Kwamacala abucayi kanye sibi kakhulu futhi ngezigaba zabo

Wobugebengu emacaleni Ikhodi azigcini nje lo msebenzi, kodwa futhi zaba namandla kakhulu noma izimo.

Imihlobo letibanga bugebengu

Ukwahlukanisa ubugebengu esingathi sína futhi ithuna ikakhulukazi kusho lizinga usongo emphakathini uwonke noma izingxenye zalo ngazinye, okuyinto isenzo. imikhakha Ukwehlukanisa ubugebengu isetjentiswe hhayi kudala, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu-France, okuyinto uye wasebenzisa division multi-esiteji zobugebengu njengoba 1810.

Esikhathini Russian lobugebengu izenzo umthetho zihlukaniswe zibe:

• amandla adonsela phansi Amancane.
• kobukhulu Lokulingene.
• Serious.
• Ikakhulukazi sina.

Phakathi esigabeni ngasinye kukhona ukwahlukana. Izinhlobo esingathi sína futhi ubugebengu ethuneni ikakhulukazi:

• Simple.
• Nge khona isihluku (oqeqeshiwe).
• Nge ukutholakala ezidinga ngibonelele (ayethanda).

ubufakazi

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubugebengu afanelekayo kunezimpawu ekhethekile. Kuye ukutholakala ubugebengu ngaphansi ikhodi ethile lobugebengu kungase kube lula Ingxenye yokuqala, yesibili - kobukhulu isilinganiso (khona isihluku), kanti eyesithathu - Grave (ukutholakala kwezimo ikakhulukazi ngodlame).

Ngokwesibonelo, Article 111 (okubangela umonakalo ongalungiseki impilo) ezindimeni 1 no-2 ebekwe izimo zisikisela ukuthi isenzo bekuyobhekwa njengento ethuneni phambi kwabo. Ezingxenyeni 3 nese-4 isihloko esifanayo nokulimaza on isicelo enalo wayehlose, ebukhoneni isihluku bekuyobhekwa njengento engathí sina ngempela.

kwesigwebo

Lokho lisezingeni elinjani izingozi ezibangelwa ukuba umphakathi ukuthi ubugebengu ziye okuchaza ngu sivumele isishaya-mthetho ukuba abeke izinhlawulo. Lezi izinhlawulo zinqunywa ikhumbula hhayi kuphela izimiso zokuziphatha, kodwa futhi ukuhlobana futhi proportionality kwesikhathi kanye nesimo isijeziso ngaleli cala.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze acacise lapho ubugebengu ngokungathí sina noma sina impela, ungakwazi unake isijeziso ngenxa yalesi senzo. Ukuze ieala sisibi, ukuboshwa esiphezulu babengagwetshwa iminyaka engaze ibe 10, futhi elisindayo ikakhulukazi - ezingaphezu kuka ecacisiwe kwesikhathi, udilikajele noma isigwebo sentambo.

Ukuba budedengu we ubugebengu

Lapho ziqu ubugebengu kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuphela izenzo ezincane adonsela phansi kungenziwa uzibophezele ngengozi, kanye ubugebengu encane. Okubi kanye esinzulu izimisele ngenhloso kuphela. Umthetho alimchazi isenzo esisodwa uzibophezele wubudedengu, okuyinto ingozi emphakathini futhi lidlulisela isijeziso esifanele.

La macala ukuthi kungenziwa izimisele ngokusebenzisa ukunganaki, ingase ihlanganise ukubulala noma okubangela umonakalo ongalungiseki impilo a ngenhloso ethize lapho ukuzivikela ezidingekayo (sihloko 108, ingxenye 1 no 114 we Criminal Code), ukufa lohlaselwayo ngesenzo abanganaki yesaphulamthetho (Article 109, ingxenye 1) , kulimaze empilweni e ukushisa passion (sihloko 113), kanye nabanye. Lokhu ucabangela into engalindelekile ngokuya ngemiphumela.

Ngokwesibonelo, abenza ubugebengu wafuna ukushaya isisulu, kodwa ngengozi wamshaya endaweni yethempeli, afa ngaso. Ngakho, lowo okonile wayengafuni imiphumela ukuqaliswa ngenhloso yayo, ngakho ukubulala kuzoxoxwa njengoba okubangela ukufa wubudedengu.

