I-Barrier egijima: imithetho namasu

Ukugijima kwe-Barrier kubhekwa uhlobo olungaqondile lomsebenzi wesintu. Ekuqaleni, imincintiswano enjalo yayihilela abelusi abazama ukunqoba izimpondo zezimvu ngokushesha. Kamuva lo mdlalo waba udume kakhulu, wangena ohlelweni lweMidlalo yama-Olympic.

Intshisekelo yabantu yanda, bayithande inqubo yokuvimbela i-barrier kanye ne-adrenaline, etholakala ngesikhathi sokunyakaza ngesivinini esikhulu nokugxuma. Ochwepheshe abalungiselela abagijimi kulo mncintiswano, baqala ukufuna izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho, sonke isikhathi sokuba khona kwayo, indlela yokunqoba umkhawulo ushintshile kaningi.

Umncintiswano wemingcele wabonakala kuqala ohlelweni lweMidlalo yama-Olimpiki ngo-1896, kodwa amadoda kuphela ahlanganyela kulo, kwabesifazane ibanga latholakala ngemva kweminyaka engama-24 kuphela. Kuze kube ngo-1935, umgoqo wawunokubonakala kohlobo lwe-T, bese ushintshela ube yi-L. Kuze kube manje, ukhetho lwesibili lisetshenziselwa, ngoba luphephile futhi lukulungele kakhulu ukunqoba. Lesi sithiyo sinomphumela wokuphonsa, okudingekayo uma kwenzeka ukuthi umgijimi akakwazanga ukugxuma phezu kwalo.

Ukuhamba kwemincintiswano

Emincintiswaneni, abagijimi kufanele banqobe ukuhamba okunjalo kwe-barrier run:

• Amamitha angu-60 kanye nezithiyo (eziqhutshwa kuma-atnas);
• Amamitha ayi-100 ubude besifazane, namamitha angu-110 amadoda;
• Amamitha ayi-400 anezithiyo (ezenziwa emabhayisikobho avulekile).

Uma ugijima ngamamitha angu-400 kumadoda, ibanga eliphakathi kwezingqinamba lingamamitha angu-35, futhi ukuphakama kwesibhawulo esisodwa kungamamitha angu-0.914, kwabesifazane ibanga lilinganayo, futhi ukuphakama kungamamitha angu-0.762.

Umncintiswano wokuvimbela umzila ohamba kancane uqhutshwa emigwaqweni eqondile, futhi ibanga elingamamitha angu-400 - kumzila oyingqayizivele. Umgijimi ngamunye ugijima endleleni yakhe, hhayi ukuwela imingcele yawo. Izithiyo zitholakala ibanga elifanayo ukuze izisekelo ziqondiswe emgqeni wokuqala. Ungasusa isithinte ngomthwalo wama 4 kilogram.

Qala nokusheshisa

Ezingqungqutheleni, ukugijima kwemingcele kuqala ngesiqalo endaweni ephansi. Lapho umyalo othi "Ukunakwa!" Unikezwa, umgijimi kufanele akhuphule isisindo sokuthwala izinga. Umgijimi uqala njalo emva kokusakazwa "ngoMashi!". Ngezinyathelo zokuqala ezingu-4-5 lo mdlali kufanele abe nesikhathi sokuvumelanisa umzimba wakhe, bese kungokwemvelo ukugijima. Okuphumelela kakhulu ukugxuma kulabo abadlali abaphethe isikhungo sobuningi obufana ne-crossbar. Isigaba sokusheshisa kokuqala sigcwaliswe ngemuva kokuba umlenze wenyuka uphakanyiswe, okuhlasela isithiyo.

Isivimbela sokuqala

Okuyisisekelo sokuvimbela ukuvinjelwa akusiyo ukugxuma phezu kwezithiyo, kodwa ukunqoba izithiyo. Ukunyakaza komgijimi akukwenziwe phezulu, kodwa ekuqondeni phambili. Isivinini ngasinye sithathwa ngokuhambisana nenqubo efanayo, ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbalwa eziningana:

1. Ukuhlaselwa. Ukuze ahlasele, umgijimi uphakamisa umlenze wokugaya, ukuwuguqa emadolweni, bese evula i-shin, eqondisa isithende phambili. Kulolu cala, le nsipho isendaweni ehambisana nendawo ehamba phambili, futhi umzimba kanye nenhloko igcinwa ngokuqinile emgqeni ofanayo.
2. I-Crossbar. Ekuhambeni kwe-crossbar, umgijimi udinga ukuphakamisa umlenze ugobile emadolweni, ephikisanayo, nokukhulula isikhumba. Ukuhamba kwezinyawo kuqondiswa phansi, umbhalo we-handwraith ubuyela emuva.
3. Ukuza. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwesinyathelo, umqhudelwano ugoqa umlenze wokuguqula ekusekelweni kwesithende kusukela kusikhatshana, ngenkathi uhlala kude namamitha angu-130 ukusuka kumkhawulo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umzimba ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kokuwuguqula phambili.

