswa le phathi.

Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho incwadi eyakhishwa ngo-ekukhiqizweni kuyinto ebalulekile. Anakho ubuqiniso engu-3. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, lolu hlobo isitifiketi ngokuvamile kuhilela, ngaphezu ezifanele ukuhlolwa laboratory eRussia, futhi travel Uchwepheshe endaweni lapho imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa ngenhloso ukuhlolwa. Phakathi izazi wakhe hlolisisa lokulawula asetjenziswako phezu izinga lomkhiqizo, iziphi izimo ededelwa, kanye nezinye izimo, okuyinto kucacisiwe kule isitifiketi.

Ikhodi yomsebenzi wezomnotho angaphandle

HS Ikhodi ezifakiwe kulesi sigaba. Kuyathakazelisa kuphela ochwepheshe emkhakheni ezihlobene. Abantu abavamile musa amnake.

Zonke izimpahla kanye izinto zine amakilasi okuhambisanayo, ukuhlukana, amaqembu nokunye. Ukuze ngamunye wabo ikhodi yayo.

Classifiers - itafula omkhulu, lapho yonke imikhiqizo afakiwe ngokuphelele, ezisukela ukudla ziphethe lesihlanu, izingubo kanye nezinye izinto. Lezi zimpahla kuthiwa amazwe noma akhishelwe khona eRussia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izitifiketi nezinye nemibhalo eyesekayo ifakwa amakhodi ezithile elihambisana kubo.

ikheli

Hlola isitifiketi sokuhambisana kuyadingeka, kanye nekheli. On idokhumenti kumele iqukathe amakheli ezimbili:

• nomkhiqizi;
• umbambi isitifiketi.

Izitshalo kungenziwa akhiwe emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ikheli kusiza ukuqonda lapho imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa. Nokho, izinga kuncike neze kuye ngezwe womshini. Kuyaziwa ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu ngenxa amaholo aphansi baqala ukuthutha kokukhiqiza China naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi izinga uyahlabeka. Ikakhulukazi, siyakhumbula ukuthi isitifiketi sokuhambisana - idokhumenti eqinisekisa ekhishwe yayo futhi emva zizokwenziwa ku-site ukuhlolwa endaweni zokukhiqiza.

Enye isikhala ikheli kusho ihhovisi ikhanda itholakala. Ngokuvamile, uma ukukhiqiza, isibonelo, i-China, Ihhovisi namanje obusayo izwe laseYurophu. Nokho, ngokuvamile, original kuqukethwe ehhovisi eMoscow lenkampani. Ngoba kungenjalo enze amakhophi idokhumenti kungaba nzima kakhulu.

yohlelo

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we ekhiqizwa ngenxa yezenzo ezithile. Zihluke kuncike uhlobo lomkhiqizo. Cabanga, ngalokho abayikho.

• Isikimu 1 isetshenziswa inani pre-echaziwe umkhiqizo ukuthi ilethwa ngaphakathi kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi. Ukuze izimpahla amazwe - a izivumelwano yesikhashana, futhi ukunikeza ezingeni ezithile yasekhaya. Kulokhu, ukuhlolwa ziqhutshwa imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kukhona 1a scheme, okuyinto umphelelisi. Kuyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ihlaziya isimo ukukhiqiza.
• Figure 2 luyasetshenziswa ukwenziwa izivumelwano eside nge supply njalo izivumelwano ngabanye. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho wokuhlola ukwenziwa amasampula eqoqwe kusukela amaqembu kakade amazwe endaweni ka-Russia. Igama elithi ka isitifiketi - 1 unyaka. Ngaphezu isampuli test, kulesi simo i imikhiqizo ukuhlolwa kakade counter. Kuze kube yimanje, izinhlangano ezohwebo kanye amasampula akhethiwe athathwa nokuhlolwa ku-laboratory egunyaziwe. Kulokhu kukhona uhlelo 2a, lapho ngaphezu uhlola isimo ukukhiqiza.
• Figure 3 isetshenziswa esimweni lapho ekukhiqizweni akuyona ungaqiniseki. Lolu hlobo isitifiketi ikhishwa isikhathi kuya kwemithathu futhi kuhlanganisa isampula test. Futhi emva Ukukhishwa idokhumenti - esinye isilawuli isampula, stock ekhethiwe, ngaphambi kokuthumela ukuba umthengi. Isikimu esetshenziselwa imikhiqizo lapho izinga siyenzeka isikhathi eside ngaphambi inqubo. Unganikezwa futhi Isikimu 3a lapho ihlaziye enza ngaphambi kokukhipha idokhumenti, nokulawula asimeme wenziwa ngendlela efanayo e Isikimu 3.
• Figure 4 langempela i control kanzima futhi egcwele phezu umkhiqizo serial. Lapha, isimo evamile ndlovu is phansi isivivinyo. Ngo uhlelo 4a okwengeziwe ihlaziye ukukhipha ukukhiqizwa dokhumenti.
• Okunzima kakhulu Isu 5. Kulokhu, hlola ukukhiqizwa isampula kanye isampula. Futhi kukhona esiqinile ukuhlolwa control ngesimo ukuhlolwa amasampuli nokuhlolwa zokukhiqiza nokwethenjelwa.
• Umfanekiso 6, kuhlola uhlelo nekhwalithi kwenkampani. Kodwa uma inkampani isivele idokhumenti esihambelanayo, kwanele ukunikeza isimemezelo. Ngokuvamile, isikimu isethwe izimpahla ezifanayo. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa umakhi kumele abe simiso ukuhlolwa, lapho kubandakanya ukulawula zonke izici ezidingekayo ukuze uthole isitifiketi sokuhambisana.
• Isikimu 7 ngokuvamile esetshenziswe kweyabase uhlamvu olulodwa ukukhiqizwa. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we esikhishwe eside nanini. Ingasetshenziselwa uma kusekhona ngeke lithengiswe entweni zokugcina.
• Umfanekiso 8 yaqaphela lapho kuyadingeka ukuhlola wonke umkhiqizo, ngaphandle kokukhetha.
• Figure 9 isetshenziselwa hhayi phindaphinda maphilisi elincane izimpahla, kuhlanganise SP ekhiqizwa.
• Umfanekiso 10 isetshenziselwa yokukhiqiza yesikhathi eside kwezimpahla Russian izinto eziningi ezincane.

Lapho show?

Ngokuvamile umthengi ayiqondi ukuthi yini idokhumenti Kufanele ucele umdayisi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izinga imikhiqizo uthenge. Isitifiketi yokuqala noma esitolo ngeke agcinwe. Itholakala kuphela e-ofisini ye umenzi. Kodwa naye ukwenza amakhophi. Okokuqala, ayatholakala ehhovisi amasiko, ukuze kuqinisekiswe izitifiketi lidlule ezweni lethu.

Kungase kuphakame umbuzo mayelana ukulethwa kokuqala. Phela, kuvela ukuthi ngisho nangaphambi athola la maphilisi okukuqala kwezimpahla kwaba eRussia, seluvele isitifiketi sokuhambisana. Lo mbhalo Nokho, lokho akuphikisani logic. Phela, ngaphambi njalo ukunikezela nomkhiqizi ithumela ezifanele ogunyaziwe isitifiketi umzimba amasampula, okwenziwa uvivinyo ezidingekayo. Ngokulandelayo, on-site ukuhlolwa. Futhi kuphela uma zonke amasampula ovivinyweni nge yalokho omuhle futhi umkhiqizo uthola idokhumenti yayo, iziphathimandla amasiko angase avumele bakuthola njalo. Ukuze amasiko ngokuvamile uzilungiselele ikhophi yesitifiketi, esiqinisekisa, ukuhlolwa yayo ummeli olungisa izivumelwano noma emzimbeni ukuziphatha laboratory.

Ezindaweni yohwebo izimpahla abathengi Ungaqinisekisa ukuthi une isitifiketi ezidingekayo, futhi ulungiselele amakhophi. Basuke eqinisekisiwe yisiphathimandla esikhipha amaphemithi idokhumenti noma umnikazi walo - inkampani yokukhiqiza namkha umjameli Russian.