Criminal Code of isenzo ezishiwo yiSigaba 109, ingxenye 1, futhi ixhunyiwe, kuhlanganise nokuswela wangempela inkululeko isikhathi kuze kube iminyaka engu-2. Lapho ebhekisela ngezigaba, owawuthi kwamangqamuzana zobugebengu, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Kulokhu ibhekisela ezenzweni zokusekela gravity ezincane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma sibheka ngezigaba jikelele, okuyinto uhlukanisa izenzo izakhamuzi yokuphula, amacala kanye ubugebengu, izenzo ngokunqaba Criminal Code, ayikwazi kubhekwe kahle noma ukuphulwa, uma sekube ukuhlukumeza kwanoma iliphi ilungelo lomuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-Criminal Code kukhona Article 136 - ukubandlulula. Ngakho asebenzelana Ikhodi ujezisa isenzo izimisele ngosizo isimo sabo esikhethekile.

lokubuya kwesifo

kwamacala abucayi kanye esinzulu ibalulekile sokunquma ngiwela ogibeni lwezidakamizwa, okuyinto yena, kuyinto isici ngodlame eenkambisweni zobulelesi for ikhomishini elibucayi. Ngokwesibonelo, yokuthi ummangalelwa ecaleni lobugebengu has ngaphambili kabili (noma izikhathi ezingaphezu) ubugebengu siyingoti, ongokhetheke ukuqaphela isakhamuzi recidivist.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ikhomishana secala efanayo, kodwa okokuqala, umuntu kungenziwa wagwetshwa ukuphila kwangempela, kodwa kwezimilo (ejele) e umbuso evamile noma esiqinile. Kulesi simo lakuso umlingisi lokubuya kwesifo okunjalo ihilela ukufundisa kokudonsa isigwebo esikhathini isikhungo nge mode ekhethekile kokuqukethwe.

Udo kuye amandla adonsela phansi izenzo

Ekunqumeni kungenzeka ededelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi division zobugebengu esingathi sína futhi ithuna ikakhulukazi kubalulekile. Uma bengenze ubugebengu obungathi sína, ekhululwa ejele ngoshwele kungenzeka kuphela uma isiboshwa wayekhonze okungenani 2/3 kwesikhathi kunqunywa isigwebo. Isenzo okuyinto esinzulu kusikisela Ukuhamba ¾ isijeziso, futhi kuphela ke kungenzeka ukubaleka ejele ngoshwele.

ngokuhambisana nesimo ngesinqumo esithathwe yinkantolo. Uma ijaji enquma ukuthi umuntu olahlwe yicala ushiye isikhathi sokuhanjelwa, okwakudingeka ukukulungisa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngeke ukukhonza lonke isikhathi, kwenza isinqumo ekuseni ukukhululwa. Kufanele kube yingxenye isijeziso kuncike ingozi ukuze izenzo zomphakathi benziwa yicala.

Zokucisha nerekhodi lobugebengu, kuye ngokuthi isenzo kobukhulu

abanethonya elithile nokuncika komunye nomunye nazo waphawula ekuvuthweni nalokho okukholelwayo lapho ubugebengu esingathi sína futhi ithuna ikakhulukazi. Njengomthetho, isikhathi sokuhlala ku-DUT lezi zenzo kufana isihlale iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu (isiyonke, kuye ukuphinda izimo owayephethe). Izinsuku ulindele ukubuyiselwa yona iphelele yezinkolelo odlule asethwe yiSigaba 86 soMthetho Criminal Code, futhi maqondana leli qembu zenzo 8 no-10 eminyakeni, ngokulandelana. Ngo Ingxenye 5 isihloko esifanayo kukhona ilungiselelo ukuthi unelungelo ukuze bangahlupheki, phakathi ukuziphatha okuhle, ngokuba siyakuvuna ekuseni ukususwa ngokuqiniseka enkantolo.

Ekusebenteni, recidivists kuyingozi ikakhulukazi abenza ubugebengu esingathi sína futhi ithuna ikakhulukazi, irekhodi lobulelesi akuyona acime naphakade.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngenkathi lowo muntu ngaphandle kwezindonga leli koloni, ngisho noma siphelelwe yisikhathi esimisiwe ejele, uphoqelekile ukuba wenze izenzo ezintsha ezingasho emthethweni. Lezi zenzo ezidingekile recidivist ngokoMthetho kungenzeka abe khona izimali etholwe izindlela zobugebengu, noma ukulondoloza idumela emhlabeni lobugebengu.

wokuqulwa kwamacala ezinkantolo

Lapho ziqu ubugebengu zivame ukuba nezinkinga ngokuya kwesigwebo. I zobulelesi babe ubugebengu esingathi sína futhi ithuna ikakhulukazi, okuyiwona izihloko ukuhlinzekela aboshwe eside kunabo bonke abanye izigaba, zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo iqoqo izimo ezazikhona ngesikhathi ikhomishana izenzo ezingekho emthethweni.

umkhuba yeKambiso esiye zanqwabelana okuningi nakho uphenyo zobugebengu amaningi, kodwa namanje amajaji ngokuvamile benza amaphutha. Ngokuvamile, uma umuntu asenzile izenzo ziningana kwehlisa nomunye, okungase chasiselwe cwe, isijeziso ngokuvamile kakhulu kufanele ebekwe isihloko esindayo.