Kuzokwenzekani e-Ukraine lapho kwakhiwa i-Nord Stream-2?

Ngonyaka we-2019, kuhanjiswa ukuqhutshwa kwepayipi ye-Nord Stream-2. Umlando wokwakhiwa komugqa wokuqala walesi sigwaqo esikhulu uqinisekisa ukuthi leli gama lizohlangana, ikakhulukazi kusukela kulo msebenzi, ngaphezu kweGazprom, enye ingxenye yezinkampani ezinamanye amazwe inesithakazelo esikhulu ekukhunjweni kukaRussia kuya eYurophu. Imiphumela yalesi senzakalo ibikezela. Ukuhlinzeka abathengi kuyoba kubiza futhi kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kepha kunomthelela ohlangothini - amazwe okuthutha athola imali eqinisekisiwe namuhla ezohlupheka, futhi eningi. Ikakhulukazi, uhlelo lwe-gas gas yokuthutha luyoba okungadingekile.

Umlando wamanani

Iminyaka eminingi, i-Ukraine yathola igesi yemvelo yaseRashiya cishe inani elingokomfanekiso, okwakungaba ngu-R550 ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyinkulungwane, okwenza leli zwe lijabulele amalungelo amaningi. Izindleko zokukhiqiza izimboni ezinamandla kakhulu zanikezela kahle emakethe yokuncintisana, futhi abantu bakhokhela inamba encane yamamitha, nakuba bebengayiqondi injabulo yayo. Kwabe sekufika "izikhathi ze-orange", futhi kwenziwa imizamo yokunciphisa intengo, nokwandisa izimali zokuhamba, okungukuthi, ukuletha ubudlelwane bomnotho "emazingeni omhlaba anembile". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuzethemba ngokweqile kwezinduna zeKyiv kwashaywa, befuna ukuba umhumushi avele ngesiRashiya aye e-Ukraine, futhi ngisho nje izaphulelo, ngaphandle kokucabanga. Ingabe kuwufanelekile ukucacisa ukuthi umzamo ngamunye onjalo ukhiphe ukwanda kwentengo, ngokuvamile kabili, kuze kube yilapho iTymoshenko isayina inkontileka eyayimkhazimulisile. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ubudlelwane obuphakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ngokwempahla kagesi befana neye-Europe yonke, okungukuthi, ngokulingana ngokuphelele.

Ukusebenzisa nokulayisha kwe-GTS yase-Ukraine

Isistimu yokudlulisa igesi e-Ukraine yahamba ngendlela efanayo nezinye izinto eziningi, ezizuzwe njengefa ezivela manje eziqalekiswe yiziphathimandla zaseSoviet ezedlule. Isikhombisi salo esiyinhloko siphuthumayo, okungukuthi, inani lomkhiqizo ongadluliselwa "pipayipi" ngonyaka enhlokweni esentshonalanga. Yingu-288 billion cubic metres. M ngonyaka, wakha isistimu nobubanzi beSoviet. Ngomthamo ogcwele, i-GTS ayilayishwa isikhathi eside, ngakho ngo-2007 115 idlule kulo, futhi ngo-1012 kuphela ngamamitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-81 zamamitha ayizigidigidi. Muva nje, kwaphumelelwa ukuphumelela okukhulu, okwenyuka ekuqhumeni ngo-2015 ngo-7.9% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokubika esidlule. Ngamagama amaningi, isibalo sasingu-64.14 billion cubic metres kanye nezinye 2.92 billion eMoldova (futhi, kusobala, i-Transdniestria, futhi). Lesi sibalo sibalulekile ekuhloleni amathuba eN Nord Stream-2.

Ipayipi njengesikhali

I-Kiev ivame ukuhlambalaza uMoscow, futhi, kufanele sikhokhele, hhayi nje kuphela ngemva kweMaidan, kodwa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kwakhe, ngoba isebenzisa igesi yemvelo njengesiphathi. Yiqiniso, kwakungekhona mayelana nokushisa ama-patriots ephila emlilweni ogqamile we-hydrocarbon flame, le nkulumo yayincazelo engokomfanekiso. Yisho, lawo mazwe aphathwa kahle neRussia, uphethiloli ukhishwa ngamanani aphansi, kanti abanye abazama ukukhathaza umakhelwane ngazo zonke izindlela, okungukuthi, abaye bathatha indlela yentando yeningi yaseNtshonalanga, abatholi lokho okuthandayo. Lo mkhuba wabizwa ngokuthi unonya, futhi abezombangazwe abaningi baseYurophu (ukungasho ngamasonto aseMelika nabongameli) banxusa uMoscow ukuba enze okuhlukile, futhi kungcono ukwenza okuphambene. Kodwa ipayipi, njengoba yavela, ingasetshenziswa njengesikhali. Njengoba kucacile esitatimendeni seYury Vitrenko, umqondisi wezokuthuthukiswa kukaNaftogaz wase-Ukraine ngoDisemba 30, 2015, ukholelwa ukuthi i-Gazprom iyakhokhwa imali yokuhamba, ngakho-ke imali kufanele iphakanyiswe. Izikhathi ezintathu. Isikhulu seKiev sabiza lesi sinqumo ngokuthi "impendulo efanele" "imizamo yesikhathi eside" yokukhathazeka kweRashiya okudlula i-Ukraine.

Nokho, izinkinga zangaphambi, kokubili ngaphansi kweYushchenko, futhi ngaphansi kweKuchma.

