I impi yabashokobezi yokufuna e 1812 ekulweni impi sikaNapoleon

Yabashokobezi War of 1812 kuyimpi ahlomile ubungako isimo isiRashiya, iningi abalimi, kanye Russian ibutho amasosha ngaphambili langemuva futhi izakhiwo ezibalulekile amasosha sikaNapoleon.

Abalimi baqala angesabi simelane abahlaseli esikhohlisayo e Belarus naseLithuania emva ukubaleka yebutho Russian. Impi yabashokobezi edonse ekuqaleni uboniswe poll Ukuyekwa kwezindlela nasemizaneni ukubhujiswa kudla. Ngezenzo yabashokobezi ukunyakaza basungula ngasekupheleni July-ekuqaleni kuka-August e Smolensk, futhi kamuva Kaluga futhi eMoscow izifundazwe, okuyinto aqukethe amaqembu abalimi ihlelwe nokuhlaselwa amaqembu athile isitha.

Okusetshenzelwe omkhulu nodumo zenkolo amayunithi S. Emelyanov, G. Kurin, V. Polovtsev, E. Chetvertakova V Kozhina nabanye. SoBukhosi ekuqaleni ubhekwe ukungathembani ukunyakaza yabashokobezi. Kodwa ngaphansi kwesimo intshiseko yokushisekela izwe, abanye kulendawo laqala ukuhlela ongumlimi yabashokobezi amayunithi. Army amayunithi Kwamiswa ukuqhuba yabashokobezi imisebenzi ngemuva imigqa isitha. Eyokuqala iyunithi efana, ehlanganisa abantu 130, ihlelwe uColonel D. Davidov ekupheleni Agasti 1812.

Ukubaluleka impi yabashokobezi edonse e 1812 owawuqondene umkhuzi abakhulu, MI Kutuzov, ukusiza lapho edala izulu yabashokobezi ibutho amayunithi, ukunikeza imiyalelo ngamaqhinga yabo nezikhali. Wafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi impi yabashokobezi yokufuna ukuthi subordinated amacebo ekahle futhi egqoka ihlelwe. Ngo-September ka amaqembu yabashokobezi ibutho kufakwe 36 regiments Cossack 7 abakhwele amahhashi regiments, 5 elihamba regiments 5 squads, 3 Ibutho. Army Amabutho eholwa idatha izikhulu ezifana DV Davydov, AN Seslavin, IS Dorokhov, MA Fonvizin, NJENGOBA Figner nabanye.

Iningi lalaba amayunithi ihlanganyela abashokobezi ibutho amayunithi noma sixhumana nabo. Impi yabashokobezi edonse is bebhunga nezidlamlilo. Ngo-September futhi ekuqaleni kuka-October, amaqembu abashokobezi (ongumlimi nebutho) esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe eMoscow. Bona kwenziwe kuhlaselwa the wezokuxhumana we isitha, zishiswe ngohide foragers. ukubaluleka Omkhulu enamathiselwe ulwazi mayelana isitha ababevela amaqembu yabashokobezi, owahlela kuhlaselwa the amakhanda isitha futhi alondoloza. Futhi izimpi zawo ephethwe ukuze akhulule emadolobheni amaningana (isibonelo, Vereya).

amasonto amahlanu kusukela kwakhululwa impi ka Borodino, impi Guerilla yabangela umonakalo elisemqoka kuya amabutho kaNapoleon (Kushone 30 000 abantu). Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho isitha ancipha, abashokobezi nomthelela ngentshiseko impi njalo ekuphishekeleni nokuqeda amabutho amaningi esitha, ngenkathi idlala indima enkulu kokunqotshwa amabutho sikaNapoleon.

Ukuze kokufaneleka abalimi ngabanye ukhishwa ngesimo St George nezinye iziphambano, kodwa ngokuvamile, baye babamba iqhaza elikhulu engakaze baziswa. Lo mklomelo athandwayo kakhulu ngesikhathi ngoba abalimi kwakuyoba Yiqiniso, nokuqedwa serfdom. Nokho, ukukhulula kungenzeki.