Kuyini disc optical? CD-ROM drive, laser nezinye akwazi ukugcina optical

Ezimpilweni zethu thina ngokuqinile ezihlukahlukene idatha ukucubungula nesilondoloze. Esikhathini esidlule kuye kwanyatheliswa iphepha zomlando. Yiziphi abezindaba yesimanje?

idrayivu Optical: umlando ekudalweni

Idivayisi lokuqala ukugcina eziqoshiwe zakhiqizwa Sony emuva ngo-1979. Umelelwa, njengoba manje, disc noplastiki imbobo isiyingi maphakathi. Ekuqaleni lalisetshenziswa kuphela ukuqopha amafayela alalelwayo, futhi ulwazi ayegcotshwa indlela oluthile esephepheni Pulse Code Ukushintshashintsha. It itholakala lokuthi ukuthi umbhalo noma umsindo sidlula analog-to-digital Converter futhi iguqulwe ibe iqoqo izingcezu.

Kamuva, ngo-1982, eJalimane baqala ekukhiqizweni CD. Basuke ukuthenga ukugcina ezihlukahlukene amafayela. Ngokushesha, base emashalofini hhayi kuphela izitolo zomculo.

ahlelwe CD kanjani? Izisekelo esetshenziselwa yokukhiqiza 1,2-milimitha ukujiya polycarbonate ipuleti 120 mm ububanzi, okuyinto kuqala camera nge ungqimba ezondile metal (igolide, aluminium, isiliva nokunye. D.), Bese ukuvenisha. Leyo mininingwane lisetshenzisiwe metal ngesimo imigodi (indentations) extruded endleleni Kuvunguza. Ukufunda amafayela eqoshiwe kudiski optical, Kwenzeka esebenzisa ugongolo laser nge nombono ka 780 nm. It kubonakala ebusweni plate, ke okushintsha isigaba futhi ufake umfutho owengeziwe ehlela phezu imigodi. Unikeza Ubufakazi obizwa nangokuthi izikhala phakathi imigodi. Isinyathelo track yomsindo ise Helix cishe 1.6 microns.

Izinhlobo lamadiski optical

Kunezinhlobo eziningana CD: sediski (CD), Digital Anhlobonhlobo Disc (DVD), Blu-ray Disc (BD). Bonke babe umthamo ezahlukene ukuze abhalele. Ngokwesibonelo, i-DVD-akwazi ukugcina akhiqizwa umthamo kusuka 4.3 kuya 15.9 GB, ne-CD - MB 900 kuphela.

Liphinde zihlukaniswa okuqoshiwe akwazi ukugcina kaningi: olulodwa futhi amaningi. Ngo media ezifana ehlukile ezimise isakhiwo esiqoshiwe imigodi. ukuqoshwa ukubhala ngaphezulu kuba Sibonga kungenzeka ukuba izinto eziphilayo ukuthi ngaphansi isenzo laser mnyama nezinguquko reflectivity. Ngo parlance common, le nqubo elibizwa evutha.

Enye abezindaba optical ingahluka fomu. CD okwenyanga (CD Shaped) ezisetshenziswa kwezokuzijabulisa, bezibheka njengabanakekeli amafayela alalelwayo video. Eza kunoma iyiphi ukuma (isikwele, ngesimo indiza noma inhliziyo). Basebenzise ukuze CD-ROM oshayelayo akunconywa ngoba ukudabuka ngesivinini.

CD-Roms kanye ne izinhlobo zazo

Optical drive CD-R othwala ulwazi, okuyinto ukufunda kuphela. Bhala amafayela kuyona, ungakwazi kanye kuphela ngaphandle ilungelo lokuhlela kanye ukwengeza. Ekuqaleni ikghono lama akwazi ukugcina safinyelela MB noma imizuzu yomsindo 74 650 kuphela. amadivaysi isiyatholakala ukuthi singamelana nalobo kuze kufinyelele 900 MB kolwazi. Izinzuzo yokuthi Ukufundwa isekelwa zonke CD standard.

Ngaso leso inkumbulo laser has a CD-RW, kuphela amafayela kuso, ungarekhoda kaningi (izikhathi afinyelela ku-1000). Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinhlelo zekhompyutha ejwayelekile. Yini embi ngalo wukuthi akuwona wonke amadivayisi zilungele ukusebenza lesi sakhiwo. CD-RW zithé ezibizayo ezingaphezu kuka-CD-R.

CD equkethe alalelwayo nabukelwayo cha possess phi degree yokuvikela, bangakwazi kuphinde kabusha. Kodwa abezindaba ngedatha ethize sokuvikela ikhophi StarForce ubuchwepheshe.