Akuwona wonke umdlali we-novice okwazi ukufunda umzila wokuvimbela. Bambalwa abantu abakwazi ukudlula imingcele yokuqala, ngakho-ke abantu badumazeka ngamakhono abo futhi bashiya leli cala. Kuchwepheshe, ukuhamba kwesivinini akulula.

Ibanga elikhulu

Ubude bebanga, kanye nenani lezithiyo, kunqunywe kusukela ekubalweni kwezinyathelo ezintathu zomjaho ezenziwa ngumdlali phakathi kwezivimbelo. Eyokuqala yawo iyifushane, eyesibili yiyona ende kunazo zonke, okwesithathu ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokugxuma.

Ngenxa yendlela yokufunda umgudu wokuvimbela, ungafunda ukuthi ungabala kanjani izinyathelo lapho usebenza futhi ujikeleza umzimba. Wonke umncintiswano uyenziwa ngokuthambekela komzimba ngaphambili. Lapha isigqi sibaluleke kakhulu, okuyinto enqatshelwe ukuphula ngisho noma isithiyo sidliwa. Imithetho ithi akwenqatshelwe ukuthwala imilenze ukusuka eceleni kwe-crossbar noma uthinte ngamabomu umgoqo.

Qedela

Isigaba sokugcina siqala ngemuva kokuba umdlali egcwalise isithiyo samuva. Qedela ngezindlela eziningana:

• Ukuqedela okwenziwe kamuva (umgijimi uphenduka kancane kancane, aqhubekele phambili ehlombe lokunene);
• Ukuphonsa isifuba (umqhudelwano uguqula isidumbu, abuye izandla zakhe lapho efinyelela amamitha wokugcina ebanga).

Imithetho kanye namarekhodi omhlaba

Imithetho yomncintiswano we-barrier run inokunye okufana nethrekhi nensimu ye-sprint. Umehluko kuphela ukutholakala kwezithiyo. Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo nokuphakama kwawo lihlukile ngokuvumelana nezici zobulili zabadlali, njengoba kuchazwe ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko.

Imithetho ivimbela isithiyo ngezindlela ezinjalo:

• Ukuthwala unyawo ngaphandle kwesivinini;
• Ukugijima eceleni;
• Ukudlula ngaphansi kwesithiyo.

Umphumela awuthinteki ngenombolo yezingqinamba ezithintekayo - zinciphisa umncintiswano kuphela.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi somncintiswano, abanikazi berekhodi babe:

1. U-Aris Merritt (amamitha angu-110 ku-12.80 amasekhondi).
2. Yordanka Donkova (ngamamitha angu-100 emasethini angu-12.21).
3. Kevin Young (amamitha angu-400 kumasekhondi angu-46.78).
4. UJulia Pechenkina (amamitha angu-400 kumasekhondi angu-52.34).

Ukuqeqesha emkhakheni wokuvimbela ukusebenza

Ikhono lokugijima ngokushesha futhi leqa izithiyo ezinganele akwanele ukuhlanganyela emincintiswaneni kulo mdlalo. Okokuqala, kudingeka uqeqeshwe ukuze uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inkinga yokuvimbela isiphetho nokuthi ungazuza kanjani imiphumela emihle. Ukuqeqesha kunamanyathelo amane, okubalulekile kuwo wonke.

Inqubo yokuvinjelwa kwe-barrier ingase ingacacisiswanga nakanjani kubaqalayo, uma ingakaze ibone izisekelo eziyisisekelo zokusebenza okubushelelezi futhi ayikwazi ukuqonda ukuqala okuphansi nokuphezulu. Abagijimi baqala ukuqeqeshwa ngokugcwele kuphela emva kokufunda lezi zakhono, ngoba ngaphandle kwabo ibanga ngeke lidluliswe kahle, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukubamba iqhaza emidlalweni yama-Olympic kungakhohlwa.

Eziyisisekelo

Ukuzijwayeza kwabo ngekhono lokusebenzisa izithiyo abagijimi baqala ngokubonisa indlela yokuhamba ngaphezu kwebanga. Kuhlanganisa ukugijima kusukela ekuqaleni nokuhamba kwezivimbelo ezintathu noma ezine, kanye nokuqeda.

Abagijimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukubonisa le nqubo izikhathi ezimbalwa, emva kwalokho izikhathi eziningana zigijima izinyathelo ezintathu ngokusebenzisa izithiyo eziningana ezinamaphesenti angaba ngu-50 ubude. Kulesi simo, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithiyo kufanele libe ngamamitha angu-7-8.

