Kuyini ngesiphuphutheki? izinhlobo iziphuphutheki

Umthala Ogcwele Izinkanyezi ohlelweni i-Milky Way, esiphila, kuhlanganisa ilanga 8 amaplanethi ehamba izungeze ke. Okokuqala ososayensi nesithakazelo ekutadisheni amaplanethi eseduze. Nokho, iziphuphutheki amaplanethi futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu. Kuyini ngesiphuphutheki? Yiziphi imibono yabo? Yiziphi benesithakazelo kangaka isayensi?

Kuyini ngesiphuphutheki?

Companion ngokuthi umzimba ezincane ukuthi wenza ukunyakaza ukujikeleza emhlabeni ngaphansi kwethonya adonsela phansi. Okwamanje, siyazi of 44 izindikimba zasezulwini.

Satellites bengekho kuphela ezimbili amaplanethi lokuqala isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga, Venus futhi Mercury. Umhlaba has a satellite olulodwa (Moon). "Iplanethi Ebomvu" (Mars) has 2 nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ezihambisana ke - Deimos futhi Phobos. Iplanethi ngobukhulu ezisesimisweni sethu sikanozungezilanga - Jupiter - has 16 iziphuphutheki. Saturn of 17 Uranus - 5 ne-Neptune - 2.

izinhlobo iziphuphutheki

Zonke iziphuphutheki zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili - zemvelo kanye yokufakelwa.

Artificial - adalwe abantu mayelana nezinto zasemkhathini, enganikeza ithuba lokubheka bese hlola iplanethi nezinye izinto ezisemkhathini. Ziyakwazi kudingekile ngenjongo yokuyohlelekela amabalazwe, sezulu, amasignali Umsakazo. Elikhulu kunawo wonke "umhambi esikanye" eyenziwe Emhlabeni - I-International Space Station (ISS). Satellites kukhona iplanethi yethu hhayi kuphela. Bangaphezu kuka-10 lezi zindikimba zasemkhathini singaxoxi Venus ne-Mars.

Uyini satellite yemvelo? Basuke adalwe Imvelo uqobo lwayo. umsuka wabo uye njalo wavusa isithakazelo esikhulu ososayensi. Kunemibono eminingana, kodwa ukugxila izinguqulo ezisemthethweni.

Kuyo yonke iplanethi ngalinye has a yinhlanganisela uthuli cosmic negesi. Planet udonsa izindikimba zasezulwini ukuthi kudlule hlanu kwalo. Ngenxa yalokhu nokuxhumana, kanye iziphuphutheki kwakhiwa. Kukhona umbono by izindikimba zasezulwini elenga ezintanjeni ashayisane iplanethi, ahlukaniswe izingcezwana kamuva okwakuzoba yisikhungo umumo eyindilinga. Ngokusho lo mbono, satellite yemvelo Zomhlaba futhi shard kule planethi yethu. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ukufana kwamazwi chemistries eliwumhlaba nokwenyanga.

iziphuphutheki orbit

Kuncike 3 izinhlobo ezungeza.

Polar athambekele ekusebenziseni indiza elisenkabazwe ye-iplanethi engela kwesokudla.

Trajectory of the emzileni enalokho kuthambekela is offset mayelana indiza bhé engela engaphansi kuka 90 ^0.

Equatorial (obizwa nangokuthi geostationary) ise indiza efanayo umzimba wayo trajectory yasezulwini ezihambayo ngesivinini nokusakazwa iplanethi kuma-axis awo.

Futhi, umzila wokuzungeza siphuphutheki ngefomu ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo - isiyingi futhi okweqanda. Ngezinye uzungeza emzileni isiyingi nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ihamba kwelinye izindiza iplanethi nge ibanga njalo ngaphezu kwamanzi planethi. Uma uhamba satellite i orbit okweqanda, lokhu ibanga kushintsha phakathi kwesikhathi esisodwa ithuba.

iziphuphutheki Yemvelo amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga: Managing

inyanga Saturn sika Titan inezidingo nomkhathi wawo obukhulu. On ubuso bayo kukhona amachibi, okuhlanganisa ketshezi hydrocarbon compounds.

Europa (inyanga ka-Jupiter) embozwe iqhwa, okuyinto uzakuthathwa ukuba ngaphansi kolwandle. Futhi, ososayensi baye hypothesized ukuthi kukhona asebenzayo imithombo komhlaba e ulwandle.

Enye inyanga ka-Jupiter - Io - okubangelwa isithakazelo esikhethekile akhona. Wathola nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo.

Artificial emhlabeni iziphuphutheki (AES)

Ngokwe-definition olwamukelwa, isiphuphutheki ngokuthi indiza, okuyinto okungenani kanye wenza revolution emhlabeni Earth. Kumasathalayithi lokuqala yokufakelwa ezaqaliswa ku Earth orbit yiSoviet Union (1957) kanye USA (1958). Nale ukuminyana sasibalwa emkhathini uphenyo umsakazo esiphelweni izici. Ngempela yaba impumelelo e ukuhlola umkhathi futhi ekuqaleni Space Age.

Ukulandela eSoviet Union kanye ne-United States iziphuphutheki abangu-France (1965), e-Australia (1967), Japan (1970), China (1970) kanye UK (1971) yethulwa ngokusemthethweni.

Kuphethe ucwaningo isikhala kusekelwe ukubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe. Ngokwesibonelo, ezweni friendly USSR satellite yethulwa kusukela cosmodrome Soviet. Ezinye iziphuphutheki, ekhiqizwa eCanada, eFrance, e-Italy, ngo-1962 waqala usebenzisa US ukuthuthukiswa kwethulwa imoto.

Kuyini ngesiphuphutheki? It is azungeza iplanethi othile umzimba yangaphandle. Ngu umsuka zingabantu yemvelo noma emishinini. umphakathi womhlaba okunabileko iyona iziphuphutheki zemvelo amaplanethi, ngoba namanje pose eziningi izimfihlakalo ngokwabo, kodwa iningi labo namanje elinde ukuvulwa. Kukhona amaphrojekthi esifundweni sawo ukubaluleka yangasese, umphakathi kanye nephasi loke. Satellites asivumela ukuxazulula imizamo ucwaningo nentuthuko in izinga iplanethi eyodwa, futhi wonke isikhala.