ROM akwazi ukugcina ezilotshwe ifektri ingadlala kuphela emuva idatha. Hlela le imoto akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-optical RAM-uhlobo idivayisi sitlolwe kuze kube izikhathi 10,000, futhi ukukhonza kuze kube iminyaka engu-30. Lezi akwazi ukugcina enzelwa cartridges ezengeziwe, labo lokufunda ayisekelwa yi ngemoto ezivamile.

DVD-zenethiwekhi kanye nezici zabo

Digital Anhlobonhlobo Disc iyi-digital multi-purpose isitoreji medium. isakhiwo salo luthe ukuqina, kanti iqukethe ulwazi oluningi (kufika ku-15 GB). Leyo disk optical sifana ethe njo ndawonye ezimbili CD. Ukugcinwa Kwazo Ngenjongo nokufunda ukwaziswa enkulu ivolumu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa laser ebomvu, nombono okuyinto 650 nm kanye ne-lens nge beso esiphezulu zezinombolo. DVD-akwazi ukugcina eyodwa noma ezimbili ukuqopha ohlangothini, kanye elilodwa noma amabili izingqimba ukusebenza ohlangothini ngalunye. Lezi zinkomba ukucacisa amandla abo.

Njenganoma CD-akwazi ukugcina, i-DVD zihlukaniswe nezakhiwo eziningana. DVD-R noma i-DVD + R unaleli gciwane, okungase kuphela eqoshiwe ulwazi. kulezi akwazi ukugcina, ukurekhoda izinga akhiwa Ingqalabutho 1997 .. "Minus" futhi "plus" kumadivayisi kuhluke izithombe ungqimba lembhali kanye ekhethekile wokugubha.

Optical Amadiski DVD RW (DVD + RW, i-DVD-RW) banekhono abezindaba elibhalekayo. Futhi "plus" abezindaba ikuvumela ukuba wenze izinguquko endaweni ezidingekayo ku ngokubona kwakho. oshayelayo Universal ukusiza ukuxazulula inkinga ka ukungavumelani nezakhiwo (+ RW futhi -RW).

Uyini-ray Player Blu le Disc?

Lolu hlobo lwe-drive optical ikuvumela ukugcina bese ubhala idatha digital ngesikhathi high density. Ukuze ekukhiqizweni ulwazi (ngisho kwencazelo eliphezulu isiqophi) usebenzisa blue laser ugongolo at 405 NM, okuyinto unciphise kabili ithrekhi Kuvunguza. Amafayela ukuthi basondelene kakhulu komunye nomunye, singangena kule umonakalo mechanical, ngakho idrayivu ukuba ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Okusanda ekhiqizwa izimoto nge enamathela ekhethekile kuyosuswa ngendwangu eyomile evamile.

Kukhona Blu-ray akwazi ukugcina okurekhodiwe alahlwayo futhi esebenza, kanye ne-multi-ungqimba (2 kuya ku-4 izingqimba). Umthamo "laminate" umthuthi ifinyelela 128GB. Ngakho-ke has a standard 12-cm ububanzi. Two-ungqimba ejwayelekile Blu-ray Disc uphakamisa 50 GB kolwazi. Ekuthuthukisweni yidivayisi ifinyelela nomthamo 300-400 GB, okuyinto ungafunda ngemoto yesimanje. Ukuze isiqophi amakhamera asetshenziswe ezincane ubukhulu amadiski (80 mm) ngenhloso umthamo isitoreji-15 GB.

Ukuze uvikeleke kusukela ikhophi Blu-ray ifakwe amanzi digital kumaka ROM-Marku nobuchwepheshe okuphoqelekile Kopisha aphethwe.

Injongo MiniDVD-media

abezindaba Optical Mini DVD ikhophi ezincane ezivamile Digital Anhlobonhlobo Disc. He is 8 cm ububanzi futhi isetshenziswa amakhamera camcorders. Single-emaceleni disc ongama ku 1.4 GB kwemininingwane, ngokulandelana, ezimbili ngendlela - 2.8 GB. On ifomethi zingabantu MiniDVD-R (ukubhala kanye) kanye MiniDVD-RW (multiple).

Standard-12 intshi drive ayenzelwanga ukufunda Mini DVD. Uma usebenzisa akwazi ukugcina anjalo esikhathini laptop ozofakwa lokuphotha drive imoto. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izinkinga kanye ukufundwa esiphathiswa ulwazi. Ngokuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo, nekhompyutha ubonisa ngamazwi "akatholakalanga umshayeli i drive optical." Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, uthintane i uMklami abanolwazi.