Kuphi e Smolensk: izindawo ezingcono

Smolensk idolobha waphunyuka isiphetho zokuhamba kanye trans-mpahla iphuzu, naphezu kwesimo sabo ezindawo. Iqiniso lokuthi umuzi esemgwaqweni kusuka eMoscow kuya Belarus naseYurophu. Lapha, ngokubona okubonakala ngeso lenyama ungabona ukuzimela futhi ukuhlolisisa ukuthi wazizwa kulo.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo lena yokuthi Smolensk kwaba liphakathi kwemizi yokuqala elalihlanganyela isitha kusuka entshonalanga wathatha sekukaningi hit. Futhi lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona ezinye izakhiwo ezithile, omunye okuyinto odongeni inqaba. Kuphi e Smolensk? Kanjani ukuqala uhambo lwakho kuleli dolobha elihle, unquma. Ngezansi zalo ezikhangayo ethandwa kakhulu.

Smolensk inqaba odongeni

Lowo wafika Smolensk, okokuqala udinga ukuvakashela odongeni inqaba, abendawo ngokuthi "the Kremlin". Lokhu odongeni iyona isici esikhanga kakhulu nge nokuziqhenya komuzi. ukwakhiwa kwalo kuthiwa walotshwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII. Kulesi sikhathi esinzima, idolobha wazizwa amagalelo nokuhlasela evela entshonalanga. Ukwakhiwa odongeni Wathuthuka ngokushesha kakhulu, naphezu ubude 6.5 km kanti khona 38 nemibhoshongo nomklamo walo. Wohlanga olukhulu Boris Godunov nhlobo nokuqhuba noma yimiphi eminye esakhiweni ngaphandle izindonga, kuyilapho izinqaba zaleli dolobha ngeke ngokuyinhloko ukuqiniswa. Uma impendulo yombuzo othi: "Ngingayaphi ngisuka kuya Smolensk" ayitholakali, kubalulekile ukuya odongeni, okuyinto lokuzazisa futhi obuqhawe edolobheni.

inqaba Avikelayo

Izitha bokuqala abake ukalwe ukuzivikela ikhono Smolensk izingongolo odongeni steel. Naphezu eliphezulu izakhiwo izinqaba kanye nobude enkulu (kuhlanganise edolobheni), nabasePoland nobutha-nomqondo ukumba umsele ngaphansi odongeni ziyaphawuleka, namanje bawuthatha umuzi. Kwathi ngemva kokuvinjezelwa kuyakhathaza eside. Kakhulu kangakanani lucky abahlaseli Swedish, kwaholela Karl XII. Wayekhipha yona le umkhuzi edume cishe wawa ekuthunjweni Russian. Enye kuhlaselwa the Smolensk inqaba kwaba ohlangothini French emuva 1812. Kodwa, ngeshwa, novivinyo olunzima kakhulu futhi akhathazayo oluzofikela leli izinqaba ngesikhathi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngenxa yokubakhona imibhoshongo, ezempi Kwakuseshwa nge imikhakha emithathu. Of lonke inani imibhoshongo esikhathini yesimanje imisebenzi yabo ongenza izakhiwo 17 kuphela.

Kuphi e Smolensk ngempelasonto? Njalo izivakashi owafika ngo Smolensk for izinsukwana, kufanele uhambe uyokhonza kanye efeni elingokomoya labantwana edolobheni.

Assumption Cathedral

Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla, ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi e Smolensk waqala emuva ngo 1101. It lwenziwe ngemiyalo yezikhulu uVladimir Monomakh. Yangcwelisa lombhishobhi wayeseGibithe 1150 nge-honours egcwele. Kuyinto lokhu sezindela kwaba abathile ebandleni, kuqala itshe emzini. Kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto yinto yokuziqhenya ekhethekile kuzo zonke izakhamuzi. Ngokusho yetinsita abadumile, ngesikhathi Smolensk abezempi amabutho Batu Khan owezizwe wakhuleka phambi isithonjana of Our Lady, futhi wayilandisa ukugqoka imvunulo yakhe yempi, niye ekamu zidlamlilo. Lapho ebusuku iqhawe elinesibindi uvele lwesiTatar edolobheni ngezikhali futhi wabhubhisa lenqwaba abantu, amabutho esitha babesaba futhi washiya Smolensk. Kususelwa kule nganekwane, iqhawe okuthiwa Mercury uwukubonakaliswa ubungcwele, ngisho nezimbadada zakhe igcinwe njengomqondo oyinkolelo e Cathedral. Kuphi e Smolensk, ugcwaliswe ephulukisa energy futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ningathinti umlando edolobheni? Cathedral of kweNyuka - indawo ephelele ukungcebeleka.

