Keramzitoblok: ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo, izincazelo, amanani. Uphenyo zokwakha

Keramzitoblok kubhekwe ukwakha ngamatshe, njengoba ezakhiwe vibropressing semi ezomile. It uthola wabuka yayo unxande. Indaba eziyisisekelo womshini enwetshiwe ubumba izenzo. Lo msuka yakhiwa usimende, okuyinto ethatha njengendlela yokuhlanganisa kanye yamathebhu ehlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu: amanzi, limestone nesihlabathi.

Izici yalesi material. Izibuyekezo

Keramzitoblok izici kuyinto ephawulekayo ngoba uhlukile impahla ukwakhiwa ehlanganisa izakhiwo isitini abavamile, kanye izici Foam amabhlogo futhi evundile. Izimpawu akhiwe avele hardiness omkhulu futhi ukwamukeleka ngaphandle kokungatshazwa umkhiqizo osuphelile. ukhonkolo ngisahlose keramzitoblokah kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi nabo babe usayizi esikhulu, ngesilinganiso esincane conductivity ezishisayo kanye nesisindo ekukhanyeni, ukuvumela ukuba ngokushesha futhi kalula ukufeza umsebenzi wokwakha.

Abanikazi guest house kusukela ekubekeni keramzitobloka ukugubha lula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwaziswa ayinangozi. Yini embi ngalo angabhekwa ukuthi le nto akuyona njalo kungenzeka ukuba thembeke ukusungula fasteners.

isakhiwo

Ngokufanayo, ukucacisa Ukwakheka ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha kungaba kuphela ngemuva ukuzimisela amandla adonsela phansi yayo eqondile. It kungenziwa bazitshela isilinganiso okuyinto ilingana 1500 kg / m ^3. Usimende ingathathwa ngezansi sha M400. Phakathi kwezinye izingxenye eliyosenza 26.7%, okusho ukuthi isisindo salo 430 kg. ubumba wawanda ingxube uhlale kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuthatha cishe 34% of the ukwakheka, ngakho ubizwa eziqukethwe nenqwaba 510 kg.

Sand sengezwe cishe iyafana usimende, kodwa ngokuvamile kancane ezincane, ngakho ukubaluleka esithathwayo 420 g okuyinto 28%. Ngo amanzi idilizwa futhi kuxutshwe, zonke lezi zinto, Nokho, uketshezi akufanele kube kakhulu kusukela Umgomo ukwakha ukungaguquguquki lolingene ingxube, kunemikhiqizo ekwakhiweni ketshezi. Enough 120 kg yamanzi, esibalelwa% 9.3 kuphela inani zonke izingxenye kwakwakhe.

Umehluko ukubunjwa

Uma iphesenti eliphansi kasimende kanye isihlabathi, isisindo ethize ngokushesha iba kancane, ngakho-ke lokhu uqondiswa nemingcele ukuze zokwakha idatha. Uma ingxube yenziwe lula, okungukuthi, isisindo saso singamakhilogremu abafika kwabangu-1000 kg / m ^3, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kungaba ukuziba ngokuphelele isidingo ukwengeza isihlabathi. Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukuba kancane ukwehlisa amaphesenti usimende isilinganiso nokunyusa umthamo ubumba ukunwetshwa.

On intengo gazoblok ezingaphezu kuka keramzitobloki. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihloko ubumba enwetshiwe angathengwa at ruble 25, okuyinto akulona Gazoblok, njengoba amanani abo embundwini - ruble 30-35.

Izici ukwakheka

1. Usimende isetshenziswa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. ingxenyenamba Iyatholakala yazo zonke izinhlobo, kodwa sesinomkhiqizo kumelwe nakanjani babe ngaphezu kwezihlalo M-400.
2. ubumba Expanded kungenziwa kudidaniswe amatshe, njengoba ubukhulu bawo luhlaza efana ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha. Wenziwe yamadwala engasindi argillaceous ukuthi usendaweni yemvelo ngokudutshulwa izingxenye. Ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwenza amafraktjhini ngaphakathi 5-10 mm, okuvumela ukuba ukhiqize keramzitobloki elilungile. ochwepheshe lezivakashi baphikisa ngokuthi lolu daba kumele wasondela ngokucophelela.
3. Isihlabathi uba yamathebhu. Akayena njalo uma kunesidingo, kodwa ezimweni eziningi elikhona Ukwakheka ibe yisikali efanele. Kungcono ukuthatha medium bese kukhishwa nezingxenyana indawo, okukhethekile kakhulu izinhlobo ezincane. Kuphela ngosizo lokhu ungalindela Kusuke sekwakheke ubuhlobo okukhulu nezinye izingxenye emabhuloki.
4. Amanzi kufanele ukungezwa inetha. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa uketshezi emva ukugeza nanoma yiziphi izinto. Uma kungenzeka, engeza amanzi ahlanzekile okungahambisani aqukethe ukungcola engadingeki.

ngezigaba

Ukuze keramzitoblokov amazinga ukwakhiwa ukunikeza Ubukhulu ecacile: 88h190h390 mm 188h90h390 mm. Kube tolerances, kodwa akumele idlule 1-2 cm kusukela izinkomba ngenhla. Usayizi wokuqala ucaciselwe block ukuthi wenza wokwakha eziveza izindonga. Indlela yesibili yakhelwe ukudala ngodonga.

Keramzitoblok, izinzuzo nezingozi ongatholakala kunqunywa izinga zonke ubuso umkhiqizo libhekwa ngezihluthu futhi isikhundla futhi ifayela amalungu. izinkomba ezinjalo ukuchaza ukubonakala ethile nxazonke element ngayinye. Izinga kanye ifayela asetshenziselwa wokwakha izindonga ukuthi uqiniseka ukuhlela oblitsevat ngombala Ingaphandle, esehlanganise ngokuphelele uzimele. Siza ukuqeda sekugcineni ebusweni bese ufaka igama lesakhiwo esikulesi ukusebenza ngaphandle izinyathelo aliqede, Ngakho-ke, njengoba kuphawulwe ochwepheshe ukubuyekeza, indaba ingasetshenziswa kuphela uma ukhona ngempela isidingo amshiye ambozwe lesi sakhiwo.

sakhiwo sangekhatsi

Izimfanelo keramzitoblokov futhi ubalwe njengenye ukuba khona noma ukungabi voids. Uma block kuyize, kungase aqukethe kokubili avaliwe futhi ngokusebenzisa izimbotshana kuhlelwe ngendlela isiqondiso mpo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi kakhulu ukunciphisa isisindo jikelele indaba, futhi lezi ukuvuleka zisiza ukuthenga okokusebenza ngenani eliphansi, okuvame ejabulisa amakhasimende. On keramzitobloki intengo uyahluka ruble 25-50 apiece. block okuqinile kufanele intengo ephakeme, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo babe namandla amakhulu, okuyinto kuyabonakala isisindo.

Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zindonga keramzitobloka akumelwe sibeke ngesandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ekhethekile, ikakhulukazi eziyingozi at kokuwa eliphezulu. Avame esetshenziselwa wokwakha izindonga yenhloko-dolobha. Khetha amayunithi enamandla egcwele kufanele kube impoqo, uma isakhiwo kuphezulu noma kuncike imithwalo abalulekile. On intengo aerocrete ezingaphezu kuka keramzitobloki, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile akusiyo ruble esingaphansi 30 apiece.

I ukuminyana futhi amandla

Lona izici ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi sithathe izinqumo eziphusile ezisiza khetha keramzitoblok, izinzuzo nezingozi okuyizinto ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni isakhiwo esithile. Ubuningi inquma hhayi kuphela ukuqina keramzitobloka kodwa impahla yayo acoustic ngokuhlanganyela amandla-bonge.

Futhi kudlala indima umkhiqizo nokwethenjelwa. Zonke lezi zibalo buyehluka kuye amandla, ngakho kumelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ucacise ngaphambi kukhethwa umkhiqizo ofanele. Ukukhetha keramzitobloki noma izitini zikakhonkolo, ezibuye, kufanele sigxile hhayi kuphela izici amandla, kodwa futhi ku yesiqinisekiso yomenzi. Lena isimo kubalulekile kwenziwe kukhethwa eliphezulu zokwakha.

Ingxenyana ye yamathebhu kubalulekile inquma izimfanelo possessed keramzitoblok. I izinzuzo nezingozi le nto ibonisa kwabantu izinkomba umkhiqizo, ngakho kufanele sinake futhi ukuqapha ukunemba yokukhiqiza. Ububanzi lapho lesi sibalo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. It zokhahlamba kusuka 500 kuya 1800 kg / m ^3.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi intengo keramzitobloki kungase kungabi efanayo, ngoba zingafani amandla izici. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukunquma ukubukeka ukuqina emihle futhi bonke ikhono material. izakhiwo eqine ezahlukene futhi wenze V3,5-B20. Uma usabalalise lezi zibalo ku ukubaluleka esiqondile umthwalo static, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa ukubaluleka kusuka 35 kuya 250 kg / cm ^2. Isisindo cishe ikhomba imingcele, kanye ziyahlukahluka kusuka 10 kuya 23 kg. Indaba has a ukuphila eshalofini zeminyaka angu-60, ukuthi ayenzi ke esimeme ngokuphelele.

umhwamuko permeability

Lolu khetho waba nesithakazelo kubantu muva njengoba ephawula keramzitoblok, izinzuzo nezingozi zazo ezihlobene ukusebenza kwemvelo. Kuleli qophelo kule ipharamitha ziqondiswa hhayi kuphela Konjiniyela, kodwa futhi abakhi yangasese, kanye abathengi abavamile. Claydite kuyinto "esiwuhogelayo" ezibonakalayo, ngakho ukukhathazeka ngakho engalandeli.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amanzi umusi permeability keramsit kuyizikhathi 2 ezingaphezu kuka sibalo ngesikhathi izitini. Ungakwazi ukuqhathanise ukhuni noma Gypsum ibhodi, njengoba isibalo kule yokwakha kancane, kodwa zilingana nezinhlobo izakhi abahamba phambili ngokuya kwemvelo.

Izakhiwo of keramzitobloka neze nemibono emoyeni elomile. Lokhu kwaziswa ubamba umswakama emkhathini, futhi uma imvelo esomile kakhulu, ngokushesha ke ulunika, ukuze uhlale uzizwa ukhululekile. Ngakho, isimo sezulu esikahle futhi engcono akunakwenzeka akuqonda ngemva kwesikhathi.