"Indawo eshisayo"

Ngokuyinhloko, i-Europe neRussia ayithandi ukuba khona kwegesi eliphakathi endleleni, ikakhulukazi uma kushisa kule sayithi. Igesi - umkhiqizo uqhuma, ukuqhuma kwawo kudinga ukuzola nokuhleleka kokushisa kombuso. Uma ipayipi isusiwe nxazonke, lokhu kubangela ukukhathazeka okuthile, kokubili umthumeli nomamukeli. Kulesi sizinda esingathandeki, lo mqondo wavela ukwakha i- "Nord Stream" yokuqala endaweni engozini. Okokuqala, le phrojekthi e-Ukraine ngesizathu esithile yayibhekwa njenge-bluff, kodwa ipayipi yakhiwe ngokushesha. Manje nansi igatsha lesibili elihlelwe, hhayi nje ngamazwi. Kukhona umqondo futhi "iSouth Stream" elele ngaphansi kwamanzi oLwandle Olumnyama, kodwa engakhuli ndawonye. Ubudlelwane neTurkey buye buthathaka, ngaphandle kwalo awukwazi ukukwenza, futhi yebo. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa isibalo, futhi ukuphindaphindwa komkhawulokudonsa.

Umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza

Ukwakhiwa kweNorth Stream-2, kwakhiwa inhlangano yenkampani ehlangene i-New European Pipeline AG, lapho i-BASF / Wintershall, i-Shell, i-E.ON, i-OMV (ene-10% ngayinye), i-ENGIE (9%) ne-Gazprom (I-51% esele). Izinga lokutshala izimali liyizigidi ezingu-9 zezigidi ezingu-900 zama-euro. Isivumelwano sokubamba iqhaza sasayinwe kuVladivostok ngoSeptemba 4 ngonyaka odlule ngesikhathi se-Eastern Economic Forum. Umthamo wepayipi yegesi (imigqa emibili) kuyoba ngamamitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-55 zamamitha ayizigidi. M ngonyaka, lokhu kungu-28.7% wevolumu yenani lezinto ezikhathazayo "iGazprom" eYurophu okwamanje. Sekuyisikhathi sokukhumbula isibalo sokuvota kwe-GTS yase-Ukraine ngo-2015, kungaphezu kuka-67 million cubic metres. M. Akukho, kuzobe sekukhona izigidi eziyishumi nambili, ngisho nangaphezulu.

Intwasahlobo yamagesi

Ngaphambi kokushiya isikhundla sikaNdunankulu, u-Yatsenyuk wabhala ukunqoba kwakhe ("ukugubha"), okunye okuwukukhipha ukuxhomeka kwegesi. Ngamanga akhe manje awukwazi ukusola, kanti nakuba eRussia uphethiloli usathengwa, kodwa kancane kakhulu. Lo mphumela omuhle utholakala ngezindlela ezimbili, futhi zombili zilula. Okokuqala, izimpahla manje "ziphendulela", okungukuthi, zibuyela emuva, emuva. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-EU ithengwe, kodwa ingasetshenzisiwe, igesi iphinda ibuyele ensimini ye-Ukraine, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ivele iphonswe ngaphandle kwezikhungo zesitoreji sase-Ukraine (kungani ukuyiqhubela emuva?). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, azikho "amathegi" (futhi u-Yatseniuk ungumbhali we-aphorism), futhi kubonakala sengathi akunakwenzeka ukucacisa izwe elivela kulo, nakuba kubonakala kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi uphethiloli uvela. Futhi okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kuye kwehle kakhulu. Kodwa akufanele ujabule ngakho.

Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kuka-Ukraine

Uma eminyakeni emithathu eyedlule, i-Ukraine yayidla ngamamitha ayizigidi ezingu-70 zamamitha ayizigidigidi M wegesi ngonyaka, kodwa manje ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezimbili. Cha, lokhu akuwona umphumela wokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla noma ukusebenzisa izindlela zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza okwedlulele (nakuba kunezinye izimo). Konke kulula kakhulu. Ukunciphisa izidingo zamandla ezimboni kubangelwa inkinga yezomnotho kanye nokuhlaselwa okujwayelekile komkhakha wangempela. Futhi ngisho nangezinkathi zanhlanhlanhla, babefudumala. Lokhu kungabhekwa ngempela ukuzimela kwangempela. Uma ungadingi okuthile, kuhle. Uma nje umuntu enempilo, encane futhi egcwele amandla, udinga konke - zokudlela, izimoto, ukuhamba, okuhlwabusayo, nakuba engadli kakhulu ukudla ngisho neziphuzo ezidakayo, kanti abanye baze banikeze izipho kubathandekayo bakhe. Futhi uma umuntu eguga noma egula, noma kokubili, ngakho konke okudingayo kuyanciphisa: kancane semolina emanzini kanye nenhlanzi encane. Ilondoloza!

I-futurism encane

Futhi manje ungazama ukugxilisa ingqondo njengabalobi bezesayensi ezizayo, kodwa nokho, ngo-2019, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwepayipi ye-Nord Stream-2 iphelile. I-algeria amandla amakhulu ase-Ukraine agwa ngamanzi, izinkuni seziphelile, kodwa imboni ayisekho. Umthombo wokugcina wemali engenayo, okuyi-transit, iphelile. Kulezigidi eziyizigidi eziyishumi zamamitha ayizigidi zamamitha ayi-cubic, kungenzeka ukuphakamisa inani lezinkokhelo kathathu, kodwa lokhu ngeke kube lula. Akukho gesi eYurophu, sebeyeke kakade ukubolekisa, futhi akukho lutho lokukhokha. Isithombe esibuhlungu sisekelwa ngamathayi avuthayo ku-Khreshchatyk, nawo aphelile. Ngithanda ukuthi othile aqiniseke ...