K. P. Bryullov futhi A. S. Pushkin. Portrait i umbhali akaziwa

Ubuciko Pushkin elalihlangana eMoscow ekwindla ka-1836, ngokuvamile wahlangana Petersburg. Isimo sabo sengqondo, ubuntu kanye nobuciko, akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, ngaphansana nje konyaka kuphelé, kodwa kwaba ubungane ezinezithelo yini owaphihliza kokufa imbongi. Ngemva kokufa Pushkin Bryullov wenza indaba emfushane ka lesikhumbuzo of umqondo wakhe esikhathini esizayo ukuze ubambe iqhaza ukushicilelwa Tindzaba wadonsela eziningi imidwebo frontispiece, futhi 1849 - isithombe esekelwe "UMthombo Bakhchisarai".

Umlando ezincane portrait A. S. Pushkina

Kodwa ngo-1880 eMoscow, Pushkin embukisweni, yabakhanga izivakashi ingenye isithombe encane - "A. Pushkin. " Portrait, wabulawelwa amafutha amakhadibhodi (12.0 x 8.5 cm), khona-ke umsebenzi K. Bryullov, ngoba kungabonwa kanye ehlombe umlingisi abhalwe inki obomvu igama umdwebi sika. Lesi sithombe futhi kabusha i-albhamu ikhishwe.

eminyakeni engu-19 kamuva, lapho kwi show okufanayo okokuqala embukisweni "A. Pushkin ", isithombe O. A. Kiprenskogo ngaphambilini enilondolozwa indodana imbongi, wayemi phezu umsebenzi encane ngokumelene igama lombhali umbuzi. Kube umbono ukuthi isignesha "K. Ubuciko "- ehlambalazayo benza amakhophi inkohliso hhayi umbhalo wesandla umdwebi futhi esisayinwe lithography ezithile kusuka omunye wemisebenzi ye-master.

Esikhathini esizayo, ngesisekelo documentary idatha Pushkinists, e N. ethile O. Lerner, ngubani eyanyatheliswa ngo-1914 esihlokweni esithi "Lzhebryullovsky portrait A. S. Pushkina", wagomela ngokuthi Briullov isithombe Pushkin neze wabhala, nakuba uya. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngesikhathi umsebenzi encane yobuciko wanamathela igama wokwedelela kancane kancane ngaye ngaso sonke ukhohlwe. Kwaphela isikhathi eside wayesesangweni iqoqo yangasese, bese yathengwa Literary Museum e Moscow. Ngo-1959, "lzhebryullovsky" portrait wayiswa okudalwe iMetropolitan Museum of A. S. Pushkina.

A portrait encane - luhlaka umdwebo Kiprensky (?)

Kodwa uma kungenjalo Bryullov, it lalotshwa umuntu Pushkin? Portrait, ngokuthi "lzhebryullovskim", sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe kusukela ngothi umculi engaziwa. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, kwenziwa umzamo ukufakazela zabhalwa O. Kiprensky.

Ukuhlanganisa ubufakazi obubhalwe, brushwork kanye neminye imininingwane, baleli okufushane wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi lesi - indaba emfushane ka imidwebo yakhe edumile - "A. Pushkin "(Portrait, 1827).

Kunezinto ngempela kuyaqondakala phakathi imisebenzi emibili. Tadisha - umzuzwana wokuphila, ethunjwa umculi. Pushkin ihlukile - isimo ezahlukene kanye le nkulumo. Kukhona futhi umehluko ekulotshweni izingxenye ngabanye, kodwa ikakhulukazi brushwork nokwenza umphakathi efakazela ukuthi ungumbhali isithombe Pushkin (emfushane) - OA Kiprensky.

Efanisa amaqiniso angokomlando, bokusekela, kungaba bazitshela ukuthi umsebenzi zazingase zithuthwe ziyiswe ngokuhlangenwe umculi esikhathini kusuka May 26 kuya ku-July 15, 1827.

Kunganjani Bryullov wayenikeze ka Pushkin?

Kubonakala ongaziwa ukuthi umdwebi odumile futhi portraitist, owayemazi ngokuseduze Pushkin, hhayi wayenikeze kozakwabo, imbongi omkhulu.

Ubuciko wadala imidwebo eminingi, okuyinto ukuboniswa besikhathi sakhe: abalobi isiRashiya, abaculi, abaklami abaqavile emphakathini. Kodwa Pushkin akuyona phakathi kwabo. Ubufakazi asele abangane umculi futhi abafundi ukhuluma ngalokho wayezomvusa ubhale portrait imbongi, kodwa akazange abe nesikhathi ukukwenza.

Nokho, abanye abacwaningi abathi ngokwezinga lokusungula K. P. Bryullova bakholelwa ukuthi Pushkin kwakungelona iqhawe. Umdwebi wayaziwa njengomuntu master "portrait Happy" ukuphila-futhi isenza wabhala lwabantu izikhathi ugqozi noma ukuvukwa amadlingozi. Idrama imbongi akaphenduli ku nomqondo lokusungula Bryullov, futhi ngenxa yalokho "akazange abe nesikhathi," usho ukupenda isithombe. Lona ngowodwa nje we ekucabangeleni abukho ubufakazi oqondile.

Afterword

Kungaba ngokungafanele ingasaphathwa yokuthi inguqulo zabhalwa Kwesimo elincane A. S. Pushkina ezibekwe lapha - eyodwa nje kwabaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, umbono i nesazimlando sezobuciko E. Pavlov ukuthi lo mfanekiso yayisabhalwa Bryullov, kanye nemiphumela ekuvikelweni siqu, izingxabano zawo engengaphansi ezithakazelisayo. Ucwaningo kuyinto eqhubekayo, futhi kukhona namanje eziningi eziyimfihlakalo ezingaxazululeki. Mhlawumbe izizukulwane ezizayo ngeke luckier.