izikhathi ezinzima

Abode usekhonze edolobheni lakubo isigamu ngemva kweminyaka eyinkulungwane. Kodwa, ngeshwa, 1611, ngesikhathi ukuhlaselwa isitha weNkosi Sigismund namabutho akhe emzini amasosha Russian yayihluthulelwe sesonto, futhi kungakabiphi kwaba iqhume. Ngale ndlela, i-abavikeli abanesibindi baye babonisa ukuthi kungcono ukufa kunokuphila libanjwe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kusayithi lombhishobhi ubudala uyithempeli enhle lakhiwa. It babengafani ezinye izinombolo ngobungcweti bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo nengaphandle. 3 kwakhiwa shrine portal emnyango ukubukeka cross-oluyingungu nge Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba ehlanganisa izingxenye 3. ubuhle Incredible walo wayenguNkulunkulu ngokwakhe iconostasis, zaveza by amakhosi engcono esikoleni sakhe edume yokudweba Andreya Rubleva. I izilinganiso zethempeli nazo umxhwele: ukuphakama ophahleni olungaphakathi lwesakhiwo imayelana 30 amamitha. Ekupheleni kwe-XVIII leminyaka eduze enhle isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi lamiswao ku ethempelini elingcwele, kanye isandiso ngokurhaba amahora. XX leminyaka emlandweni lombhishobhi kwaphawulwa ukwakhiwa Chapel behlonipha engcwele esontweni. isiphetho okukhulu Smolensk kungabonakala zonke izimpi, ukuthi yathinteka. Ngisho isitha njalo abatshazwe ubuhle ethempelini lasezulwini. Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla nofakazi bokuzibonela, uNapoleon ngokwakhe, owayengomunye esendleleni eya eMoscow nge Smolensk, emuva 1812 wakhumula isigqoko sakhe phambi olungaphambili lwesonto ngilahlekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1941, omunye izinduna isiJalimane, Jikelele Guderian, ngaphambilini abangaphansi kwakhe ukuze avikele leli abode ongcwele.

engadini Blon

Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu Smolensk kusukela umbono yomlando kuyinto Garden Blon. Lokhu edolobheni yasungulwa ngo ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Ngasekuqaleni esikhundleni sakhe kwaba phambili endaweni. izimpande zomlando Very interesting yigama lesi engadini, njengoba umsindo yayo has ukufana lapho bekhuluma isiFulentshi. Kodwa ososayensi okuye kwenziwa kuye kwabonisa ukuthi unesikhathi izimpande bomdabu Russian futhi lisho "Kwezivulekile". Ngo-1885, kwaba khona lesikhumbuzo kuya Glinka edume. Khona-ke, kuleli paki kukhona ingeniswe esuka eJalimane inyamazane esifanekisweni, wenza cast ngethusi. Esanda kutholakala, epaki abafake Izinsimbi futhi ninqume cishe yonke imithi emidala engadini ishintshile angaphezu ukuqashelwa.

epaki Lopatinsky

Iyindawo ethokomele elise enkabeni yedolobha ensimini ka edume inqaba udonga. Uma unombuzo "Kuphi nengane Smolensk?", Bese ukhetho best awulona ukuthola. Lesi siqiwu iyindawo lusetshenziswa izizinda zonke izakhamuzi nezivakashi. Ngisho ku ezikude 1874, Lopatin lwenzelwe engadini landscaped wobuhle ukuhamba ekuseni, okuyinto kwaba ingxenye eyinhloko kwepaki. Esinye isivakashi lokuqala kwepaki Smolensk kwaba UNikolai II, owabe wadumisa lesi sidalwa esihle. Ekupheleni izinyathelo zokuguqula umbuso, amaBolshevik uqambe kabusha ke igama sana epaki. Kodwa kakade ekhulwini XX Square ngasibuyisela igama yayo yasekuqaleni. Namuhla-ke ingenye amakhadi ibhizinisi sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa yindawo enhle ukuya Smolensk kuyadingeka.

Kuyini epaki emangalisayo?

Lesi siqiwu unemisebenzi indawo ezithakazelisayo womhlaba, njengoba itholakala ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ezitaladini ezine - Lenin, umholi noKarla Marksa, Dzerzhinsky futhi Przewalski. Ngamunye ezitaladini okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, ongowenani elikhulu zomlando ngenxa yokubakhona esikhumbuzo izikhathi ezahlukene. Ekupheleni yonke imigwaqo kukhona isango, okuyizinto umnyango kwepaki Lopatinskii. Insimu yalesi siqiwu zoned thematically. I zomlando okuyingxenye isiqeshana odongeni, nenqaba futhi emgodini. Amapaki ezokuzijabulisa isici siqukethe ezihlukahlukene ezikhangayo. ukuzilibazisa endaweni iyipharadesi lonke thulisa. Siqukethe ukucula imithombo, echibini nge Waterfowl futhi Aviaries nge izingwejeje cute. Ngamunye izingxenye ifanele, futhi sivule anika imizwelo eyakhayo izivakashi zayo. Noma ubani angabona imvelo olunothile, ukondla izakhamuzi zendawo, ihambe ngezikebhe eduze imizimba amanzi abese ehlela abangasoze balukhohlwa photo shoot sizungezwe ubuhle acwebile izitshalo.

Amazing idolobha - Petersburg. "Kuphi, yini ukubona?" - imibuzo eyabuzwa zonke izivakashi ukuvakashela le ndawo enhle kangaka. Ngenhlanhla e Smolensk kukhona izingosi eziningi ezithakazelisayo ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukubukeka.