Komi - abantu aseNyakatho. Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze, amasiko, amasiko

Komi - abantu abahlala emahlathini enkulukazi, esenyakatho-mpumalanga ingxenye European yeRussia. amaqembu Its main ethnographic kukhona vymichi, verhnevychegortsy, pechortsy, Izhemtsy, udortsy, sysoltsy. Eyandulela weRiphabhulikhi Komi Perm Vychegodskaya kubhekwe.

yezandla bendabuko

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kabanzi kunazo phakathi kwalaba bantu ithole yezandla elihlobene ne ukucutshungulwa izinkuni. Emaphandleni, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthola umlimi ayikwazanga eyenziwe le nto iyiphi into yasendlini. Izhma Komi - abantu, ngaphezu kwalokhu, kwathiwa kahle athuthukile zamshedele. Ukugqoka isikhumba wahlanganyela ngokukhethekile eyakhelwe le njongo izindlu - ". Suede maqhugwane" Ngo Sysolsky futhi Nizhnevychegodskoy izindawo kanye wathola okwandile kulo msebenzi njengoba sigqoka amabhuzu.

Omunye umsebenzi we Komi lasendulo yayingesinye zobumba. Sasi- yokukhiqiza glassware ngokuba ekhaya, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. isondo sombumbi ukuthi cishe ayisetshenziswa. Wabonakala Komi ekhulwini xv, kodwa ukusakazwa futhi azizange zifike. Izidlo Ayekulungele ibhande endala ifindo ngendlela. Calcined preform olubunjiwe e esithandweni Russian.

ukudla yendabuko

Komi amasiko - eminyaka abantu bengawutholi wahlala side by side nge Russian, zifana maqondana ekudleni kwethu manje. Ukudla main abalimi kwaba iphalishi. Njengoba izifundo zokuqala, kaningi emizi ukulungiselela isobho zonke izinhlobo isobho, kuhlanganise inyama. ukudla Liquid kudliwa ikakhulu ngesikhathi ehlobo. Komi zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaba izinhlanzi imenyu. Le nhlanzi iphekwe, okugazingiwe, efakwé usawoti, wabhaka ophaya wakhe. Esikhathini kwabantu basenyakatho etafuleni ungase avame ukubonakala inyamazane eyosiwe. Njengoba for imifino, izingadi zemifino esekhulile turnips, radishes, u-anyanisi, turnips. Njengoba XIX leminyaka. Kube amazambane okwandile.

ethandwa kakhulu ngesikhathi Komi kwaba ukubhaka, yayisetshenziswa kakhulu nebhali nofulawa rye okuyiwona. isinkwa Round etafuleni sikhishiwe nsuku zonke. Ngamaholide Omuny wabhaka namanzi, amakhekhe, ophaya, Muffin, nokunye. D. ethandwa kakhulu, nabo bebekhona pancake kafulawa ibhali.

ezolimo

amasiko Agricultural sezizwe Komi nayo kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa kuya Russian. Nokho, ezivame kakhulu wokudla kwezitshalo babengenamduduzi ukolweni, nebhali. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XI, ezweni ephathwa ngesandla. Ekhulwini XII. belima Harrow baqala ukusebenzisa izinkomo amandla okusalungiswa. Ukulima at Komi umshado, ikakhulukazi amadoda. Harrow senziwa, kanye abantu enyakatho isiRashiya, ikakhulukazi intsha. Sivuna ibhali ekuqaleni Agasti. Lokhu msebenzi wawubhekwa isifazane. Ngokuvamile ngenxa yesithwathwa ekuseni nesinkwa bahlanza luhlaza kakhulu.

kwezitshalo ababhuliweyo usebenzisa ithuluzi ekhethekile - flail. ukwakhiwa kwawo kwakunjengokwetshe elula kakhulu: isiphatho sesigodo eside futhi axhunyiwe rawhide wayibhinca wakhe beat iDemo.

imfuyo

Komi - abantu Njengoba edlulisela amasiko kakhulu lasendulo ngokuya Izinkomo zizalela. Iqiniso ukuthi imfuyo sedentary kakade esikhathini Kama ku II-mina yeminyaka BC. e., ukuphakamisa evulekile lapha zemivubukulo. Leli chibi lingamamitha Vychegda izinkomo waqala ukuba ingazali, cishe, kancane kamuva - ku BC mina yeminyaka. Ososayensi baye bathola ukuthi amathambo ezifuywayo ezindaweni ezisithekileyo zesiko Vym XI-XII eminyaka. Komi ezifuywa endulo, ikakhulukazi izinkomo. Futhi walusa umhlambi kanye namahhashi emikhayeni. Uvolo, ubisi inyama uthengiswa esetshenziselwa yena.

Isiko kanye namasiko

Okwakhe futhi ubunjalo isiko ezahlukene - Komi abantu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, imikhuba yayo umnandi kakhulu. Lesi sakamuva singabangela ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Zokubeletha. Lamasiko yalolu hlobo zihlose kakhulu ekuzalweni ephephile ingane. Izinsana ngokuthi izwi engavamile "chock". Leli gama lisuselwa kusukela "ukhokho". Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi Komi wayekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi izingane ingene kulo izwe kusukela ezweni amadlozi. Lokuzala bagcwala imikhosi eminingi eyisiko ehlobene Komi. Ngokwesibonelo, umakoti nomkhwenyana emshadweni Stela semvu elingenamikhono, ukuze kamuva sebenezingane eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi komshado umakoti ngenhloso efanayo zafakwa ngamadolo wengane. ukunakekelwa okukhulu kakhulu yabonisa Komi mayelana nempilo yezingane esizayo. Ngaphambi kokuba bashade, lowo izihlobo izinhlangothi Bahlola ngokucophelela ukuze ubone uma lowo mkhaya kusukela kwalokho beza Ganiselanani, le abagula ngengqondo noma abagulayo.
2. Wedding. E Komi kwakunamabandla amathathu kuphela izinhlobo umshado: a kalym, isipho nokuthumba. Imishado Komi libhekene inqwaba ezihlukahlukene emikhosini esibophezelayo.
3. Burial isikhumbuzo. imicikilisho yokusebenzelana Funeral zihluke Lesi silwane esiyinkimbinkimbi ikakhulukazi abantu. Ngemva kokufa indoda endlini ukunqanda abantu bangathathi wonke amawindi, imidwebo, imifanekiso, izinto evele ecwebezelayo. indoda Dead wageza futhi ibekwe endaweni sonwele noma lomngcwabo zikaphayini. A isiko evame kakhulu kwaba nasekuhlephuleni isinkwa.

Komi - abantu isiko ocebile, original kakhulu. Ezinye imicikilisho ethile zalo nasemasikweni alo afana isiRashiya sethu esingacacile. Nokho, kunomehluko eziningi. Namuhla, imizamo eyenziwayo eziningi Komi emasikweni okhokho babo baye alilitshelwe, ngokuhlela zonke izinhlobo uma kunemikhosi yesizwe kuphela namaholide.