Kancane isimo bayazi (ikhoma uphapheme): Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa Izindlela

Isimo libhekene ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi engqondweni yethu nandaba ephelele, esadaleka ngenxa kwezinso e cortex cerebral, ngokuthi isimo kancane bayazi. Igama elithi ayiswa imithi ngo-1940 ngu-wezifo zengqondo German E. Kretschmer.

izizathu

Ngokuvamile kokuvusa ikhoma (kuba igama wesibili yokubika kulesi sihloko sifo) kwenzeka ngemva ezinzima kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni. Ngokuvamile, ukuphazamiseka sokugembula enjalo ithuthukisa ngenxa hypoxia, ezinobuthi, umzimba, senhliziyo, ezithathelwanayo nezinye izilonda ingqondo. It waphawula ukuthi lesi sifo sitholakale umuntu 14% eziguli isikhathi eside ikhoma esibuhlungu. isimo kancane sisiqaphela ingane kuvame ukuvela nini emva meningoencephalitis, yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule, ukulimala craniocerebral. Kulesi isifo ingaqala kancane ngokwanele izinyanga 2-3 noma ngisho neminyaka. Ezigulini kwi-coma ayinawo umsuka esibuhlungu, efana isimo lihlotshaniswa umonakalo ukuba le ganglia basal kanye cortex nge ukulondolozwa isihlobo stem ingqondo.

emitholampilo isithombe

Izimpawu zalesi sifo sobala kuphela ngemva kokuba isiguli aphume ikhoma. Kule nkathi kuyehla sihlale siphapheme. Njengomthetho, iso womuntu, okuyinto sitholakale apallic, evulekile syndrome. Yena kalula uphendukisa kubo, kodwa ukubukeka akusho alungise. Noma yimuphi ukusabela ngokomzwelo futhi akukho inkulumo. Imininingwane nonjalo akunakwenzeka, njengoba imiyalo yomlomo kungukuthi waqonda. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isiguli ngisembhedeni wenza ukunyakaza esingalawuleki nasemilenzeni. Ngokuvamile iziguli nale zokugula zenzeka ukukhubazeka, paresis, hyperkinesis, oculomotor thuthuva. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezimweni ezinzima yesifo kudlulela ekunqandeni kanye subcortical izakhiwo ingqondo. Kulokhu, iziguli may izimpendulo ku izinhlobo ezahlukene ezintweni, avame - ubuhlungu ngesimo ukumemeza imisindo ngabanye noma ukunyakaza kungazelelwe. Kwezinye izimo kungase kube ibonakalisa ukuziqonda noma ikhaliphe ngomlomo. Isiguli avule umlomo, futhi njalo lapho sishumayeza umuntu noma yini engathathwa izinti nimkhiphela ulimi lwakhe. Ngakho yonke imisebenzi vegetative ezifana nokugwinya, inhliziyo, emishinini yokuphefumula, oncelayo, indle kanye nomchamo excretion agcinwe. A ukumisa nobuntu indoda kwathiwa unesifo "isimo kancane bayazi" - izandla clenched ku ngezibhakela, izinyawo ku plantar flexion. Amimichno ubuso, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona Yawning. Esikhathini nedolo indololwane sele flexion kubonakale kancane. Iziguli ezingazweli ku-e kokuvusa ikhoma iqhubeka ukushintsha kwenkathi sihlale siphapheme futhi ubuthongo, hhayi kuye ngesikhathi sosuku.

ukuhlola Uxhumano

Kancane isimo bayazi (uphapheme ikhoma) itholwa ngesisekelo izici isici. Futhi, ukusebenzisa ultrasonic zokuxilonga zokugula cwaningo emithanjeni neuropathy ezinkulu nokuvaleka kwemithambo ye isibindi, ikhanda, izingalo nemilenze nezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitsha ezincane igazi okwenziwa capillaroscopy umzimba ECG ukuhlolwa izinguquko ischemic e imisipha yenhliziyo. Ukulinganiswa ubuchopho (electroencephalogram), futhi isimo nesimo sengqondo sokuzivumelanisa nezimo semithambo ekucindezelekeni ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba, kanye ukuhlolwa zezinzwa ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo.

izici isici

I Bheka emavikini ambalwa kuqala, igama elisetshenziswa imakwe ushintsho generalized. Bese ngoba izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu egcinwe predominance tetaaktivnosti. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kukhona umsebenzi-alpha (ongaphakeme-index). Ngenxa yalokho ngocwaningo lwe- tomography ngekhompyutha wembula ubuchopho yoma, kanye ukunwetshwa ventricles.

isimo kancane bayazi. ukwelashwa

Emacaleni angu-olunzima ekuboniseni yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule. Izindlela womsebenzi yezokwelapha kunqunywa izici of umtholampilo, omsakazo ngalesi sifo futhi isimo jikelele isiguli.

Yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule futhi labagula kakhulu

Izikhombisi-main kokuphatha isimo sokugembula iwukuba kujwayeleke umsebenzi inhliziyo nokuphefumula kwezimila, umfutho wegazi homeostasis, hemodynamics (ubuchopho kanye Imininingwane), edema anti-cerebral futhi hypoxia. Umcimbi ibaluleke kakhulu ukunakekelwa nesineke. Gwema ngokutshekisa ikhanda, nolimi. Shintsha umzimba isikhundla lesiguli (kunazo zonke - ohlangothini), ukuze afeze ethoyilethi acinene nsuku zonke, amashubhu bronchial kanye umlomo. Ngo uMnyango labagula uqaphe izinkomba ebalulekile isimo umzimba. Lokhu blood pressure, kwenhliziyo, Bheka, izinga lokushisa komzimba, ECG, ivolumu kanye Izinga lokuphefumula, kanye acid emi igazi amagesi. Lapho uzwakalise ngenela zokuphefumula eyenziwa intubation neziphuthumayo ukupholisa mechanical (evuthayo futhi emoyeni humidified). Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo plasma-abambele izixazululo ezitholakala ngemithambo yegazi. Lo mcimbi olawulwa yokucindezela emithambo yegazi.

Prevention lokugula

Iziguli ezingazweli ku-isikhathi eside kwi-coma, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yilesi sifo kudingeka olunzulu resuscitative izinyathelo. Loku kufaka ukukhuthazwa umsebenzi inhliziyo, ukupholisa mechanical, nokugcina blood pressure. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutuswa ukuba asebenzise izidakamizwa ukuze isebenze ingqondo umzimba futhi lula ukudluliselwa amaza. ukunakekelwa ebaluleke kakhulu singokwemvelo futhi siyafaneleka, futhi kwezinye izimo - umsoco parenteral. Kufanele sisebenzise ezihlukahlukene ejenti lingaze namavithamini.

labonesi

Yokudla is arcade kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa mncane percutaneous gastrostomy tube kunokuba ngepayipi. Ngakho njengesixazululo sokugcina ngemva ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kakhulu kwandisa ingozi Reflux nenshisekelo, izilonda futhi sinusitis. Kufanele njalo ukuqapha isisindo lesiguli. Uma udla yomzimba nesineke bavuselwe 50-60 degrees. Ukudla kufanele ibe namaprotheni, amavithamini namaminerali, kanye elihlale okunamafutha acid. Calories - mayelana 35 kcal / kg ngosuku. Ukuze kukhucululwe wamathumbu Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise laxatives ngomlomo, kodwa hhayi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngesonto, kanye suppositories rectal. Uma isiguli sekukhona uhudo, kumele ngezikhathi ezithize amnike 'bukhoma' yoghurts futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlola, kungakhathaliseki noma iyiphi ukudla yokujama tsi esiswini. Ukuze uthuthukise wamathumbu umsebenzi kufanele kufakwe ekudleni ukudla okune esiningi fibre.

Iziguli lezi zinkinga kuboniswa massotherapy. Ngo izikhungo ezithile zokwelapha abantu abakulesi ikhoma ucabangana, aphethwe isimiso esikhethekile nokuvuselelwa. Kuhlanganisa ukufaka ngokuthinta, i-elashwe ngokomzimba futhi wezokwelapha, kanye eziningi ezinye izindlela ukunqoba isimo kancane bayazi.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, umphumela enqabayo lesi sifo. Nokho, kungenzeka regredientnoe nesifo, kuze yokutakula cishe ephelele umsebenzi. Ephambi kwezinduna izinqubo okuqhubekayo atrophic ukuthi zivame ukwenzeka kubantu abadala, kungase kube isimo rigidity decerebrate, libhekene ukubukeka amajaqamba nezinye izimpawu ezingezinhle.