Ngenkathi uzijwayeza ngezingqalasizinda zokugijima, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukubhekana nesithiyo, ukuphonsa kuso, kanye nokuxhumeka komdlalo wokuzulazula ngokusebenzisa izithiyo kanye nokugijima kwe-inter-barrier.

Ukulungiselela

Ukugijimela izithiyo kudinga ukuthi umgijimi abe nokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kwesandulela nangemuva kwethanga, kanye nokuhamba endaweni ehlangene ne-hip. Ukufeza lokhu, kufanele wenze izivivinyo eziyisisekelo. Zihloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokuqina kwezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-ligament, kanye nemisipha. Lokhu kufaka:

1. UMakhi unyawo phambili futhi abuyele esikhundleni sokuma ekusekeleni (udonga, isihlalo njalonjalo).
2. UMakhi ezinhlangothini, ngaphandle kokugoqa umlenze emadolweni, ebhekene nokusekelwa.
3. Ukuhamba ngokuhlaselwa kanye nokugubha okwakhiwa kwe-hull, ngokuthambekela phambili nokuthinta izingqimba zomhlaba.
4. Hamba emuva emuva odongeni, ugobe unyawo lwakho emadolweni bese ufinyelela ngezinyosi zakho emgqeni we-crossbar, ubeke emhlane ophansi bese udonsa phambili.
5. Ukuhlala esikhundleni sesinyathelo sokuvimbela, ukudonsa umlenze wokugwedla phambili, ukugoba umlenze wokugijima ezinyaweni bese uwuhambisa ohlangothini ngokucacile engxenyeni efanele.

Ngenqubo yokuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokuqina kwezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-ligament nemisipha, abagijimi bokuqala baqala kancane kancane ukuqonda indlela abazokunqoba ngayo izithiyo esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yalezi zivivinyo, ungakwazi ukuqonda isigqi sokusebenza phakathi kwezivimbelo.

Okokuqala udinga ukuqonda zonke izivivinyo ezihloswe ekusetshenzisweni okulungile kokugxeka ebusweni nokungena kwesibhawulo. Emva kwalokho, ukusetshenziselwa kokudla kuyasetshenziswa. Siyabonga ukuthi kungenzeka ukwazi futhi ukutadisha kahle indlela yokuhamba komlenze wokugijima. Okulandelayo yizindlela ezinikeza ithuba lokuqonda inhlanganisela yokunyakaza kwemilenze yomabili (i-flywheel kanye ne-joggle), futhi futhi kusukela esithintekayo.

Isigqi

Ngenhloso yokuqeqesha abagijimi, isigqi kanye nendlela yokuhamba phakathi kwezithiyo ezithinta ithrekhi zitholakala izithiyo ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu, ukuphakama kwayo okungaba ngamamitha angu-50-60, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwabo lingamamitha angu-7.5. Umsebenzi wabagijimi - kusukela endaweni yokuqala ephezulu ukudlula ibanga, okwenza izinyathelo ezine emkhawulweni wokuqala, naphakathi kwazo - ngokucacile izinyathelo ezintathu ezihambayo.

Njengoba abagijimi bekulungiselela, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithiyo nokuphakama kwawo kwanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abagijimi kufanele baqhubeke bekhulisa ijubane abadlula ibanga ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kwabo. Isisusa esihle salokhu ngamarekhodi omhlaba emincintiswaneni.

Ukugqwabanisa

Njengoba ufunde indlela yokunqoba izithiyo kanye nesigqi sokusebenza, sekuyisikhathi sokuba umdlali afunde inqubo yokuqala futhi, nakanjani, ukusheshisa kokuqala. Okokuqala kufanele uqaphele inqubo yokuqala okuphansi futhi ufunde ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole isivinini. Kanye nalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenze ngendlela ejwayelekile yokugijima kuze kube sekuvinjeni kokuqala, ngokufanele ukuthola unyawo lwakho kuze kube seqophelweni lokukhungatheka ngokusebenzisa isithiyo, futhi ukwandise ijubane lakho ngemuva kokuba umkhawulo unqotshwe.

Ukuthuthukisa amakhono

Umncintiswano angakwazi ukuqonda indlela yokuvimbela ukugijima nokuthuthukisa amakhono akhe kuphela lapho edlula zonke izigaba zokulungiselela futhi uzokwenza ngokuphindaphindiwe umzimba wokuzivocavoca. Ukuze kuqeqeshwe ukufaneleka kwezithiyo zezemidlalo eziphakamileyo ezihlukahlukene, inani lawo liye landa njalo. Umdlali kufanele afunde ukunqoba ibanga lonke ngaphandle kwamaphutha, ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo eqhuba ukusebenza kusukela kokubili okuphansi nokuphezulu.