Lolu ketshezi emaphashini: Izimbangela Nezingozi Ukwelashwa

uhlelo zokuphefumula uchayeke amathonya zangaphandle, futhi isifo yayo kungenzeka kubangelwa iyiphi zokugula jikelele.

Lolu ketshezi emaphashini izimbangela

uphawu okunjalo, njengoba uketshezi emaphashini kungase kube ngenxa ukuvuvukala (isifo sofuba, pleurisy, pneumonia), congestive imihlola noma umdlavuza. Lolu ketshezi iqala buthelela emaphashini ngenxa permeability anda isitsha igazi izindonga, futhi uma ubuqotho woniwa. Esimweni sokuqala, lo permeability okwandisiwe izindonga isitsha kuholela ekwakhekeni transudate - uketshezi edematous ukuqongelela emaphashini. Esimeni sesibili, ukungaboni ngaso linye ubuqotho odongeni isitsha igazi ngesenzo mechanical kuholela ukuvuvukala kumiswa exudate. Lokhu amaprotheni amaseli ocebile futhi uketshezi umbala turbid ukuthi ukuvuza ngokusebenzisa Imithambo yegazi lilimele. Ngokuvamile umonakalo mechanical ephelezelwa ukwakheka imithambo yegazi hemothorax (ekuqongeleleni igazi ingaphakathi pleural). Imbangela yale namanzi emaphashini kungenzeka ukungasebenzi uhlelo lymph kwamaphaphu, okuholela ukususwa kancane uketshezi edematous, okuyinto, sekusilethela ekuthuthukiseni edema. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi resection kwamaphaphu, ephelezelwa ukususwa inqwaba ISIZINDA, emaphashini elandelayo ukufakelwa. A ukwanda kancane inani oketshezini zanqwabelana interstitium yamaphaphu, aziyeka ngokubekezela kalula umzimba. Lapho ubukhulu bayo kakhulu uqala ukwandisa, emaphashini aqala ukulahlekelwa kuyaqina yabo, lapho kungukuphula negesi lokushintshisana okwenzeka emaphashini, futhi ziba nzima.

Omunye izimpawu zokuqala elithé okusamanzi kuyinto dyspnea. Lokhu kungenxa ukwehla-mpilo ukulethwa rate kusukela alveoli ku imithambo yegazi., Ngoba umuntu engathandi ukuphefumula kaningi kunokujwayelekile.

edema yamaphaphu ngesikhathi sesigaba ukuthuthukiswa 2 maqembu. Okokuqala, kukhona extravasation esikhaleni interstitial, futhi ukusuka lapho ketshezi singena alveoli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ukuhlaselwa yesifuba somoya inhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokulala, umuntu uqala okhalazayo mayelana nokushoda emoyeni. Vela ukukhwehlela, kwesifuba. Konke lokhu izimpawu kuba kukhulu uma lisalele isikhundla nesineke. Kamuva, kukhona phlegm, kukhona paleness kancane obonakalayo kwesikhumba, izikhalazo ubuhlungu esifubeni. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze ukuhlola yesifuba somoya inhliziyo, banikezwe khona isifo senhliziyo, ezingamahlalakhona ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ubudala lesiguli. Kumele ahlukaniswe kusuka isifuba somoya, dyspnea inhliziyo ku thromboembolism we Umthambo yamaphaphu futhi amagatsha somoya bronchial.

Lolu ketshezi e iphaphu: Ukwelashwa

Zikhona izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha lesi sifo. Kudingeka ukwesekwa ngokuyinhloko zokuphefumula (Ukwelashwa oksijini, RF VLV njll) esehlisa hypoxia nokucindezelwa intraalveolar ukwanda, nakho kuvimbela transsudirovaniyu uketshezi zibe interstitium. Kuyadingeka ukuba ubambe ephefumula umoya-mpilo oswakanyiswe utshwala ububi ngentukuthelo. Ukuze nitrate ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa (nitroglycerin). Bona ukunciphisa yokujama tsi ka emithambo yegazi igazi emaphashini, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi okwandisa umoyampilo myocardium. Nitrate e umthamo kukhethwe kahle kungehlisa umthwalo ehlela phezu i-ventricle engakwesobunxele wenhliziyo, okubangela vasodilation ka lwemithambo futhi embhedeni emithambo yegazi. Iphathwe ukuze kwakheke ama-nitrate ngezindlela ezimbili - noma ithebhulethi noma isifutho. Lolu ketshezi e iphaphu ngenkathi kancane kancane iphele.

Yiba ukusetshenziswa ezanele analgesics (morphine). Bona unciphise ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, esiza ukunciphisa umthwalo phezu imisipha zokuphefumula. It futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ejenti inotropic, ezifana Dopamine. Effect Its iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umthamo. Umthamo 5-10 g / m kubangela ukwenyuka okukhipha inhliziyo. Ukwandisa umthamo izikhathi 2, sithola-alpha metatichesky umphumela.